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1、济宁题型二 阅读理解一、阅读理解一、阅读理解“三步三步”定位法定位法第一步看题干，快速定位关键词第一步看题干，快速定位关键词先看问题，找出题干中的关键词，猜测文章大意。先看问题，找出题干中的关键词，猜测文章大意。第二步读文章，快速定位找原文第二步读文章，快速定位找原文带着关键词快速通读全文，画出与题干内容相关的词汇和句带着关键词快速通读全文，画出与题干内容相关的词汇和句子，并在脑海中形成篇章结构图。子，并在脑海中形成篇章结构图。第三步回看题，连线解读定答案第三步回看题，连线解读定答案细读题干、选项，针对已画出的原文内容进行二次定位，精细读题干、选项，针对已画出的原文内容进行二次定位，精准连线，
2、锁定答案。准连线，锁定答案。二、具体解题技巧二、具体解题技巧1细节理解题细节理解题该题型多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目，属该题型多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但所占的比例最大，一般占于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但所占的比例最大，一般占总分值的总分值的60%85%。其命题方式有用。其命题方式有用what, where, which, why, who, how等疑问词进行提问；用等疑问词进行提问；用according to开头，后开头，后接短文具体内容；用动宾结构、介宾结构、系表结构等的设接短文具体内容；用动宾结构、介宾结构、系表结构等的设
3、题方式。题方式。解答该类题目时应注意以下几点：解答该类题目时应注意以下几点：(1)若问题的答案是文中的原句，直接作答即可；若问题的答案是文中的原句，直接作答即可；(2)若问题的答案涉及的是总结性的句子，要特别注意对原文若问题的答案涉及的是总结性的句子，要特别注意对原文中与答案相关句子的总结。中与答案相关句子的总结。【例例】I grew up in New Hampshire, a small town in South Canada, where in my father s words for the seasons were “Spring, Summer, Fairtime and Wi
4、nter！” At that time, a weeklong fair(集市集市) was held in the town every autumn. Thousands of people from other towns came to sell and buy things. It was the busiest time of the year.Q: Thousands of people came to the town to at the fair.Aenjoy Grandma s foodBsell and buy thingsClearn to cookDhave a bi
5、g party【解析解析】 B由本段第三句由本段第三句话可知，数千人来到小可知，数千人来到小镇上是上是为了在集市上了在集市上买卖东西，故西，故选B。2推理判断题推理判断题该题型的命题方式主要有对细节的推理判断、对某个问题或该题型的命题方式主要有对细节的推理判断、对某个问题或某一部分的观点、态度的推理判断；对作者在整篇文章中的某一部分的观点、态度的推理判断；对作者在整篇文章中的态度、观点和写作意图的推理判断。常见的提问方式有：态度、观点和写作意图的推理判断。常见的提问方式有：(1)The sentence/paragraph/passage infers that.(2)We can learn
6、 from the sentence/paragraph/passage that.(3)The sentence/paragraph/passage implies that.(4)By saying., the author means.(5)What can we infer from the.(6)At the end of the passage the writer suggests.(7)From the second example we can infer that.(8)It can be concluded/inferred from the passage that.【
7、例例】 One day, a little boy decided to dig a hole behind his house after watching a science program. As he was working, a couple of boys stopped by to watch. “What are you doing？” asked one of the visitors. “I want to dig a deep hole all the way through the earth！” the boy answered excitedly. The olde
8、r boys began to laugh, telling him that it was impossible to do it. Then they left.Q: It can be inferred from the passage that the older boys think the little boy is .Asilly BstrictCfriendly Dstrongminded【解析解析】 A由本段倒数第二句可知，那些年由本段倒数第二句可知，那些年纪大一些的男大一些的男孩嘲笑小男孩，孩嘲笑小男孩，说他不可能完成那件事，由此可推断，他他不可能完成那件事，由此可推断，他
9、们觉得小男孩很愚蠢，故得小男孩很愚蠢，故选A。3词义猜测题词义猜测题该题型要求学生充分理解文章，有时还要结合英语构词法、该题型要求学生充分理解文章，有时还要结合英语构词法、语法及相关知识进行合理猜测。语法及相关知识进行合理猜测。【例例】 A serious sandstorm(沙尘暴沙尘暴) has hit Beijing, together with five to seven degree strong wind. A great yellow dust cloud enveloped the Chinese capital last Sunday.Q: What does “envelo
10、ped” mean in this passage?A信封信封 B遮盖遮盖C刮走刮走 D灰尘灰尘【解析解析】 B由前文可知，沙由前文可知，沙尘暴暴袭击了北京，再了北京，再结合句法合句法知知识可知可知envelop在此是一个在此是一个动词，排除，排除A、D；再；再结合生活合生活常常识可判断可判断envelop在此在此处表示表示“遮盖遮盖”之意，故之意，故选B。4主旨大意题主旨大意题该题型文章考查考生对文章整体的理解及对主旨大意的概括该题型文章考查考生对文章整体的理解及对主旨大意的概括能力。常见的提问方式有能力。常见的提问方式有(1)What is the main idea/subject/to
11、pic of the passage？(2)The author is mainly concerned with.(3)What does the passage mainly discuss？(4)The passage is mainly about.(5)Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?解答该类题目时应注意以下几点：解答该类题目时应注意以下几点：(1)注意文章标题、开头、结尾、中间的主题句；注意文章标题、开头、结尾、中间的主题句；(2)以原文为依据，只选最适合原文的，不要掺杂个人意见；以原文
12、为依据，只选最适合原文的，不要掺杂个人意见；(3)注意绝对化的单词，如注意绝对化的单词，如all, must等；等；(4)避免以偏概全的干扰项答案。避免以偏概全的干扰项答案。【例例】 Schools will go electronic. Computers will be important and popular among the students. Everything will be in the computer and students will not need to bring books to school. They will find information on th
13、e Internet. A computer will be the students library, schoolbag and connection to the outside world. There will be robot teachers. They will check homework on computers and communicate with the students parents through email.Q: What s the main idea of this passage?ASchools will go electronic.BCompute
14、rs will be important.CThere will be robot teachers.DTeachers will communicate with the students parents through email.【解析解析】 A第一句第一句为中心句，后面是中心句，后面是对其其进行的行的扩展和展和论述，故述，故选A。5数字计算题数字计算题要求学生根据提供的数据以及内在关系进行简单的计算和推要求学生根据提供的数据以及内在关系进行简单的计算和推断。断。【例例】 I won a prize for one of my paintings when I was fourteen. That may be why I went to art school four years later.When I left school, I got some money. I hope to become a fulltime painter.Q: When finishing school studies, the writer was about A14 B16C18 D21【解析解析】 D作者作者14岁因因绘画画获奖，18岁进入美入美术学校，学校，毕业时一定在一定在18岁以上，故以上，故选D。
