新广州牛津版初一英语上册知识汇总及练习

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1、Unit 1 Making FriendsUnit 1 Making FriendsGerman,blog,grammar,sound,complete,hobby,county,age,高频词dream, everyone, Germany, mountain, elder, friendly, engineer,world,Japan,flat,yourself高频close to ,go to school, (be)good at,make friends with,词组all over,Id like to=would like to知识目标1.知道 what,where,who,h

2、ow old,when,why,how,which,how many 的含义。语法2.能用以上的特殊疑问词来提问,并能回答问题;3.知道不定冠词 a,an 的含义4.能在句子中准确地运用冠词。【单词要点】【单词要点】作形容词时意为“德国的,德国人的,德语的”;作名词时,表示“德国人”,是可数名词,其复数形式在其后加 s,表示“德语”是不可数名词。每个人。作主语时,be 动词用单数one is here. 人都到齐了。辨析 everyone 与 every oneeveryone每个人只指人其后不能接 of 短语every one每一个既可指人,也可指物其后可与 of 短语连用最喜欢的Favou

3、rite 通常用来作定语,没有比较级和最高级形式,在含义上相当于 like best。Whats ones favourite.?=What.does/do sb. like best?作可数名词时,意为“梦想”。还可意为“梦,睡梦”。 dream 还可用作动词,意为“梦想,做梦”,常用于 dream of/about(doing)sth.结构意为“梦见/想(做)某事”。 never dream of/about happiness like this. 我从来没想到会这样幸福。adj.年长的,与 younger 相对。辨析 elder 与 older用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的elder长幼

4、关系常用作定语都是 old 的比较可用作表语或定语级泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关older系lder brother is one year older than me.adj.友好的。be friendly to sb. 意为“对某人友好”。friendly 虽然以-ly 结尾,但它的词性是形容词,而不是副词。类似的形容词还有:lovely 可爱的 lonely 孤独的 lively 生动的Ugly 丑的 silly 傻的 daily 每日的 adj.许多的;也可作代词,意为“许多”。 many students in the school yard.在校园里有许多学生。Many of us

5、 think so.我们中有很多人这样认为。辨析:many,much 与 a lot of/lots ofmany修饰可数名词复数many cars many peoplemuch修饰不可数名词much water much timea lot of/lots修饰可数名词复数和不可数a lot of cars/waterof名词及物动词,意为“想要”,常见句型结构有:want +名词想要.I want an apple.want +动词不定式想要做某事I want to go there.want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事He wants me to go.及物动词,意为”喜

6、欢,享受.”,后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。作实义动词时,意为“需要”,有人称、数和时态的变化,其后常接名词、代词或不定式作宾语。need to do sth. 需要做某事。作情态动词时,意为“需要”,无时态和人称的变化,常用于疑问句和否定句中,其后跟动词原形。need 用于一般疑问句是,肯定回答用 must,否定回答用 neednt。回答以must 开头的问句,作否定回答时一般用 neednt。Yes,he must./No,he neednt.11.otherother 另外的,其他的。后接单数或复数名词。e watching TV and reading books.辨析 other,

7、the other,others,the others 与 anotherother泛指“其他的人或物”可 作 形容 词 或the other指两者中的另一个代词others指(三者以上)其余的人作主语、(物)宾语theothers特指某一范围内的“其他作主语的”at home。and her sister look the same. I cant tell one from . others other【短语要点短语要点】1.playplay basketballbasketball 打篮球。在英语中,表示进行某种球类运动时,直接用“play+表示球类的单数名词”即可,在球类运动名词前不加

8、任何冠词。Play 后接西洋乐器类名词时,表示“演奏.”,在西洋乐器类名词前必须加定冠词 the。Ex. Bill likes playingvolleyball,but he doesnt like playingpiano.A.the;the B./;the ;/2.be good atbe good at 意为“擅长.”,后接名词、代词或动名词,同义词组为 do well in。表示“不擅长.”或“在某方面做得不好”,用 be bad/poor at./do badly in./beweak in.。辨析 be good at,be good for 与 be good tobe goo

9、d at擅长Jenny is good at dancing.be good for对.有好处Vegetables are good for us.be good to对.好Our teachers are very good to us.Ex. 1)English is my favourite subject,and I am good it.2)Amy is good at . like like 表示“看起来像.”look 是感官动词,后面跟形容词。look 也可以和 like 搭配,表示“看起来像.”,后面跟名词。 school bus school bus 意为“乘校车”by+表示

10、交通工具的单数名词,构成表示交通方式的介宾短语,意为“乘坐/骑.”。 by bicycle 骑自行车 by taxi 坐出租车 by car 乘小汽车 by bus 乘公共汽车 by train 坐火车 by plane 坐飞机“by+交通工具名词”在句中作方式状语,提问时用疑问副词 how。 the bus the bus 意为“乘公共汽车”辨析 take 与 bytake动词都 有 “ 搭take 后的交通工具前应加限定作谓语乘”之意词by介词by 后的交通工具前不加限定词作状语 take the bus to school.= I go to school by bus. to thes

11、e questions to these questions 意为“这些问题的答案”介词 to 在此表示归属或附加,意为“归于,属于”。the key to the door 门的钥匙 the bridge to the knowledge 通往知识的桥the way to school 去学校的路 of = a lot of of = a lot of 意为“许多的,大量的”。辨析 lots of/a lot of 与 a lotlots of/a lot of大量的常用在名词前作定语,表示数量,a lot大量,非常 可作主语、表语、宾语或状语,但不能修饰名词。Mr Green knows

12、a lot about China.(作宾语)Monkeys like eating bananas a lot.(作状语) to do sth. to do sth.意为“希望做某事”,动词不定时作宾语。 hope to be your friend. hope+(that)从句. 希望. hope that they win the match! from from 意为“收到.的来信”,相当于 get/recrive a letter from.。11.a boy called Brucea boy called Bruce 一名叫布鲁斯的男孩called 是 call 的过去分词。过去

13、分词短语 called Bruce 作后置定语,修饰名词 boy。called 在此处相当于 named。【用法集萃】1.listen to 听 to 接近 over the world 全世界4.far away from 远离 attention to 注意 with 以.开始7.on the Internet English 用英语 about 了解10.tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事 to 欢迎光临12.be from = come from 来自 friends with sb.与某人交朋友14.like/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 in 居住

14、在.16.would like to do sth.想做某事 like sb. to do sth.想某人做某事ExercisesExercises:1)Id like you for a picnic with us. go2)The students in Class Two like sports.3)There a pencil and two rulers in the pencil-box.4)Linda wants basketball with us this afternoon. play5)Do you know the girl Amy?6)Where your Engl

15、is teacher come from?7)Its very hard for us to work out the answer the question.8)Do you want tennis with me on Saturday morning? play9)Do you enjoy English in our class,Mr Green? teach10)Lisa is a little poor at think she needs it every day. to speak practise speaking speaking11)What does your new

16、school ? like like12)She looks very in her new dress. beautiful13)Her mother goes to work bus every morning.【句子要点句子要点】1.My dream is to be an engineer.我的梦想是成为一名工程师。本句是一个“主语+连系动词+表语”结构的句子,动词不定式短语在句中作表语。这类句子的主语通常是 dream,work,task 等名词。Your task is to get all the balls back.2.What does your father/mother

17、 do? 你父亲/母亲是做什么工作的?询问某人现在从事何种职业或做什么工作,常用“What do/does+sb.+do?”句型。询问职业的其他句型还有:What + be + sb.?/What is sb.s job?/What do/does + sb.+want to be?3.Below are some reference books.下面是一些参考书。本句是一个倒装句。below 作副词,意为“在下面”,与 above 相对。below 还可作介词,意为“在.下方”,可指位置、程度、数量等、【语法专项语法专项】一、特殊疑问句一、特殊疑问句1.定义:特殊疑问句是指以 who,wha

18、t,whose,which,when,where,why,how 等疑问句开头,对陈述句中某一部分提问的句子。回答时,不用 yes 或 no,而是用一个句子或短语。what通常用来对职业或事物提问,表示“什么,什么事”who通常用来对人提问,表示“谁”when通常用来对时间提问,表示“什么时候”where通常用来对地点提问,表示“哪里”which通常用来对待定范围内的人或物提问,表示“哪一个”whose通常用来对所属关系提问,表示“谁的”why通常用来对原因提问,表示“为什么”how通常用来对方式提问,表示“如何”how old通常用来对年龄提问,表示“几岁”通常用来对数量提问,表示“多少”,

19、后面跟可数名词的复how many数形式how much通常用来对金钱提问,表示“多少钱”2.句型结构特殊疑问句的结构为:疑问词+ 一般疑问句?具体有以下两种情况:(1)疑问词 + be + 主语(+其他)?How old is your brother?Where are my books?Why is he late?(2)疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 行为动词(+ 其他)?Why do you like English?How many books do you have?(3)当主语是疑问代词 who,whose,what,which 或由疑问代词修饰主语时,句子应用陈述语序(主语

20、和谓语不倒装) 。Which train leaves for Beijing?Exercises:()1) do you speak English so well?Because I practice it with my partner every day.()2) is Jeremy Lin?He is a famous Harvard-educated,Asian-American NBA basketball player. old()3) do you go to work every day?By bike.()4) can we find your brother at we

21、ekends?On the football field.()5) is her favourite subject?Her favourite subject is art.二、不定冠词二、不定冠词冠词是一种虚词,放在名词前面,帮助说明名词的含义。它分为不定冠词(a,an)和定冠词(the)两种。本单元主要学习不定冠词 a 和 an 的用法。1.a 和 an 的用法(1)用于可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的An elephant is heavy.某一类(2)指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物A reporter wants to seeyou.(3)表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有

22、oneI强烈haveamouth,anose,two eyes.(4)表示每一,用在表示时间、速度、价格的名I go to school five days词前,相当于 everya week.(5)用于某些固定词组中a little,a lot of,a few2.a 和 an 的区别a 用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前。注:hour, honest 等单词以及 f,h,l,m,n,s,x 等辅音字母,发音是以元音音素开头的,所以当它们前面需加不定冠词时用 an;相反,useful,university,European 等单词的发音却是以辅音音素开头,当

23、它们前面需加不定冠词时用 a。 university an hourExercises:()1)Excuse me,is this egg?No,its cake. ;a ;a ;an ;an()2)There is“u”and“h” in the word “hour”. ;an ;a ;a ;an()3)Be careful!There is dog lying on the ground.Thanks a lot. D./Unit 2Unit 2知识高频daily,article,never,table目标词tennis,ride,usually,so,seldom,guitar,geo

24、graphy,bell,ring,end,band,practice,together,market,break,gradejunior high school,on foot,take part in,have a good time,go高频词组get upto bed,1.认识一般现在时的基本用法;2.了解行为动词在第三人称单数后需加“s”或“es”等变化;语法3.学会一般现在时的肯定句、疑问句和否定句的句式;4.在具体情景中能准确地运用频度副词:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never。【单词要点】【单词要点】热爱,喜欢love 后面可以接

25、动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式,构成句型 love doing sth.或 love to dosth.,意为“喜欢做某事”。 love doing sth 强调习惯性的动作,而 love to do sth.强调某一次特定的动作。可与 like 互换。因此,所以在连接表示原因和结果的两个句子时,so 后面的句子表示结果,与前面表示原因的句子往往用逗号分开。 am tired,so I want to have a break.3.辨析 watch,look,see 与 readwatch观看,注视指全神贯注地看。看电视、watch TV看戏、看比赛、看实验以及watch a game/ma

26、tch各种表演等look看,望指动作的过程,表示有意识look at 看 look for 寻地集中精力看,但不一定看找见,不强调看的结果,其后look after 照顾接宾语时要加介词 atlook up 查寻,查阅see看见,看到主要强调动作的结果,但不see a movie 看电影一定是有意识地看,其后可see a doctor 看医生直接跟名词或代词作宾语read阅读,读懂主要指看书、看报、看杂志read newspaper 看报about 5:30pm. 大约在下午 5:30介词 at 此处表示时间,意为“在”。辨析 at,in 与 onat在具体的钟点前at twelve oclo

27、ckin泛指在上午、下午或晚上in the morning,in 2013在年、月或季节前in January,in springon在具体日期前; 在星期几前;在节日on Sunday afternoon;on Monday前;on the morning of July 7th;在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上on a cold winter morning前;在有限定词的上午、下午或晚上前到达 arrive 不及物动词,后面跟地点名词时,应加介词 in 或 at。大地方用 in,小地方用at。【短语要点短语要点】 or twice a week or twice a week 每周一两次。

28、在英语表示频率的表达中,表示“一次”用“once”,“两次”用“twice”,若次数为“三次或三次以上”时则用“基数词+times”,此时 time 是可数名词,意为“次数”。 foot foot 步行go to on foot 意为“步行去.”,可与 walk to互换使用。 part in part in 参加通常指参加集体性活动,如参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗和庆祝等活动。Ex.下周大约有 300 名学生将参加学校的运动会。About 300 students the school sports meetingnext week.【拓展】join 是及物动词,意为“加入”,表示加入某一组织

29、,党派,社会团体、某一人群或某一活动中,从而成为其中的成员。join 后常出现 club,army,team,group 以及人称代词宾格等。 often 多久一次用于对表示频率的词语提问,回答时通常用 usually,often,every day,everynight,once a day 等表示频率的副词或短语。辨析 how often,how soon 与 how longhow often 多久一次用来对频度副词或频度副词短语提问how soon 多久以后用来对表示将来的一段时间提问how long 多长时间用来对一段时间提问Ex.( )1) do you go to the lib

30、rary?Once a month. many times soon time often2)We help grandmother clean her house three times a week.(对划线部分提问) do you help grandmother clean her house?3)She will be back in an hour.(对划线部分提问) will she be back? a bicycle a bicycle 骑自行车 ride 可作及物或不及物动词,表示“骑(自行车/马) ;乘(车)”。cant ride a horse.辨析 ride a bi

31、ke 与 by bikeride a bike动词短语bike 前必须加限定在句中作谓语,表示动作词by bike介词短语bike 前不加限定词在句中作状语,表示方式.and .and .在.和.之间辨析 between 与 amongbetween常指“在.(两者)之间”; She takes some medicine between当后接三者或三者以上的人或物meals every day.时, 是把这些物体分别看待, 指每两者之间。among用于指“在.(三者或三者以Heissittingamongthe上的人或物)之间”children. in the afternoon in th

32、e afternoon 下午稍晚的时候 later 副词, 意为“后来, 过后”。 常用于“一段时间+later”, 表示“.之后”。 the end of the end of 在.末,在.尽头。表示时间、空间或事件的过程。相关短语:by the end of.到.末 in the end 最后,终于 come to an end 告终,结束 end up with.以.结束 sb. with sth. sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事。with 后跟名词或代词。相关短语:help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事help (to) do sth.帮助做某事【句子要点句子要

33、点】 short it is! 休息时间多么短啊!本句是一个由 how 引导的感叹句,其构成为:How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语!is! How fast he runs!【拓展】what 也可引导感叹句,其构成为:What + a(an) + 形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!What +形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语! What beautiful flowers these are! often start by writing “Dear Diary”.“by+形式”意为“通过做某事”。 介词 by 意为“通过.,凭.”, 后面常接形式,表示通过做某事而得到某种结

34、果。常用来回答 How do you.?或 How can I.?这类问句.How do you learn English?I learn English by listening to cassettes.【用法集萃】 about 谈论 .to.从.到. a diary 记日记 sb. about sth.询问某人关于某事 high school 初级中学 the world 在世界上 activities 课外活动 a good/great time=enjoy oneself=have fun过得愉快 with 和某人玩ones teeth 刷牙 close to +地点名词离某地近

35、glass of .一杯. lunch 午饭后Ex.( )1)Tom,please give me . glass of milk glass of milks glass of milk glasses of milks ( )2)Jenny is friendly,and she always helps me my English. ( )3)My father always goes to bed . ( )4)The two kids practice spoken English joining the English club. ()5)Atweekends,mysisterlo

36、vesbutmybrotherlikesfishing. ;go ;going ;going ;go ( )6)There are not any buses here, my father has to walk home every day. ( )7) she was ill,she didnt go to school.;so ;/ ;because ;/( )8) interesiting the book is! an an ( )9) beautiful your school is! a a 10)你喜欢打羽毛球吗? Do you badminton?11)让我们到乡村去帮助孩

37、子们学习。Lets go to the countryside to the kids their study. 12)午饭后,他们出去了。 They went outside . 13)聚会时,我坐在苏和简之间。 I sat Sue Jane at the party. 14)下午晚些时候我将跟妈妈出去购物。 I will go shopping with my mother 15)下学期彼特将要去中学读书了。他将是一名初中生。 Peter will study in the Middle School next will be aStudent. 16)我每月拜访祖父母两三次I visit

38、 my grandparents . 17)My grandmother walks to the park every afternoon.(同义句转换) = My grandmother the park every afternoon.【语法专项语法专项】一、一般现在时一、一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,也可以表示现在存在的状态或主语具有的性质、特征等。一般现在时常与 always,usually,often,sometimes 等频度副词或 everyday/week/morning,in the morning/afternoon/evening 等时间状语连用。谓语动

39、词句式结构be 动词的一肯定句般现在时否定句主语+be(am,is,are)+其他主语+be(am,is,are)+not+其他一般疑问句Be+主语+其他特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句?行为动词的一肯定句般现在时否定句主语+行为动词原形/行为动词三单形式+其他.主语+dont/doesnt+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句? am eleven years old. Are you good at swimming? My elder sister loves reading. Where are they from? Does you

40、r father like playing computer games?Ex.( )1)Whats his brother?He is a maths at a school. taught teache()2)Lucy and Lily study at the same school. ( )3)Summer holiday is coming,Li Lei with his father to go to Shanghai. want二、频度副词二、频度副词频度副词在句中通常位于实义动词之前,be 动词或情态动词等之后。按照动作发生的频率高低,常见的频度副词有:always,usual

41、ly,often,sometimes,seldom,neveralways,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never。表示频率的常见副词短语有:once a week,twice a year,every day,every monthonce a week,twice a year,every day,every month。Ex.( )1)Does Anna play baseball on Sunday?No,she . never is does never( )2)Alan to work by bicycle. go usually goes usu

42、ally( )3)Bobby always gets up early,but Mary and Amy .t always doesnt t always dont( )4)Mr. Zhang is very busy with his business,so he has time to play. ;seldom ;sometimes ;often ;never( )5)We usually have dinner at home in the evening,but we eat out.( )6)How often do the students play sports? . a d

43、ay last day two hours month agoUnit 3Unit 3Earth, quiz, pattern , protect, report, part, land, field,large,provide高频词pollution,burn,energy,pollute,into,ground,kill,知 识目标fact,kilometer,own,catch,few,away,problemmust,important ,高频词组provide with putintofind out throw away1.能分辨常用的可数名词和不可数名词,并掌握其使用规律;语法2

44、.掌握存在句 there is/are . 的用法。【单词要点单词要点】地球,其前需加定冠词 the。on Earth = on (the) earth on earth 作“世上”解,用于最高级之后,以加强语气。2. largelarge adj.大的。同义词为 big。辨析:large,big and greatlarge“大的”(反义词:small) ,多指面积大big“大的“,其反义词是 little,与 large 一样都指具体事物,但 big 多指体积大,还可表示“巨大,伟大,重要”等。great“巨大的,伟大的,重大的”,除表示数量、体积大外,还指抽象的事物或精神方面的东西。Ch

45、ina is a big country.(强调实力)China is a great country.(强调伟大) has nono smell.空气无味。no 修饰可数名词单数时,相当于 not a/an。no 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词时,相当于 not any。m.别的,另外的else 修饰不定代词、疑问代词或副词时须后置。【拓展】other 也有“别的,其他的”之意,是形容词,放在名词前作定语。 adj.一些。修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数均可。 any 还可以作为代词,表示“任何”。 dont like any of them.辨析 any 与 someany常用于否定句和疑问句中

46、Do you have any English book?some常用在肯定句中, 也可用在表示委婉请I have some English books.求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中Would you like some drinks?Ex.( )1.Would you like to have coffee?No, dont want drinks now. ;any ;some ;some ;any adj.自己的;v.拥有,相当于 have。 I own a new bike. = I have a new bike.辨析 own 与 haveown强调具有法律上的所有权Who own

47、s this land?have表示某人或某物“拥有、具有、含有某人、She has dark hair and某事物或某性质”,是比较客观的说法,强brown调所属关系eyes.可数名词,意为“问题,难题”辨析 problem 与 questionproblem指有一些麻烦或困难的问题a scientific problemquestion指比较容易解决或回答的问The teacher asks the questions and题thestudents answer them. adj.意为“活着的,在世的”辨析 alive 与 livingalive通常作表语或后置定语Is the fi

48、sh still alive?living修饰人或物时须前置All living things need air.【短语要点】1protectprotect sb./sth. fromfrom. 保护某人/某物免受.伤害. We must protect the forest from fire.我们必须保护那片森林免受水灾。2be covered bybe covered by 被覆盖 (表动作)be covered with 覆盖(表状态)Ex.( )1)The snow is too the roadsby it and its white everywhere. covered cov

49、ered. Much of the land is covered by forest.森林覆盖着大片土地。 The road is covered with leaves in autumn. 秋天这条路盖满了树叶。3provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb.provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物辨析:辨析:provide and offerprovide and offerprovide sth. for sb.= provide sb. withprovide指“准备好必需品来供

50、应”sth. . They provide food for the hungrychildren.offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.offer指“主动地提供帮助、支撑等”,强调“主动 . The boys offered to help the old.提供”4. put.into.put.into. 把倒入. They put the waste into the river. 他们把废水倒入河中。与 put 有关的短语:put up 举起;张贴 put off 推迟;推延 put away 把.收拾好put down 放下;写下,记下 put on 穿上

51、 put out 熄灭,扑灭5stop doing sth.stop doing sth. 停止做某事。辨析 stop doing sth. and stop to do sthstop doing sth.停止做某事(doing 作宾语). We stopped talking when Mr Wang came in.stop to do sth停下来做某事(to do 作目的状语)et.Ex.( )1)When we run on the playground,Jack suddenly stops and lies on the ground,so we all stopwhats w

52、rong. run;to see ;seeing ;to see run;seeing and fewer and fewer 越来越少。“比较级+ and +比较级”常表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化,表示“越来越.”Ex.( )1)Its summer weather is getting . and higher and lower and hotter and colder out out 发现,查明辨析 find out 与 findfind out指经过观察、调查把事物查出来,搞清楚、弄明白事情的真相find作“发现”讲时,常指偶然发现,也指通过一番寻找后有了结果8keep sb./st

53、h.keep sb./sth. +形容词 保持某人/某物Ex. ( )1)You should keep the window because the room is too hot.【用法集萃】 the land 在陆地上 the sky/air 在空中 the water 在水下 energy 制造能源 the ground 在地下 quarter 四分之一 away 扔掉 a fish/fishes 捕鱼up 抬起into 把倒入. sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 out 发现,查明 13need sb./sth. to do sth. 需要某人/某物做某事一、用适当的介词填空。1

54、)Look!Fish are swimming the water.2)There are many kinds of animals and plants the land.3)My brother dug a hole the ground.4)Birds usually fly the sky in spring.5)He lifted his left foot . Because there was lots of water under it.6)Dont throw the old are very useful fo us.二、根据中文意思完成句子。1)不要把废水倒进湖里。Do

55、nt the waste water lakes.2)我们可以用许多不同的方法来制造能源。 We can in many different ways.3)她吃了这个苹果的四分之一。 She ate of the apple.4)这个小孩能提起这个笨重的箱子。 The child can the heavy box .5)我爷爷是一位渔民,每天都在海上捕鱼。 My grandfather is a fisherman and he on the sea every day.【句子要点】 is important for us to protect the Earth for our futur

56、e. 对我们来说,为了未来保护地球是重要的。本句为“It + be + 形容词 +for sb.+动词不定时短语”句型,意为“对某人来说做某事是.”。其中 it 在句首作形式主语,后面的动词不定时短语才是句子的真正主语。Ex.( )1)Its quite exciting me the Internet. ;surf ;to surf ;for surf ( )2)It is very important for us English well. learn weather was very hot. 天气很热。weather 不可数名词,意为“天气”,作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。询问天气的常

57、用句型:Whats the weather like .?How is the weather .?【语法专项语法专项】一、可数名词和不可数名词一、可数名词和不可数名词英语中,名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。1.可数名词的用法可数名词有单复数之分。可数名词单数形式常为名词本身,且一般要在其前加冠词或其他限定词。单数可数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。2.不可数名词的用法不可数名词不能计数,一般没有复数形式,也不能用不定冠词 a/an 或数词 one 直接修饰。它包括物质名词和抽象名词。不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。不可数名词可用 some,any,much,a lot of,

58、(a)little,a bit of 来修饰,表示一定的量。dont have any milk.不可数名词可用表示数量的名词来表示其数量,此时的名词有复数形式。Ex.( )1.“What do we need for the salad?”“We need two apples and three” ( ) often eat grass on the hill. ( ) like best of all the vegetables.()4.Mum,I am I have some ?Of dont eat too much.( )m going to the supermarket to

59、 buy some this afternoon. and pencil and banana and eggs and spoons二、二、There beThere be 句型句型在英语中,there be 句型表示“某地有.”。句型中的 there 是引导词,本身无实际意义;be 是谓语动词,be 后面的名词才是真正的主语。句子最后面为地点状语或时间状语。肯定句There +be +主语+地点状语/时间状语否定句There+be+not+主语+地点状语/时间状语一般疑问句及其Be +there +主语+地点状语/时间状语答语Yes,there be./No,there be not.将来

60、时结构There will be./There be going to be .当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词必须用单数;当主语是可数名词复数时,谓语动词必须用复数。如果 There be 句型中的主语是几个并列名词时,则根据第一个名词的数确定 be 的形式, 即该名词若是单数名词或不可数名词,be 用单数;该名词若是复数名词,be 用复数。Ex.( )1. something wrong with my I use yours? is was is was( )! some juice in the glass. is are have has( )some flowers o

61、n the teachers desk just now,but now there nothing on it. ;has ;was ;is ;has( )4. no milk in the fridge. is is are has( ) a computer and some books on it.Unit 4Unit 4Australia,footprint,wet,kick,town,blow,everything,trip,shi高频词brightly,picnic,snowy,spend,relative,during,grandparentsne,dry,takeatrip,

62、goonapicnic,makesnowman,flykites,go知识目标高频词组a picnicswimming,have1.能在名词前正确使用形容词语法2.能在 be 动词后正确使用形容词3.学会运用句型:It is +adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.【单词要点】副词,意为“时常,经常”,一般用于行为动词之前,be 动词或助动词之后,有时也用于句末以加强语气。辨析 often,always,usually 与 sometimesoften意为“时常, 经常”表示动作重复, 中间有间断; 表示发生的频率比 usually 要低,但比 sometimes 要高always意

63、为“总是,永远表示动作重复、状态继续,中间没有间断地”usually意为“通常, 平常”很少有例外,发生的频率仅次于 alwayssometimes意为“有时”表示动作偶尔发生。 可以位于句首, 以示强调及物动词,意为“花(时间)”,其后常与介词 on/in 连用,spend 的主语必须是人,常用于一下结构:敲;敲打。接宾语时常先接介词 on 或 at。 usually spend half an hour my homework every night.【短语要点短语要点】sb. do sth.看某人做某事,强调动作的全过程。 watch him get on the bus. watch

64、sb. doing sth. 看某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行中。 watch her cleaning the classroom.m watching him a kite. fly flying意为“开始”。start to do sth.和 start doing sth.表示“开始做某事”,一般情况下两者可以互换,但下列情形中,要注意其区别:start doing sth.用在当谈论一项长期的、习惯性的活动时start to do sth.用在当 start 本身为进行时态时用在当 start 后接表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时用在当主语是物而不是人时 start learning

65、 English.Im starting to cook the dinner. Mary starts to guess what is in the bag. a trip a trip 意为“去旅行”。 take 常和名词连用,意为“做.事情”,表示与该名词意义相关的动作。take a trip 也可以说成 have a trip,类似的词组还有:take/have a rest 休息一下 take/have a walk 散步take/have a swim 游泳 take/have a look 看一看 fun fun 过得愉快,玩得高兴,相当于 have a good time/e

66、njoy oneself。fun 是不可数名词,表示“娱乐,乐趣”。常用于 have fun doing sth.结构中,意为“愉快地做某事”。 married married 意为“结婚”,与 be married 同义。 get/be married to sb. 与某人结婚。注意此时 to 不能改为 with。【拓展】marry sb. 表示“嫁给某人/与某人结婚”。marry sb. to sb. 表示“(父母把女儿)嫁给某人”或“(父母为儿子)娶媳妇”。 forward 把.向前拨【拓展】put forward 的其他用法:向前移将.提前提出 put forward a new pl

67、an.【句子要点句子要点】 about about you? 你呢? what about .? 意为“.怎么样”,与 How about.?同义。常用于询问消息、征求意见或建议,其后可以跟名词、代词或形式。 how deep The puddles get how deep The puddles get.看水坑变得多深。这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句,从句由疑问副词 how 引导,从句的语序是陈述语序。the puddles 是从句的主语,get 是谓语。 want to know how he goes to school.3.Sandy footprints Made by meMade

68、 by me. .被我踩出串串沙滩足迹。句中 made by me 是过去分词短语,放在所修饰的名词 footprints 的后面,作后置定语,表示被动的含义。 1 . on that day,the socks in all pubilc places in the UK areare putput forwardforward an hour,from1 . to 2 .在那天的凌晨一点,英国所有公共场所的钟表被向前拨一个小时,从一点调到两点。这是一个含有一般现在时的被动句。被动语态表示被动意义,即主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。一般现在时的被动语态的构成:be(am/is/are)+

69、及物动词的过去分词。【用法集萃】.best 最喜欢. spring 在春天 warm 变暖 out 发出 on a picnic=have a picnic 去野餐 this time of year 在每年的这个时候 snowmen 堆雪人 Spring Festival 春节 dinner 吃晚饭 Monday morning 在星期一上午 trees 植树 the day 在白天 the north of China 在中国北部 thar time 在那时Ex.( )s from.Hes an Australian.( )!The are falling from the tree.(

70、) going well. D./( ) visit my friends the Spring Festival.( ) are people in the park. lot of lots of lot of( ) is snow today.【语法专项语法专项】形容词的用法形容词的用法1.形容词表示人或事物的性质、状态,一般置于它所修饰的名词之前作定语,或联系动词之后作表语。作定语大多数形容词作定语修饰名词时, 其位置在被修饰的名词前, 说明名词的品质或特征当形容词所修饰的名词是由 some,any,every,no 等构成的复合不定代词时,形容词必须置于所修饰的词之后enough 等

71、形容词修饰名词时可前置也可后置作表语常位于连系动词 be(am,is,are) ,feel,get,turn 等后面,说明主语的特征、状态或身份We have enough time/time enough. He is happy and I feel sad.2.名词变为形容词的方法:在名词后面加-y 可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。如 rain-rainy,cloud-cloudy,wind-windy,snow-snowy,health-healthy,luck-lucky 等。少数以不发音的 e 结尾的名词变为形容词时, 应去掉 e 再加-y。 如 noise-nois

72、y, ice-icy。 is+形容词+动词不定式(短语)在这个句型中,常用 interesting,exciting,nice,easy,difficult 等形容词。【拓展】在此句型中,如果要说明动词不定式(短语)的动作是谁做的,可在动词不定式(短语)前加一个 for 引起的短语,作动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语。如果表语是 kind,nice,right,wrong,clever,polite 等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,则应在动词不定式(短语)前加一个 of 引起的短语。Ex.s (礼貌) to use quiet voices in the library.t be (害羞)whe

73、n you speak English to foreign friends.3.Jack,is therein todays newpaper?No,nothing. important important anything something meat smells .Throw it away.5.What kind of books do you like?I like funny re very .s dangerous with the wild animal. us to play us playing us playing us to play. is in Harbin in

74、 winter. is exciting kites in spring. fly9.他们很难在这么短的时间内想出新的办法。 a new way in such a short time.Unit 5Unit 5diary,space,spaceship,spacesuit,nervous,leave,able,tie,our高频词breathe,if,camera,work,garden,rock,machine,postcard,returnselves,without,weak,知识目标高频morethan,beableto,haveto,sothat,take词组photos,as.a

75、s.,that is,such as1.掌握 will+v.和 be going to+v.表示将来动作的意思;语法2.掌握 will+v.和 be going to+v.的意义区别。3.学会运用句型:It is +adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.【单词要点单词要点】没有,缺乏后面可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语,常位于句首或句中作状语。 adj.虚弱的,无力的。短语 be weak in 意为“在.方面弱”。连词,意为“如果”。引导条件状语从句,表示主句动作发生的条件,有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。Ex.she works hard,shell get good gra

76、ds.不及物动词,意为“运转;运行”【拓展】work 的其他用法:work 作可数名词,意为“作品,着作”。 like reading the works of Shakespeare.作形容词时意为“足够的,充分的”。修饰名词时 enough 置于其前、后均可。作副词时意为“足够地,充分地”,只能放在形容词或副词的后面。不及物动词,意为“回来,返回”,相当于 come back。及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于 give back。【短语要点短语要点】 than than 超过;多于,其反义词组为 less than,意为“少于,不到” more.than 意为“比.更”,其中 more 可以

77、修饰名词、形容词或副词。 Joan is more clever than John.to.to. 把.带到. take 为及物动词,意为“拿,带”,后跟宾语,强调将某人或某物从说话地点带到其他地方去。 want to take some books to the classroom.【拓展】bring 及物动词,也意为“拿,带”,但动作的方向与 take 恰好相反。bring 表示将某人或某物从别处带到说话地点。 able to able to 能够辨析 be able to 与 canbe able to 表示经过努力能达到be able to 有很多形式,可用于将来时和目的完成时中can

78、表示有能力做某事只有现在时和过去时;一般情况下,在一般现在时和一般过去时中可以和 be able to相互换用 am afraid that I finish the task in such a short you help me,please? not able to going to to to 必须,不得不辨析 have to 与 musthave to侧重于客观上的有人称和数的变用于多种时否定形式“必须”化态dont/doesnt haveto意为“不必”must侧重于个人意志无人称和数的变只用于现在否定形式must和主观上的“必化和将来not须”意为“禁止”. I must/hav

79、e to go to school now.I dont have to buy a new bike.Ex.Susan,would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon?Id love to,but I study for a test. to that that 以便,为了引导一个表示目的的状语从句;从句谓语中常用情态动词 may/might,can/could,should,would 等;主从句之间衔接紧凑,没有逗号相隔。 sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事,其中 do sth.是省略 to 的动词不定式。【拓展】与 hel

80、p 相关的短语help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人。with 后接名词或代词。help oneself to sth. 自用或自取某物。cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事。+ +形容词形容词/ /副词副词+as one can+as one can意为“尽可能”。one 要随主语的人称变化而变化,而 can要随时态变化。“as.as one can”相当于“as.as possible”。 read the book as possible as I can. as as 例如辨析 such as 与 for examplesuch as用来列举同类人

81、或事物中的几个for example一般以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例, 作插入语, 用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末 sb. a letter sb. a letter 给某人写信,相当于 write a letter to sb.,也可以表示为 writeto sb.。 the future the future 在将来,在未来辨析 in the future 与 in futurein the future 在将来, 在未一般指真正意义上的将来,常指包括 in future来在内的较远的将来一段时间in future今后, 从此以一般指从现在开始到今后, 常指离现在较近的一后段将来时间

82、You cant go out alone in future. will see even stronger China in near future. ;the ;the ;a ;a large amount of 大量的,许多的修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 amount 的前面常使用 large,small 等表示数量大小的形容词来修饰,而这些形容词前面有时还会使用 very 等程度副词来修饰。【句子要点】 far can you see on a clear night? 在一个晴朗的夜晚你能看多远? how far 意为“多远”,可以引导一个特殊疑问句,用来提问距

83、离。常用Its.metres/kilometres from.to.回答这个句型。 it 指代的是两地间的距离, from和 to 后接地点名词。.How far is it from your home to school!Its about 200metres from my home to school.Ill be one of the students to travel into space.明天我将成为去太空旅行的首批学生中的一员。动词不定式短语 to travel into space 作后置定语,位于被修饰的词 students 之后。【拓展】动词不定式作定语常和被修饰的名词

84、之间具有“动宾关系”,即被修饰的名词是动词不定式动作的承受着,如果动词不定式是不及物动词,就要在动词不定式后面加上相应的介词。Your progress is nothing to talk about. Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth,so itll take us about fourdays to get there.月球离地球大约 380000 千米,所以将花费我们大约四天时间到那儿。此句型结构:It will take sb. some time to do sth., 意为“做某事将花费某人多少时间”。这个句型的变化

85、体现在动词 take 的时态变化,其一般现在时结构是 It takes sb.some time to do sth.,此句型的主语是 it,作形式主语,动词前的 to 不可去掉。It takes Janet three hours reading this interesting story. finish 2)It takes him two hours his homework every day. do【用法集萃】 space 在太空 photos拍照 is也就是说 down写下 many太多the Moon 在月球上 of 数以千计Ex.1)There iswrong with th

86、is doesnt work well.2)Kate,Im going to look after well.Dont worry, will.3)We will have a class meeting 3:00 Wednesday afternoon. ;in ;on ;in ;on4)I cant stop playing computer games.For your health,my boy,Im afraid you . to5)At the weekend we help mother with housework she can enjoy herself. that6)Do

87、 you have breakfast every day?No,I often get up late and go to school breakfast.7) visitors come to the village every week. of of【语法专项】【语法专项】一般将来时一般将来时1.基本概念:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。2.基本结构:一般将来时的结构一般由“助动词 will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”构成。will 是助动词, 不能独立使用,前面的主语不管是什么人称, 其后总用 will。在名词或代词后常

88、简缩为ll,并与主语连写一起。will 的否定形式是 will not,缩略形式是 wont。3. 时 间 状 语 : 一 般 将 来 时 常 用 的 时 间 状 语 : tomorrow,next time/week,in amonth/week,fromnow on,soon 等。4.基本句型肯定句否定句一般疑问句特殊疑问句主语+will+动词原形+其他主语+will+not+动词原形+其他Will+主语+动词原形+其他?疑问词+一般疑问主语+be goingto+动词原形+其他主语+be notgoing to+动词原形+其他Be+主语+ goingto+动词原形+其他?句We are

89、going to climb the hill this afternoon.He will not (wont)go to the party.Are you going to play computer games tomorrow afrernoon?Will he help you with your English?辨析 will 与 be going towill一般表示与主观意愿无关The flowers will come out in a few的单纯的将来,特别是表days.示必然要发生的客观规律Fromnowon,Dannywillwalktoschool.begoing

90、一般表示计划、打算或准Li Mei is going to learn English nextto备要做的事和有迹象将要term.发生或肯定要发生的事Look!Its going to rain.Ex.( ) hope Tin can come to my birthday we a much happier time. have had( ) sister wants a new it to the party. worn going to wear( )3.Mom,when can I go out to play football?Finish your homework first,

91、or I let you go out.t t t t( ) a football match and a concert this one would you like to go? be have( )5.Excuse you wake me up when my friend here?Of we still dont know when your friend here.;will come ;comes come;comes come;will come( ) to space is no longer just a the first hotel in space in the n

92、earfuture. build buildUnit 6Unit 6Asia,guide,area,traditional,modern,sightseeing,centre,buil高频词light,natural,beauty,bridge,outside,dumpling知识高频目标词组the north-west ottravel guide,place of interest,in the centre of.,light up,inding,just,across,direction,1.了解 if 引导的条件状语从句语法2.能正确使用条件状语从句中主句和从句的时态。【单词要点】【

93、单词要点】介词,意为“在.对面”。across from 意为“在.对过”。辨析 across 与 throughacross着重指从物体表面的一边到另Dont walk across the road.一边throug着重从物体内部穿过hThe train goes through the cave.可能的likely 可以作定语或构成 be likely to do sth.结构,likely 在此结构中作表语。辨析 likely 与 possiblelikely表示有充分根据的预测既可由人作主语,也可由物作主语,通常用于“It is likely that.”句型中possible指客观

94、上潜在的可能性不能由人作主语不可数名词,意为“建议;劝告;忠告”。一条建议用“a piece of advice”。. I need some advice from you.相关短语:give sb. advice/give advice to sb. 给某人提建议give sb. advice on sth. 在某方面给某人提建议ask sb. for advice 征求某人的意见take/follow sb.s advice 接受/听从某人的意见/劝告【拓展】advice 的动词形式为 advise。advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。n. 全部,整体。 have

95、 finished the whole of it.辨析 whole 与 all一般与普通形容词一样,将冠whole词、物主代词等限定词放在其前一般不修饰不可数名词或物质名词,修饰可数名词复数时一般在其前加数量词all要把限定词等放在其后all 能用于各种情况【短语要点】【短语要点】 the centre of the centre of在.的中心centre 强调的是一个点,习惯上指空间的中央,如圆、球体、靶子的“正中心”;另外,centre 还可表示中心区、中心站或重要活动的中心。辨析 in the centre of 与 in the middle ofin the强调“在.中心;在.中

96、央”centre ofHe lives in the centreof the town.in themiddle of“在.(时间、长度、过程等)的 Dontstandinthe中间middle of the road. to提到;涉及;指的是辨析 refer to 与 refer.to.refer torefer 为不及物动词Please dont refer to it again.意为“把.提交refer.to.给.”“把.归功They refer the thief to the police.于.”, refer 为及物动词 the wheels roundround使轮子变圆th

97、e wheels 作宾语, 形容词 round 作宾语补足语。 “make+宾语+形容词”意为“使.怎么样”。【拓展】 省略 to 的不定式也可作宾语补足语, 即“make+宾语+动词原形”结构, 意为“使.做.” on on 穿上,戴上。反义词是 take off,意为“脱下”。这两个词组都强调动作,但不能用来表示状态。put on 和 take off 均为“动词+副词”构成的动词短语,名词作宾语时,放在副词前后均可;代词作宾语时,必须将代词宾格置于副词之前,动词之后。辨析 put on 与 wearput on强调动作,时间较短暂Tom is putting on a white shi

98、rt.汤姆正在穿一件白衬衣。wear强调状态Tom is wearing a white shirt.汤姆穿着一件白衬衣。s cold d better your coat. on off away bad bad 变质 go 此处为连系动词,意为“使.处于.状态”,其后多跟形容词作表语。【拓展】表示“变”的连系动词有四个:get多支时间、天气的变化Its getting dark.turn多指颜色的变化His face turns red.become多指逐渐变化He is becoming famous.go多指质的变化The milk is goes bad. the north-wes

99、t of the north-west of在.西北部“in+the+方位名词+of”表示“在.的某个方位”。辨析:in,to 与 on 表达方位的用法区别表示在所管辖范围内的东、西、南、in北部Shandong is the east of China.表示在所管辖范围之外,且两个地方to不接壤Guangdong is to the south ofShangdong.Shangdong is on the south ofon在所管辖范围之外且两者接壤Hebei.Ex.在.东北部在.西南部在.东南部 third most第三多形容词最高级前加序数词,常表示“第几最”。【用法集萃】 guid

100、e 旅游手册 of interest 名胜 as 例如 up 查阅 to visit 游览的地方 the world 世界各地 list of 一列;一览 away from 离.一段距离 up 点亮 night 在晚上Ex. will you go with the students? ;else ;other ;others ;else often do my homework the computer.s cold outside; your coat. off on Bund is a place of .t make the baby .He is ill. will have no

101、 water to drink we dont protect the earth.7. remember tothe photo taken in Canada when you come to school d liketo have a look.ll introduce something about it to you myself.【句子要点】【句子要点】 head was madewas made there. 我的头就产于那儿。“be made in +地点”意为“产于某地”,由于 there 是地点副词,故去掉介词 in。【拓展】be made .的其他用法:Ex.Do yo

102、u belive that paper is made wood?Yes,I you can see that books are made paper. ;from ;of ;from ;of is one of the largestone of the largest cities in the world. 上海是世界上最大的城市之一。“one of(+the+形容词最高级)+复数名词/代词”意为“(最).之一”,当其作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 you like sightseeing,you will love it! 如果你喜欢观光,你会爱上它的!本句为含有 if 引导的条件状

103、语从句的主从复合句,从句用一般现在时,主句要用一般将来时。主句也可用祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。if 意为“如果”。 it fine tomorrow,I will go hiking with you. be4.you will know which books to bringwhich books to bring.你会知道带哪些书。 which books to bring 是疑问词与不定式连用,作动词 know 的宾语。在英语中,动词不定式可以用在疑问词 what,how,where,which 等后面,构成“疑问词+不定式”结构,在句中作宾语。dont know what to d

104、o.【语法专项】【语法专项】ifif 引导的条件状语从句引导的条件状语从句条件状语从句表示主句动作发生的条件。条件状语从句用 if,unless 等引导。在使用含有条件状语从句的主从复合句时要注意条件状语从句中时态的对应:主句中用一般将来时,从句中的动词要用现在时表示将来的动作。We will have a pinic if it doesnt rain.Ex.( ) the robot strong,you can get a new one for free or get all your money back. go go ( ) Bob away from the junk food,

105、he will be in good health. stay ( ) wiil give less homework to his students if he a teacher. ( ) in groups is necessary you want to do well in school. ( ) more trees planted,our city will be more beautiful. be ( ) she ,I will go,too. go goingUnit 7Unit 7知识目标高频词fair,rocket,power,attend,teach,disappea

106、r,surprised,another,amazing,skill,boring,headline,information,ant,butterfly,recent高频词组learn about,all the way,of course,look up1.识记动词的过去式;2.知道一般过去时的基本用法;3.知道与一般过去时连用的时间状语特征, 如: yesterday, ago,last语法week 等;4.掌握一般过去时的肯定句、否定句和疑问句的句型;5.掌握对含有一般过去时的疑问句的回答【单词要点】【单词要点】及物动词,意为“参加”,强调的是发生这一动作的本身,而不强调参加者在活动中起的

107、作用。辨析 attend,join 与 join inattend表示“出席,参加(会议、仪式、Hellattendanimportant婚礼、葬礼、典礼、上课、上学、meeting tomorrow.听报告等)join指加入某个组织或团体,并成为其He joined the army.中一员,如参军、入团、入党等joinin指参加某项活动,常用于口语中May I join in the music club?然后,其次与 next 意思大体相同,但 next 强调“接着做某事”,而 then 意为“在.之后”,侧重于下一个动作,常与 and 连用。then 名词,意为“那时”(作介词的宾语)

108、by then 到那时 from then on 从那以后 since then 从那时起 till then 到那时为止 adj.对.感到惊奇,主语通常是人。相关短语:be surprised at./be surprised to so sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 be surprised+that 从句对.感到惊奇介词,到.里面辨析 into 与 ininto到 . 里面表示动作方向的动态介词, 常与表示反义短语为 out of去动作的动词连用in在.里面表示物体位置的静态介词反义词为 out再一的,另一的,别的辨析 another,other,the other,others 与 th

109、e othersanother泛指三者或三者以上之中another 替代或修饰单数名词,修饰名的“另一个”词时其前不加冠词, 当 another 后有 few或数词时,则可与复数名词连用other其他的(人或物)可作形容词或代词;作前置定语时,修饰单数或复数名词;不可仅用 other 修饰名词单数,必须与 no,some 等连用the other 特指两者中的“另一个”常与 one 连用, 即 one.the other.或两部分中的“另一部分”others泛指除去一部分后的另一用作代词,后不接名词,others=other+些,但不是剩余的全部复数名词,常用于 some.others.结构中

110、theothers特指整体中除去一部分后后不接名词, the others=the other+剩余的全部复数名词Ex.Could we see each other at 9 oclock tomorrow morning?Sorry,lets make it time.s other比赛,竞赛常用短语:have a match 举行比赛 in the match 在比赛中辨析match与gamegame运动;比赛;游戏match竞赛;比赛指有一定规则的游戏或运动,且以输赢为主要目的一般指竞技比赛,较正式的球类比赛、拳击等;用作复数时,一般指大型的国际体育运动会及物动词,意为“完成”,后面跟

111、名词或动词-ing 形式作宾语。 finished reading the book yesterday.不及物动词,意为“结束,完成”。喜爱 enjoy sth.喜爱某物 enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事辨析 enjoy,love 与 likeenjoy“喜爱,享受.的乐趣”,具有满She enjoys listening to music.足感love“热爱”,反义词hate;指引起深厚 We love our mother.的强烈的感情,并有依附感like“喜欢”,反义词 dislike;指不反He likes having a walk after感,但不引起强烈的感情和迫切

112、的愿supper.望【短语要点】【短语要点】 sb. to do sth. sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事. Teachers often ask us not to swim in the river after school.【拓展】ask sb. sth 询问某人某事,相当于 ask sb. about sth. few few 几个,少数,用来修饰可数名词复数。辨析:few 与 a fewfew几乎没有, 少数否 定 意Therearefewboysplayingonthe义playground.a few有几个,少数肯 定 意There are a few boys p

113、laying on the义playground to know to know 知道,了解,逐渐认识 get to do sth. 逐步做某事,表示一个逐步做的过程。 TV TV 在电视上,固定短语,前面不加the。但“在广播里”“在电视上”却要用the,表达为 on the radio,on the computer。【用法集萃】 about 学习 month 上个月 the way 一路上 that 从那以后 on a long walk 走很长一段路 up 查阅 for 等待,等候 pictures 拍照 the help of.在.的帮助下 to 按照 place 发生 the co

114、untrysike 在乡下 control 遥控器 for+名词/动词-ing 形式 为.而感谢 for+地点名词 sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事 to 到达 like to do sth. 想做某事Ex. like taking want to join the Club.s mother is m to hear that.you dont know the new words,you may in a dictionary. up it up up them them up!There is a black cat the tree. boy finished the letter

115、. write is old she can go to school. ;that ;that ;to ;for enjoyed in the park yesterday.s time supper. film is very, so I wouldnt like to see it. old man the hospital just now. to to【句型要点】s time for sb. to do sth. 到了(某人)做某事的时间了【拓展】Its time for sth. 到了做某事的时间了。for 是介词,后接名词或代词。 night before,I was so ex

116、cited that I could not sleep!前一个晚上,我很兴奋以至于睡不着照。so.that. 如此.以致.so 是副词,后接形容词或副词,that 引导结果状语从句。 is nervousshe cant talk in front of the class.;that ;to ;that【语法专项】【语法专项】一般过去时一般过去时1.一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 我们用 be 动词的过去式表示过去的状态,用实义动词的过去式表示过去发生的动作。2.一般过去时的基本用法带有明确的过去时间状语时,如 yesterday,two days ago,last

117、year,in 2012等,要用一般过去时。表示过去连续发生的动作需用一般过去时,在这种情况下,往往没有过去的时间状语,而是通过上下文来表示。表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作,常与 often,always 等连用。3.一般过去时的基本句型分类句型结构例句肯定句主语+was/were+其他.She was ill yesterday.主语+实义动词的过去式+其He played football two days ago.他.否定句主语+was/were+not+其他.She was not ill yeaterday.主语+didnt+实义动词原He didnt play footb

118、all two days ago.形+其他.一般疑Was/Were+主语+其他?问句Was she ill yesterday?Did+主语+实义动词原形+其Did he play football two days ago?他.特殊疑疑问词+一般疑问句?问句Where was Li Ping?When did you go to Shanghai?4.规则动词的过去式变化规律:一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed:work-worked play-played以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,动词词尾加-d:live-lived move-moved以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再

119、加-ed:stop-stopped以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,把 y 变为 i 再加-ed:study-studiedEx. a student last year,but now she a teacher. ;is ;is ;will be ;was2. he go to Central Park?Yes,he did. Liwei,a famous astronaut to Foshan in March,2012. coming to school 10 minutes ago.5.Guess what!I saw Sally in London.Really?I she was in

120、 New York. thinking thinkingsome flowers on the teachers desk just now,but now there nothingon it. ;has ;was ;is ;has7.Where were you last Saturday?I in the Capital Museum. be beenUnit 8知识高频词unusual,interview,model,doorbell,front,silver,push,grandson,granddaughter,newspaper,inside,everywhere,follow目

121、标,hardly,space,should,sentence,magazine,something,anything重点短语living room,be bad for,be interested in,work of art重点语法人称代词和物主代词【单词要点】【单词要点】忙碌的,繁忙的。反义词是 free。相关短语:be busy with sth. 忙于某事 be busy in doing sth.忙于做某事前面的辨析 in front of 与 in the front ofin front of指在某一范围以外的前面反义词是 behindin the front of指在某一范围内

122、部的前面反义短语是 at the backof空间辨析 space 与 roomspace空间,普通用词表示万物存在支出,与 time 为相对概念room房间 (可数) , 地方 (不可数) 指可以容纳东西或为其他目的而使用的空间。【短语要点】【短语要点】 sb./sth.+ sb./sth.+形容词形容词使某人或某物处于某种状态. Please keep the door open. keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事 place place 发生,产生辨析 take place 与 happentake place发生,常指经过安排的When will the wedd

123、ing take place?“发生”happen偶然发生,碰巧What happened to Tom last night?【用法集萃】 room 客厅 a short time 很短时间后 waste of time 浪费时间 bad for 对.有害 interested in 对.感兴趣 to 属于 of art 艺术作品 for 寻找 over the world 全世界 other 彼此 a result 结果 much+不可数名词 太多.+doing sth./to do sth.开始做某事 sb. do 让某人做某事 sb. for=thanks for 因.而感谢Ex. y

124、ou in singing? computer games too much is bad eyes.cant play with have homework to do. much too many too should spend more time .,can you pass me my glasses?I can see the words in the newspaper.,thank you for me.7.Whose kite is this? Its . likes stamps. started collecting stamps two years ago. grand

125、ma collects like collections,because shells are beautiful.10.Is there in the little box?I dont know.【句型要点】【句型要点】 do you think of it? 你认为它怎么样? What do you think of .? 你认为.怎么样?用来询问对某人或某事的看法,后接名词、代词或动名词。【拓展】How do you like.?的意思也是“你认为.怎么样?”【语法专项】【语法专项】人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词人称代词用来代替上文中提到的人或事物。人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式

126、。主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。物主代词为表示所有关系的代词,物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。物主代词有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数的物主代词还有性别的变化。人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyouhehim第三人称shehertheythemitit单数复数第一人第二人称称第三人称第一人第二人称 第三人称称形容词性物my主代词your hisherits ouryour their名词性物主mine代词yourshishersits oursyourstheirsEx.1.Whose pen is this?Oh,its . I was

127、looking for it everywhere.2.Are these books ?No,they are not belong to . ;her ;her ;hers ;she3.Here is a is it?Oh,its .Thank you. give English book to her. English is so poor,please help to improve it. students are helping the old man clean house now.7.Is your brother running in the park?No, is swimming in the river.

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