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1、Book 5 Unit 1Greatscientists话题晨背积累写作素材自主排查夯实基础知识边讲边练突破核心考点在高考语境中提升解题技能话题词汇话题词汇话题晨背 积累写作素材1.creative adj.富有创造力的2.determination n.决心3.humorous adj.幽默的4.independent adj.独立的5.profession n.职业6.qualification n.资格；学历7.be honored as被誉为8.be active in积极从事于9.be admitted into a key university考上重点大学10.think high
2、ly/well of对高度评价经经典典语语篇篇请根据下面人物简介写一篇短文：姓名屠呦呦国籍中国职业药学家、科学家主要经历1.1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波；2.1951年考入北京大学，专攻/主修制药专业，于1955年毕业；3.毕业后接受中医培训两年半，并一直在中国中医研究院工作；姓名屠呦呦国籍中国职业药学家、科学家主要经历4.1972年成功发现并制成一种治疗疟疾的药物青蒿素而获得多种奖项；5.2015年10月5日，她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。总结我们要向她学习，投身科学研究。注意：词数100左右。参考词汇：中国中医研究院/所China Academ
3、y of Traditional Chinese Medicine；疟疾malaria佳作欣佳作欣赏赏Tu Youyou，a famous female pharmacologist and scientist，was born in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930. In 1951，she was admitted into Beijing University，majoring in making medicine and graduated in 1955.After graduation she was trained in
4、 traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half and she has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1972，she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world，so that
5、 she won many big awards.To our excitement and delight，she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5th,2015，becoming the first Chinese woman who won the Nobel Prize .We are called on to learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.思思维发维发散散1.将第句改为含有定语从句的复合句2.将第句
6、改为含有时间状语从句的复合句Tu Youyou，who is a famous female pharmacologist and scientist，was born in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930.After she graduated，she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half.答案答案3.将第句中的so that从句改为“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句4.将第句中的定语从句改为短语作定语In 1972，she succe
7、eded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world，for which she won many big awards.becoming the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize答案答案返回返回自主排查 夯实基础知识A.写作单词写作单词1. (n.)柄；把手； (vt.)处理；操纵2. (vt.)责备；谴责；(n.)过失；责备
8、3. (vt.)打败；战胜；使受挫；(n.)失败handleblamedefeat答案答案重点重点单词单词4. (vt.)治愈；痊愈； (n.)治愈；治疗；疗法5. (vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加6. (vt.& vi.)结束；推断出 (n.)结论；结束7. (vt.)暴露；揭露；使曝光 (adj.)无遮蔽的；无保护的8. (vt.)吸收；吸引；使专心 (adj.)专心致志的cureattendconcludeconclusionexposeexposedabsorbabsorbed答案答案9. (n.)挑战； (vt.)向挑战 (adj.)挑战性的10. (vt.)污染；弄脏 (adj.)
9、被污染的 (n.)污染11. (vt.)宣布；通告 (n.)宣布；通告12. (vt.)命令；指示；教导 (n.)命令；指示challengechallengingpollutepollutedpollutionannounceannouncementinstructinstruction答案答案13. (vt.)认为；怀疑； (n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 (adj.)怀疑的；可疑的14. (vt.& vi.)捐献；贡献；捐助 (n.)贡献；捐助15. (vt.)拒绝；不接受；抛弃 (n.)拒绝suspectsuspiciouscontributecontributionrejectrejecti
10、on答案答案B.阅读单词阅读单词16.expert (n.) (adj.)17.universe (n.)18.chart (n.)19.backward (adv.& adj.)20.spin (vi.& vt.)21.characteristic (n.)22.neighborhood (n.)23.foresee (vt.)专家；行家专家；行家熟练的；经验或知识丰富的熟练的；经验或知识丰富的宇宙；世界宇宙；世界图表图表向后地向后地(的的)；相反地；相反地(的的)；退步地；退步地(的的)(使使)旋转；纺旋转；纺(线或纱线或纱)特征；特性特征；特性附近；邻近附近；邻近预见；预知预见；预知答案
11、答案24.link (vt.& n.)25.severe (adj.)26.firework (n.)27.positive (adj.)28.construct (vt.)construction (n.)29.scientific (adj.)scientist (n.)30.physician (n.)physical (adj.)连接；联系连接；联系严重的；剧烈的；严厉的严重的；剧烈的；严厉的烟火烟火(燃放燃放)积极的；肯定的；确实的积极的；肯定的；确实的建设；修建建设；修建建设；建筑物建设；建筑物科学的科学的科学家科学家医生；内科医师医生；内科医师身体的；肉体的身体的；肉体的答案答案
12、31.enquiry (n.)enquire (vt.)32.analyse (vt.)analysis (n.)33.certainty (n.)certain (adj.)certainly (adv.)34.responsible (adj.)responsibility (n.)询问询问询问询问分析分析分析分析确信；确实确信；确实某一，必然的某一，必然的无疑地，确定地无疑地，确定地有责任的；负责的有责任的；负责的责任责任答案答案35.movement (n.)move (v.)36.enthusiastic (adj.)enthusiasm (n.)37.cautious (adj.)
13、cautiously (adv.)caution (n.)移动；运动；动作移动；运动；动作移动，搬动移动，搬动热情的；热心的热情的；热心的热情，热心热情，热心小心的；谨慎的小心的；谨慎的小心地小心地谨慎谨慎答案答案1.提出2. 得出结论3.使显露；暴露4.该为受责备；应为承担责任5. 将和联系或连接起来6.除之外；此外7. 对严格的8.讲得通；有意义put forwarddraw a conclusionexpose.tobe to blame forlink.to.apart from(be) strict with.make sense答案答案重点短重点短语语1. its cause it
14、s cure understood.人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2.So many thousands of terrified people died .每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。 3. again，John Snow the source of all the water supplies .为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。Neithernorwasevery time there was anoutbreakTo prevent this from happeningsuggested thatbe examined答案答案经经典句
15、式典句式4. you put the sun there the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。 5.He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system and only the moon still going round the earth.他把固定着的太阳放在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。Only ifwith the planetsgoing round
16、it答案答案didJohn Snow，a wellknown doctor in London，became 1. (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 2. (expose) to cholera，a 3.(dead) disease of his day.Many thousands of people died every time there was an outbreak 4. no one knew the cause of it.John wanted to help solve 5. proble
17、m.He got interested in two theories 6. (explain) how cholera killed people.He believed in the second theory that suggested that people 7. (absorb) the disease with their meals. In 1854,8. another outbreak hit London，he was ready to test the two theories.inspiredwere exposeddeadlybecausetheexplaining
18、absorbedwhen答案答案课课文文语语法填空法填空With the help of the map he made，he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 9. (blame).The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.Finally “King Cholera” 10. (defeat).to blamewa
19、s defeated答案答案返回返回边讲边练 突破核心考点conclude v.断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止(end)1.(1)conclude sth.with.就某事与某人达成协议；以结束conclude sth.from.从推断出(2)arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总之；最后(1)So what can we conclude from this debate?那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？(2)What conclusions do you draw from the evidence
20、youve heard?从你听到的证据中你得出什么结论？多维训练(1)单句语法填空He concluded his speech a famous saying.What can we conclude Staffords research? conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.(2)一句多译从以上讨论可以得出两个结论。Two conclusions the above discussion.There are two conclusions the above discussion.withf
21、romIncan be drawn fromto be drawn from答案答案expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光2.expose.to使显露；暴露expose sth./sb./oneself to.使某物/某人/自己暴露于be exposed to暴露于；接触到应试指指导 非非谓语动词句法功能的考句法功能的考查(1)These units exposed children to many viewpoints of a given issue.这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。(2)They have not been exposed to most disease
22、s common to urban populations.城市人口中多数常见的疾病他们都没有接触到。多维训练(1)同义词语替换The newspaper exposed his secret to the public.(2)同义句改写Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin. (用v.ing的主动形式作主语改写)He was exposed to the rain and wind last night and he was ill.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)let out/gave
23、 awayExposing yourself to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.Exposed to the rain and wind last night，he was ill. 答案答案absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)(take in)；吸引全部注意力(attract)；使全神贯注(interest sb.very much)；使并入，吞并3.absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收be absorbed in全神贯注于be absorbed by/in
24、to被吞并(吸引)(1)International affairs absorb his attention.他专心研究国际问题。(2)Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。(3)She was absorbed in the book.她专心于这本书。特别提醒特别提醒(1)单句语法填空When deeply (absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or
25、sleeping.Most little shops have been absorbed big businesses.After (absorb) enough water，the plants grow well.(2)同义句改写He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)多维训练absorbedinto/byabsorbingAbsorbed in TV，he forgot to sleep.答案答案blame v.把归咎于，责怪，指责(say or think sb.is responsible for
26、)；n.过失；责任(responsibility)；责备，指责4.(1)blame sb.for.因而指责某人；把归咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上应试指指导 be to blame主主动形式表被形式表被动意意义的用法的用法(1)Everybody knows that he is to blame for thi
27、s.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。(2)I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.我准备为这一错误承担责任。(3)The president put the blame completely on his opponent.总统把责任完全推给了他的对手。词义辨析词义辨析 (1)用blame，charge，accuse的正确形式填空It is obvious that you are to for the accident.She was said to have been with drunk driving.I was told that he
28、was of murder.(2)一句多译他把考试失败归咎于老师。 (blame.on) (blame.for)多维训练blamechargedaccusedHe blamed the failure of his exam on the teacher.He blamed the teacher for the failure of his exam.He put/laid the blame for the failure of his exam on the teacher.(blame n.)答案答案contribute vt.& vi.捐献；捐助(give money or good
29、s to.)；是的原因之一(be one of the causes of sth.)；贡献；投稿(write.for.)5.(1)contribute.to.把贡献给contribute to有助于；导致；把时间投入到(2)make a contribution/contributions to对作出贡献；捐款多多词一一义contribute to，result in，be responsible for，bring about，lead to，cause(1)He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.他在这次讨论中提出很多好的
30、想法。(2)Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？图解助记图解助记(1)同义句改写Various factors contributed to his downfall.Various factors his downfall.(2)In a discussion group，its very important that (每个人都应贡献) whatever is in their minds.多维训练resulted in/led to/were responsib
31、le for/caused/brought abouteveryone (should)contribute答案答案apart/aside from除之外；此外(根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或except for)6.表示“除之外”的短语还有：besidesin addition to除之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。except除外(都)，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体、肯定或否定意义的词连用。except for除以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。(1)
32、Apart from the cost，the dress doesnt suit me.姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我。(2)No one apart from her husband knew about her job.除了她丈夫没有人知道她的工作是什么。用besides，except，except for，apart from填空(1)All the students took part in the sports meeting Tom.(2)We need three more chairs these two.(3) the ending，its a really good f
33、ilm.多维训练except/apart frombesides/apart fromApart from/Except for答案答案make sense 讲得通；有意义讲得通；有意义7.make sense of弄懂的意思；理解make no sense没道理；没意义in a sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上in no sense决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)Theres no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。(1)Why did she do a thing like that？It doesnt seem to make sense.她为什么做那
34、样的事？那好像没有意义。(2)It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things，expressed ideas，and made sense of the world.是语言帮助塑造了我看事物、表达想法和理解这个世界的方式。(1)单句语法填空 makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.There is no sense in (force) yourself to get what you dont want.It is necessary
35、 to explain your theory at length，otherwise the audience wont make sense what you are trying to get across.What you say is true in sense.(2)同义句改写I in no sense agree with this suggestion.(改为倒装句)多维训练ItforcingofaIn no sense do I agree with this suggestion.答案答案attend v.出席，参加；照料，护理(take care of)；处理，对付(de
36、al with)8.(1)写出下列句子中attend的汉语意思.Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.(2014江苏)By now paramedics(急救人员) had arrived，and were attending to the injured woman.He took a short leave of absence to attend to personal business.上上(学学)多维训练护理护理处理处理答案答案(2)单句语法填空Would you like to join us in the ga
37、me?Im afraid not，for I have something important (attend) to.You must attend your work.You have missed several (attend) this term.to attendtoattendances答案答案(1)写出下列句子中put forward的汉语意思Put your watch forward；its five minutes slow. I think he is fit for the position；therefore，Ill put him forward as a can
38、didate. They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. Over the years several similar theories have been put forward. put forward提 议 ， 提 出 (suggest)； 拿 出 ； 推 荐(recommend)；将提前9.多维训练拨快拨快推荐推荐提前提前提出提出答案答案Far water doesnt near fire.Encourage children to some of their pocket money to buy Chr
39、istmas presents.The association has the event until October.Her bed was neatly made，her clothes .Class Three a reasonable proposal.put output asideputoffput awayhas put forward答案答案He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church，so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.他不想遭到基督教会的攻击，所以他直
40、到1543年临终前才公布了这一观点。10.(1)形容词dying在句中作状语，说明谓语动词lay发生时，主语所处的状态。(2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。句型公式：句型公式：形容形容词作状作状语(1)One woman was lying in bed，awake，listening to the rushing wind.一个女人躺在床上，毫无睡意，听着呼啸而过的大风。(2)He went home at last，safe and sound.他最终安然无恙地回了家。多维训练同义句改写(用形容词或形容词短语作状语改写)(1)She sudde
41、nly appeared and seemed happy and satisfied.(2)The boy ran home with fear filling him.Happy and satisfied，she suddenly appeared.The boy ran home，full of fear.答案答案返回返回在高考语境中提升解题技能语境填词1.Instead of introducing (科学的) theories，he tells a story，within which he tries to make his points，perhaps in order to
42、keep the readers attention.(2015湖北)2.In (结论)，I like being praised，but I know sometimes its not always good.(2015湖南)3.The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental (分析) as never before.(2015重庆)scientificconclusionanalysis答案答案4.The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasnt discouraged
43、 and soon got as (热情的) as ever.(2015福建)5.Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique (特征).(2015湖北)enthusiasticcharacteristics答案答案单句语法填空1.The authors mother told him to borrow a book in order to help cure him his reading problem.(2015天津)2.Gro
44、up exercise is (challenge)，yet fun and empowering！(2015福建)3.No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo.But a new study suggests they (use) a little rock n roll.(2015四川)4.Also be cautious expressing emotions.(2014重庆)of challengingusedabout答案答案5.A weak ray of light came in
45、through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed his reading.(2015福建)6.In spite of the largescale (construct) of roads and highways，there is still much room for improvement.(2015江苏)7.What a mess! You are always so lazy!Im not (blame)，mum.I am what you have made me.(2014江苏)8.I can jump on it anyt
46、imewaking up my parents if I am scared or if I have an important (announce) that cannot wait until the morning.(2013四川)inconstructionto blameannouncement答案答案9.Now that Chicagos waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River，the citys next step was to clean the (pollute) river.(2015湖南)10
47、.The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often (severe) criticized，never appears in it.(2013江苏)pollutedseverely答案答案短语填空make sense，put forward，apart from，contribute to，(be) absorbed in1. painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.(2015天津)2.Our appetite for new products also the problem.(2015安徽
48、)3.That mixture，according to Bernard，sets the elevator ride just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.(2014湖北)Absorbed incontributes toapart from答案答案4.It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one ，well make do with it.(2013新课标全国)5.See，your computer ha
49、s broken down again！It doesnt to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.(2015天津)is put forwardmake sense，put forward，apart from，contribute to，(be) absorbed inmake sense答案答案完成句子1.每次光以一个新速度穿过一种物质时，它就会弯曲、扩散。， it bends and scatters.(2015北京)2.直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。Only into the
50、 office that she had left the contract at home.(2015天津)3.他建议立即动工。He suggested that .Every time light moves into a material with a new speedwhen Lily walkeddid she realizethe work (should) be started at once答案答案4.美国政府和法国官员都没有证实有关利比亚的这则新闻。 the American government the French officials the news about Li
51、bya.5.随着房价的上升，许多人买不起房子。 ，a great many people cant afford to buy a house.Neithernorhave confirmedWith the price of the houses going up答案答案1.布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病。2.专家通过各种尝试给他治疗。3.各种尝试之后他们宣布病毒被打败了。4.但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。5.人们说这种病毒该受责备。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用宾语从句，need doing等。写作素材(关于医学关于医学)微写作连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Black was severely ill because of being exposed to a deadlyvirus.After all the attempts to cure him，the experts announced that the virus was defeated but he needed attending before he was fully recovered.People said that the virus was to blame.答案答案返回返回
