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1、初中语法训练之名词初中语法训练之名词 ( (含练习题含练习题及答案及答案) )初中语法之名词初中语法之名词掌握要点：掌握要点：名词的分类专有名词和普通名词名词的分类专有名词和普通名词名词的数名词的数 1 1区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2 2可数名词的复数变化，分为规那么变化及可数名词的复数变化，分为规那么变化及不规那么变化不规那么变化名词所有格名词所有格 含义、含义、构成构成 两种形式：两种形式：ss 所有格及所有格及 ofof 所有所有格格知识点：知识点：一、名词的分类一、名词的分类1. 1.专有名词：名字专有名词：名字( (人名、地名、书名、机构名人
2、名、地名、书名、机构名 ) )、与国家、与国家有关的有关的( (国家、国民、语言国家、国民、语言) )、日期节日、星期、月份、日期节日、星期、月份例句：例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go toMy name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go tothe Great Wall on Monday.the Great Wall on Monday.2. 2.普通名词普通名词: : 包括可数名词和不可数名词包括可数名词和不可数名词个个体体名名词词 表表示示个个体体的的人人或或事事物物 例例: :sisters
3、ister、tabletable、bikebike、windowwindow可数名词可数名词集体名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物表示一群人或一些事物例例: :familyfamily、policepolice、classclass、groupgroup物质名词物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料表示构成物体的物质或材料例例: water: water、airair、woodwood2 2不可数名词不可数名词抽象名词抽象名词 表示状态、品质、行为、感情表示状态、品质、行为、感情等等 例例: danger: danger、interestinterest区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，那
4、区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，那么为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，那么为不可数名词。么为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，那么为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glassglass 作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表身兼二职的名词对照表可数可数不可数不可数可数可数不可数不可数可数可数不可数不可数可数可数不可数不可数glassglass玻璃杯玻璃杯玻璃玻璃orangeorange橘子橘子橘汁橘汁exerciseexercise练习题练习题锻炼锻炼turkeyturke
5、y火鸡火鸡火鸡肉火鸡肉fishfish鱼类鱼类鱼肉鱼肉lightlight电灯电灯光光ideaidea主意主意/ /意见意见了解了解radioradio收音机收音机无线电无线电chickenchicken小鸡小鸡鸡肉鸡肉paperpaper卷卷纸纸lifelife生命生命生活生活youthyouth青年人青年人年轻、青年轻、青春春3 3timetime次、倍次、倍时间时间hairhair发发头发头发workwork著作著作工作工作experienceexperience经历经历经验经验报纸报纸/ /试试几根几根 头头4 4例例：ananEnglishman-EnglishmenEnglishm
6、an-EnglishmenananAmerican-AmericansAmerican-Americans3 3、单复数形式相同、单复数形式相同 常用分以下几类：常用分以下几类：表示动物的名词表示动物的名词表示人的名词表示人的名词deerdeer 鹿，鹿， fishfish 鱼，鱼， sheepsheep 绵羊，绵羊，bisonbison 野牛，野牛，crabcrab 螃蟹螃蟹ChineseChinese 中国人，中国人，JapaneseJapanese 日日本人，本人，SwissSwiss 瑞士人，瑞士人，kinkin 亲属亲属craftcraft 及由及由-craft-craft 构成构成
7、 craftcraft 飞飞机机，aircraftaircraft飞飞机机，的名词的名词表示数量的名词表示数量的名词spacecraftspacecraft 太空船太空船HundredHundred 百百，thousandthousand 千千，millionmillion 百百万万，dozendozen 一一打打，scorescore 二十二十其他其他(3)(3)不可数名词一般只用单数，不可数名词一般只用单数， 它不能与它不能与 a/ana/an 及数次搭配及数次搭配使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。例：例：a a cupcup ofof coffee(coffee(一
8、杯咖啡一杯咖啡) )twotwo glassesglasses ofofmilk(milk(两杯牛奶两杯牛奶) )three pieces of paper(three pieces of paper( 三张纸三张纸) )four bottles offour bottles ofwater(water(四杯水四杯水) )三、名词所有格三、名词所有格5 5seriesseries 系系列列；speciesspecies 种种类类；meansmeans 方法方法含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式：一种是表示形式：一种是s s 所有格，一种是所
9、有格，一种是 ofof 所有格所有格Beijing is Chinas capital.=Beijing is Chinas capital.= BeijingBeijing is is thethe captital ofcaptital ofChina.China.This is Toms bikeThis is Toms bike= This is the bike of Tom.= This is the bike of Tom.Lily is the keysLily is the keys owner.= Lily is the owner of the key. owner.=
10、Lily is the owner of the key.1 1、s s 所有格构成所有格构成 单数名词及不以单数名词及不以 s s 结尾的复数名词，结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加只需在词尾加s s，如，如 LucyLucys pens pen 路西的钢笔路西的钢笔 ChildrensChildrensDayDay儿童节儿童节 ；以；以 s s 结尾的复数名词，只加结尾的复数名词，只加 , , 如如 thethestudents booksstudents books 学生们的书。学生们的书。2 2、 几个人共有的东西，几个人共有的东西， 只需在最后一个人的名词后加只需在最后一个人的名词后加s
11、s, ,如如 Lucy and Lilys bedroom(Lucy and Lilys bedroom(露西和莉莉的卧室露西和莉莉的卧室) )。表示。表示各自所有，那么每个名词都加各自所有，那么每个名词都加s s, , 如如 LucysLucys andand LilysLilysdesks(desks(露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子) )。典型例题讲解典型例题讲解1. They got much _ from those new books.1. They got much _ from those new books.A. ideasA. ideasB. photosB.
12、photosC. newsC. newsD. storiesD. stories解析解析: much: much 是用来修饰不可数名词的是用来修饰不可数名词的, A B D, A B D 三个选三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式项均是可是名词的复数形式, , C C 项为不可数名词项为不可数名词, , 因此因此选选 C.C.2. 2. I I havehave twotwo _ andand threethree bottlesbottles ofof _here.here.A. orange, orangeA. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesB. orange
13、s, oranges6 6C. oranges, orangeC. oranges, orangeD. orange, orangesD. orange, oranges解析解析: : orangeorange 有两种含义有两种含义, , 一种可数名词橘子一种可数名词橘子, , 另一种另一种是不可数名词橘汁是不可数名词橘汁, , 此题第一空应填可数名词此题第一空应填可数名词 , , 第二空第二空填不可数名词填不可数名词, , 因此选因此选 C C。3. 3. EveryEvery eveningevening MM r. r. KingKing takestakes a a _ totohis
14、hishome .home .A. 25 minutesA. 25 minutes walk walkB. 25 miB. 25 minutes walknutes walkC. 25 minute walkC. 25 minute walkD. 25 minutes walkD. 25 minutes walk解析解析: : 句中的句中的 minuteminute 应该用其复数的所有格形式应该用其复数的所有格形式, ,只只+ + , ,而不能而不能+s,+s,因此选因此选 A A。4. An old _ wants to see you.4. An old _ wants to see yo
15、u.A.A. peoplepeopleB.B. personpersonC.C. thethe peoplepeopleD.D.the personthe person解析解析: : personperson 与与 peoplepeople 都有人都有人 的意思的意思, , 但用法不但用法不同同. . “一个人用“一个人用 “a persona person, ,“两个人“两个人 用用 “two personstwo persons; people; people 泛指泛指 “人们“人们是集合名词是集合名词, ,表示复数表示复数, the people, the people 指指 “人民“人
16、民, a people, a people指指 “一个民族“一个民族. . 应选应选 B B。5. Help yourself to _.5. Help yourself to _.A.A. chickenschickens andand applesapplesB.B.chickens and applechickens and appleC. chicken and appleC. chicken and appleD. chickenD. chickenand applesand apples7 7解析解析: : chickenchicken 可用作可数名词指小鸡可用作可数名词指小鸡,
17、,用作不可数名词用作不可数名词指鸡肉指鸡肉, ,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple;apple 为可数名词为可数名词, , 故故应应+s,+s, 因此选因此选 D D。6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _.6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _.A.A. roomsrooms numbernumberB.B. roomsrooms numbernumberC.C.room numbersroom numbersD. rooms numbersD. rooms numbers解析解析: room number: room n
18、umber 房间号码房间号码. room. room 可直接用作定语修可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词饰后面的名词 . . 类似的还有类似的还有 my phsics teacher,my phsics teacher,two bus driverstwo bus drivers 等等. .应选应选 C C。7. 7. SheShe hashas beenbeen inin TianjinTianjin forfor tenten years.years. TianjinTianjin hashasbecome her second _.become her second _.A.A. family
19、familyB.B. househouseC.C. homehomeD.D.roomroom解析解析: family: family 指的是家庭或是家庭成员指的是家庭或是家庭成员; house; house 指的是房指的是房子子( (住所住所); ); roomroom 指的是房间指的是房间; ;而而 homehome 指的是家指的是家, , 因此因此选选 C.C.8. _ mothers8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, becausecouldnt go to the meeting, becausethey have gone to Shang
20、hai .they have gone to Shanghai .A.A. MaryMary andand PetersPetersB.B. MaryMary andandPeterPeterC.C. MarysMarys andand PeterPeterD.D. MarysMarys andandPetersPeters解析解析: : 此句中此句中 “mothersmothers是复数是复数, ,表示两个人各自的母表示两个人各自的母8 8亲亲, , 因此应选因此应选 D D 。9.9. LiLi LeiLei hashas beenbeen toto _ manymanytimestime
21、s thisthismonth.month.A.A. herher uncleuncleB.B. herher unclesunclesC.C. herher unclesunclesD. auntsD. aunts解析解析: : 此句意为此句意为 “李雷这个去她舅舅家屡次“李雷这个去她舅舅家屡次. . 表示具表示具体场所时体场所时, , 可省去所有格后面的名词可省去所有格后面的名词. .因此选因此选 B B。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in10. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt
22、 _ inteaching.teaching.A. many experiencesA. many experiencesB. much experienceB. much experienceC. an experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experienceD. a lot experience解析解析: : experienceexperience 作作 “经验“经验 讲时是不可数名词讲时是不可数名词, , 作作“经历讲时是可数名词“经历讲时是可数名词 . . 本句中应理解为本句中应理解为 “经验“经验, ,因此是不可数名词因此是不可数名词, , 排除排
23、除 A A C.C. 又因又因 a a lotlotofof , , lotslotsof,of,plenty ofplenty of 只用于肯定句只用于肯定句, , 不用于否认句不用于否认句, , 因此选因此选 B B。11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago.11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago.A.A. youyouB.B. youryourC.C. youryour sistersisterD. your sistersD. your sisters解析解析: : 此题考查名词的双重
24、所有格此题考查名词的双重所有格. . 应选应选 D D 。12.12. A Agroupgroupofof _ areare talkingtalking withwith twotwo_._.A.A.Frenchmen,Frenchmen,GermansGermansB.B.9 9Germans ,FrenchmansGermans ,FrenchmansC.C. FrenchmansFrenchmans , , GermenGermenD.D. GermenGermen , ,FrenchmenFrenchmen解解 析析 : :FrenchmanFrenchman是是 复复 合合 词词
25、, , 其其 复复 数数 形形 式式 为为Frenchmen;Frenchmen; GermanGerman 的复数为直接在单词末尾的复数为直接在单词末尾 +S,+S, 应应选选 A.A.13.The team _13.The team _having a meeting .having a meeting .A.A. is isB.B. areareC.C. amamD.D.bebe解析解析: : teamteam 是一个集合名词是一个集合名词, ,即可表示复数意义即可表示复数意义( (指整个指整个小组小组) ,) , 也可指小组中的成员也可指小组中的成员( (表示复数表示复数), ), 此
26、题意为后者此题意为后者, ,因此选因此选 B B。14.14. “Would“Would youyou likelike _?_?“ “_,_,please.please.A.A. drink,drink, ThreeThree coffeescoffeesB.B. a a cupcup ofof drink,drink,CoffeesCoffeesC.C. a a drink,drink, A A coffeecoffeeD.D. a a drink,drink, ThreeThreecups of coffeescups of coffees解析解析: drink: drink 和和cof
27、feecoffee是不可数名词是不可数名词, , 可以用可以用ofof来表示来表示数量数量, eg, three cups of coffee, eg, three cups of coffee,当前面加当前面加 a a 时时, ,那么表示那么表示“一杯因此选“一杯因此选 C C。15. The Great Wall was made not only by _, but15. The Great Wall was made not only by _, butalso the flesh and blood of _ men.also the flesh and blood of _ men
28、.1010A.earthA.earth andand stone,stone, millionsmillions ofofB.B. earthsearthsand stones, millionsand stones, millionsC.C. thethe earthearth andand stone,stone, millionmillion ofofD.D. thetheearths and stones, millionsearths and stones, millions解析：解析：earthearth 是不可数名词，因此删除是不可数名词，因此删除 B D,B D,数以百万的数以
29、百万的应为应为 millions of .millions of .因此选因此选 A A。名词练习题名词练习题1. 1.This is _ reading-room.This is _ reading-room.A.A. thethe teachersteachersB.B. teachersteachersC.C. teachersteachersD.D.the teachersthe teachers2. 2.Nothing was found but _ broken.Nothing was found but _ broken.A.A. thethe roomroom windowwi
30、ndowB.B. thethe roomsrooms windowwindow C.C. thetheroom of the windowroom of the windowD. the window of roomD. the window of room3. 3.How many_ would you like?How many_ would you like?A.A. paperpaperB.B. breadbreadC.C. piecespieces ofof paperspapersD.D. piecespiecesof breadof bread4. 4.He was praise
31、d for his _.He was praised for his _.A. braveA. braveB. braveryB. braveryC. bravelyC. bravelyD. great braveD. great brave5. 5.Please get me a new _ when you go to town.Please get me a new _ when you go to town.A. clothesA. clothesB. dressB. dressC. clothing D. trousersC. clothing D. trousers6. 6.The
32、re are 34_ doctors in the hospital.There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. womanA. womanB. women C. womans D. womensB. women C. womans D. womens11117. 7.Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.A. bambooA. bambooB. bamboos C. kinds of bambooB. ba
33、mboos C. kinds of bambooD. kindsD. kindsof bamboosof bamboos8. 8.He was born in this town and now he lives in _.He was born in this town and now he lives in _.A.A. BuildingBuilding secondsecondB.B. BuildingBuilding TwoTwo C.C. thethe BuildingBuildingTwoTwoD. Building the SecondD. Building the Second
34、9. 9.Old as he is, he has _to do every day.Old as he is, he has _to do every day.A. a lot of workA. a lot of workB. much worksB. much worksC.C. lotslots ofof homeworkshomeworksD.D. quitequite a a lotlot ofofhomeworkshomeworks10.10.Jacks roomJacks room is furnished with _. is furnished with _.A.A. ne
35、wnew furnituresfurnituresB.B. manymany newnewfurnituresfurnituresC.C. manymany newnew piecespieces ofof furnituresfurnituresD.D. manymany newnewpieces of furniturepieces of furniture11.11.Have you read _newspaper yet?Have you read _newspaper yet?A. todaysA. todaysB. TodaysB. TodaysC. theC. the today
36、stodaysD. your todaysD. your todays12.12.Its not far, only _walk from here to our school.Its not far, only _walk from here to our school.A. a ten minutesA. a ten minutesB. ten minutesB. ten minutesC. a ten minutesC. a ten minutesD. ten minutesD. ten minutes13.13.Last month, he wrote me _letter.Last
37、month, he wrote me _letter.A. a 1000-wordA. a 1000-wordB. 1000 wordsB. 1000 words1212C. a 1000-wordsC. a 1000-wordsD. 1000 wordsD. 1000 words14.14.He had a _sleep yesterday.He had a _sleep yesterday.A. a good nightA. a good nightB. a good-nightB. a good-nightC. a good nightsC. a good nightsD. goodD.
38、 good- -nightsnights15.15._is not a long way to drive._is not a long way to drive.A. Three miles distanceA. Three miles distanceB. Three-mile distanceB. Three-mile distanceC.C. Three miles distanceThree miles distanceD. A three-mile-distanceD. A three-mile-distance16.16.His isnt fit for the work. Pl
39、ease get me _.His isnt fit for the work. Please get me _.A. something elseA. something elseB. somebody elseB. somebody elseC. someone elsesC. someone elsesD. somebodys elseD. somebodys else17.17.Do you know how large _ is?Do you know how large _ is?A. population of ChinaA. population of ChinaB. Chin
40、ese populationB. Chinese populationC. China populationC. China populationD. Chinas populationD. Chinas population18.18._ is too much for the boy to carry._ is too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weightA. The box weightB. The boxs weightB. The boxs weightC. The weight of the boxC. The weight of
41、the boxD. The box of the weightD. The box of the weight19.19.Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest _ shop?Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest _ shop?A. shoesA. shoesB. shoeB. shoeC. shoesC. shoesD. shoesD. shoes20.20.What _ weather were having these days!What _ weather were having these days!A
42、. niceA. niceB. a niceB. a niceC. a badC. a badD. worseD. worse21.21.They say that the meeting will be _.They say that the meeting will be _.1313A. of very importantA. of very importantB. great importanceB. great importanceC. of great importanceC. of great importanceD. great importantD. great import
43、ant22.22.Im going to call at _ this evening.Im going to call at _ this evening.A. Mr BlackA. Mr BlackB. the BlacksB. the BlacksC. Mr BlacksC. Mr BlacksD. BlacksD. Blacks23.23.WhatWhat DarwinDarwin saidsaid waswas anan attackattack onon peoplespeoplesreligious _.religious _.A. beliefA. beliefB. belie
44、fsB. beliefsC. beliefsC. beliefsD. believsD. believs24.24.There are some _waiting for you outside.There are some _waiting for you outside.A. GermanA. GermanB. AmericanB. AmericanC. grown-upC. grown-upD. JapaneseD. Japanese25.25.Their factory has developed a kind of _ to helpTheir factory has develop
45、ed a kind of _ to helppeople walk.people walk.A. machineA. machineB. machinesB. machinesC. a machineC. a machineD. the machineD. the machine26.26.Therere many _ in my brothers album.Therere many _ in my brothers album.A. leafsA. leafsB. toysB. toysC. booksC. booksD. stampsD. stamps27.27.Yesterday I
46、went to the super market and boughtYesterday I went to the super market and boughta lot of _.a lot of _.A. tomatoesA. tomatoesB. potatosB. potatosC. vegetableC. vegetableD. meatsD. meats141428.28.Upon hearing what I said, his _ rose.Upon hearing what I said, his _ rose.A. angerA. angerB. angryB. ang
47、ryC. angrilyC. angrilyD. angrinessD. angriness29.29.Excuse me, can you change this _ for me?Excuse me, can you change this _ for me?A. five-pound noteA. five-pound noteB. five pounds noteB. five pounds noteC. five-pound notesC. five-pound notesD. five pounds notesD. five pounds notes30.30.You have t
48、o make _ for your journeyYou have to make _ for your journeyA. preparingA. preparingB. preparationB. preparationC. a preparationC. a preparationD. preparationsD. preparations31.31.While washing up, she broke a _.While washing up, she broke a _.A. glass wineA. glass wineB. wine glassB. wine glassC. g
49、lass of wineC. glass of wineD. wine of glassD. wine of glass32.32.You have worked out the plan and now we mustYou have worked out the plan and now we mustput it into _.put it into _.A. fallA. fallB. realityB. realityC. practice D. deedC. practice D. deed33.33.Heres my card, Lets keep in _Heres my ca
50、rd, Lets keep in _._.A. touchA. touchB. relationB. relationC. connectionC. connectionD. friendshipD. friendship34.34.IllIll looklook intointo thethe mattermatter asas soonsoon asas possible, justpossible, justhave a little _.have a little _.A. waitA. waitB. timeB. timeC. patienceC. patienceD. restD.
51、 rest35.35.If If byby anyany chancechance someonesomeone comescomes toto seesee me,me, askaskhim or her to leave a _.him or her to leave a _.A. messageA. messageB. letterB. letterC. sentenceC. sentenceD. noticeD. notice151536.36.We walked all the _ to the museum.We walked all the _ to the museum.A.
52、tripA. tripB. roadB. roadC. wayC. wayD. journeyD. journey37.37.ScientistsScientists areare watchingwatching forfor thethe earliestearliest _ ofofharmful _ on the worlds weather.harmful _ on the worlds weather.A. signs; effectsA. signs; effectsB. marks; affectB. marks; affectC. tracks; affectionsC. t
53、racks; affectionsD. instance; effectionsD. instance; effections38.38.These young people are now making an active _These young people are now making an active _to save the old temple.to save the old temple.A. partA. partB. effortC. decisionB. effortC. decisionD. planD. plan39.39.DontDont pushpush tot
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