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1、UNIT 4 SUPER KIDS AND SUPER PROBLEMS热依汗古依马木2011级新闻学硕班107551100375New words1.Precociousprikusa.(ofachild)havingdevelopedcertainabilitiesorinclinationsatanearlieragethanusual早熟的aprecociouschild早熟的孩子;aprecociousachievement早熟的成就【例句】Childhoodhardshipsmaturedinhimaprecocioussenseofresponsibility.童年的艰苦生活使他
2、提早形成了一种过早具有的责任感。【同义词】 advanced,forward,premature【反义词】backward2.Assumptionsmpnn.sth.youconsiderlikelytobetrueeventhoughyouhavenoproof假定；臆断 ；担任，承担【例句】Theprojectwaspredicatedontheassumptionthattheeconomywasexpanding.这一计划是以经济发展的设想为依据的。【反义词】 conclusion3.Rot rtn.腐烂,腐蚀,败坏,胡话v.腐烂,使.枯朽,消瘦n.decay;(theprocesso
3、f)decaying腐烂； 腐坏【同义词】 crumble， decay， disintegrate， spoil【例句】Themeatwillrotifitisntkeptcool.肉如果不冷藏就会腐败。Withoutpatriotismthenationwillrot.没有爱国精神，国家就逐渐衰退。4.Packpkn.themaingroupoftheleaderinaraceorcompetition;agroupofwildanimalsthatliveandhunttogether,oragroupofpeoplewhodosth.together(赛跑或竞争中领跑者身后的)人群；兽
4、群；一帮人n.一群,一副,包裹,一包v.包装,解雇,塞满,收拾行李,佩戴【同义词】 boxcramfillloadstowstuff【反义词】 unpack【例句】Thewindpackedthesnowagainstthewall.风把雪吹得堆积在墙边。5.Presumeprizju:mthinksth.Istruebecauseitislikely,althoughyoucannotbecertain假设；认为【同义词】assume， fancy， guess， imagine，imply， infer，suppose，surmise， think【例句】MayIpresumetoadvi
5、seyou?我可以冒昧向你进一言吗？Ididntpresumetointerpretit.我不敢对这一点妄加解释6.Normn:mn.sth.thatitisusual,typicalorstandard标准；规范【同义词】 average【例句】Criminalbehaviourseemtobethenorminthisneighbourhood.犯罪行为似乎是这一带的正常现象。7.Parentingprntsn.theactivityofbringingupandlookingafterthechild(父母)对子女的养育动词parent的现在分词【例句】Andalways,nomatte
6、rwhattheirmoodormine,theyneededparentingfromme.但有一条不变的是,不管他们情绪和我的情绪如何,他们需要我的父爱。8.Contemporarykntempia.relatingtothepresenttime;aliveorexistingatthesametimesasaparticulareventorperson当代的， 同时代的【同义词】contemporaneous【例句】Myparentsthinkthatthecontemporaryyoungpeoplehavenorespectforauthority.我父母认为现在的年轻人不尊重权
7、威9.Tremendoustrimendsa.verygreat;extremelygood,extraordinary巨大的；极好的，精彩的【同义词】enormous， gigantic， gloriousgreat， hugeimmensemagnificent， marvelous， sensational【例句】Hehasatremendousholdoverhisyoungerbrother.他对他弟弟很有影响。10.Wailweilv.cryorcomplainaboutSth.Inaloudhighvoice大声呼叫；高声抱怨【同义词】 cry,scream,screech,sh
8、riek,squeal【反义词】joy【例句】Ivelostallmymoney!shewailed.她哭著说:我的钱都丢了!11.Prestigiousprestisimua.inspiringrespectandadmiration;havinghighstatus有威信的；有声望的；地位显赫的【同义词】esteemed,honored【例句】BeijingUniversityisoneofChinastwomostprestigiouscolleges.北京大学是中国最有名望的两所高等学府之一12.Pregnancypregnnsin.theconditionorperiodofbein
9、gpregnant怀孕；妊娠期【同义词】 gestationmaternity【例句】Hersecondpregnancywaseasy.她第二次怀孕很轻松13.Screenskri:nvt.Findoutinformationaboutpeopleinordertodecidewhethertheyaresuitableforsth.帅选；审查【同义词】 analyze,check,【例句】Thecameralensmustbescreenedfromdirectsunlight.照相机的镜头不可受到阳光的直射。14.Enrichedinrita.(quantityorquality)imp
10、rovedbyaddingsth.Toit强化的；内容加深的【同义词】better,enhance,improve,【例句】Theexpandingeconomyenrichedthepeasants.不断发展的经济使农民们富裕起来15.Acceleratedkselreita.(aprogramoflearning)allowingacademicallyablechildrentoprogressthroughschoolmorerapidlythanothers(课程学习)跳级的；加快的【同义词】hasten,hurry,quicken,speedup【反义词】decelerate,re
11、tard【例句】Thecaracceleratedawayandwassoonjustaspeckonthehorizon.汽车加大油门开走了，不一会儿就消失在地平线上，看上去只有一个小点了16.Exclusiveiksklu:siva.veryexpensiveandthereforeavailableonlytotheveryrich高档的；豪华的【反义词】inclusiveexclusiveclubs;anexclusiverestaurantsandshops.高级俱乐部;高级饭店和店铺【例句】Hemovesinexclusivesocialcirclesandbelongstothe
12、mostexclusiveclubs.他活动于社交甚严的社交圈内，而且属于那些最不愿吸收外人的俱乐部。17.Resortriz:tn.aplacewheremanypeoplegoonholiday度假胜地，旅游胜地【同义词】 hangouthauntholiday,resort,recourserecurrefugerepair,resorthotel【例句】Thisplacehasbecomeafamoussummerresort.这个地方已成为一个避暑胜地。18.Exceptionaliksepnla.unusuallygood;outstanding优秀地；卓越的；杰出的【同义词】 e
13、xtraordinary,notable,outstanding,remarkable,unusual【反义词】common,ordinary【例句】Weveenjoyedanexceptionalrunoffineweatherrecently.我们这里最近天气好极了。19.Epidemicepidemikn.aparticulardiseasethataffectsaverylargenumberofpeopleandspreadstootherpeoplequickly流行病【同义词】 catching,infectious,prevalent,widespread【例句】Afluepi
14、demicragedthroughtheschoolforweeks.流感在这所学校里蔓延了几个星期20.Selectivesilektiva.relatingtoorinvolvingtheselectionofthemostsuitableorthebestqualified选择性的；择优的【例句】Sheisselectiveinthedressesshewears.她对于自己穿的衣服精挑细选。Notselective;indiscriminate.不选择的没有进行选择的;不加选择地21.Mentalitymentlitin.thecharacteristicattitudeorwayof
15、thinkingofapersonorgroup心态；心性【同义词】 brain,brainpower,learningability,mentalcapacity,【例句】Itthrewlightonthementalityofhisformerfriend.它使他对他故友的思想有了一些了解。Hehasmanyyearsexperienceofthecriminalmentality.他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。22.Talentedtlntida.havingtalent有天才的；有才干的【反义词】untalented【例句】Sheisatalentedmusicianaswellasbei
16、ngaphotographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。23.Tutortju:tvt.Actasatutor(toasinglepupiloraverysmallgroup)当家庭教师；指导；辅导【同义词】 coach,educate,guide,instruct【例句】HisparentsemployedatutortoteachhimGreek.他父母雇佣了一位家庭教师来教他希腊语。24.Sproutsprautvi.Appearsuddenlyinlargenumbers;producenewleaves,shoots,ets大量涌现；抽条，发芽.【同义词】 bud,deve
17、lop,flourish,grow,【例句】Thesepotatoeshavebeguntosprout.这些马铃薯开始发芽了。Leavesbegantosproutfromthetrees.树上开始长叶子了。25.Interpersonala.oforrelatingtorelationshipsorcommunicationsbetweenpeople人际的；人际交往的26.Eligibleelidbla.havingtherighttodoorobtainsth.;satisfayingtheoppropriateconditions有资格的；符合条件的；合适的， 中意的【同义词】 de
18、sirable,fi,tqualified,suitableEligibletorunforoffice;eligibleforretirement.有资格竞选职务的;有资格退休的【例句】Maryisnoteligibleforanaward.玛丽没有申请助学金的资格。27.Matemeitn.ahusbandorwife;afriend配偶；朋友 【同义词】 couple,pair,team【例句】Heislookingforawifebuthehasntfoundhisidealmate.他正在寻找未来的妻子，但还没有找到理想人选。28.Excessiveiksesiva.muchmore
19、thanisreasonableornecessary过多的，过分的【同义词】 extravagant,undue,unreasonable【例句】Thequalityofurbanlivinghasbeendamagedbyexcessivenoiselevels.城市生活的质量已被过度的噪音所破坏。29.Excellenceekslnsn.thequalityofbeingoutstandingorextremelygood优秀；杰出； 卓越【同义词】 excellency【例句】Characterizedbyexcellenceordistinction;eminent.卓越的，杰出的以
20、卓越或杰出为特点的;卓著的Heistheelderstatesmanparexcellence.他是最优秀的年长的国务活动家。30.Carvek:vvt.Cut(ahardmaterial)inordertoproduceanobjectordesign雕刻【同义词】 cut,slice【例句】Thestatuewascarvedoutofmarble.这座雕像是用大理石雕刻的。Hecarvedmesomeverynicepiecesofchicken.他为我切了几块很好的鸡肉。31.Intrusiveintru:siva.makinganunwelcomemanifestationwithd
21、isruptiveoradverseeffect闯入的；侵扰的anintrusivequestion冒昧的问题【例句】Intrusivevirusesarehardtowriteandverydifficulttoremovewithoutdamagingthehostfile.入侵型病毒难以编写，在去除它们时常常会破坏主文件。32.Initiativeiniitivn.theabilitytoaccessandstartthingsidependently首创精神；创造力【同义词】 enterprise,enterprisingness,go-ahead,inaugural【例句】Iputi
22、talldowntoherhardworkandinitiative.我把这一切归因于她工作又勤奋又主动。33.self-esteemselfisti:mn.confidenceinonesownworthorabilities;self-respect自信；自尊；【同义词】 dignity,self-pride,self-regard,self-respect,self-worth34.correlationk:rileinn.amutualrelationshiporconnection,inwhichonethingaffectsordependsonanother相关；关联【例句】Re
23、latedbyacorrelation,especiallyhavingcorrespondingcharacteristics.相应特点相互联系的，尤指具有相应特点的35.causationk:zeinn.therelationshipbetweencauseangeffect;causality因果关系；因果性【例句】Weatherisapredominantinfluenceinthecausationofcoldinjury.在招致寒冷损伤中,气候是一个突出的影响因素。36.stressstresn.continuosfeelingsofworryaboutonesworkorpers
24、onallifethatpreventthemfromrelaxing压力， 紧张【同义词】 accen,temphasis,force,importance,insistence,pressure,strain,tension,urgency【例句】Icantbearthestressesandstrainsofmodernlife.我不能忍受现代生活的压力和紧张。37.facialfeila.onthefaceorrelatingtotheface脸上的，面部的【同义词】 facial,nerve,【例句】Sheishavingafacialmassage.她正做脸部按摩。Shewiped
25、offthesweatfromherfacewithapieceoffacialtissue.她用一张面巾纸擦掉脸上的汗水。38.extracurricularekstrkrikjula.(ofanactivityataschoolorcollege)pursuedinadditiontothenormalcourseofstudy课程以外的，课外的【同义词】 adulterous,extramarital【例句】Weshouldtakeactivepartinextracurricularactivities.我们应该积极参加课外活动。39.symtomatica.exhibitingori
26、nvolvingsymptoms表现症状的；有关症状的40.permissivepmisiva.allowingorcharacterizedbygreatorexcessivefreedomofbehavior宽容的，放任的【反义词】compellingapermissiveupbringing放任的教养permissiveparents.娇惯子女的父母。41.pushypuia.annoyinglyaggressiveandpersistent执意强求的；一意弧形的【例句】Hemadehimselfunpopularbybeingsopushy.他特别喜欢出风头，所以人缘不好。Butshe
27、insistedandwasverypushy.但她一直坚持,而且很急于求成。 42.disorderdis:dn.amentalorphysicalproblemthatcanaffect失调；紊乱；疾病【同义词】 disarray,disorderliness,distract,trouble,【例句】Themeetingterminatedindisorder.会议在混乱中结束。Thecapitaliscalm,butcontinuingdisorderhasbeenreportedelsewhere.首都一片平静，然而据报道在别的地方仍有持续的骚乱。43.individualityin
28、dividultin.thequalityorcharacterofaparticularpersonorthingthatdistinguishesthemfromothersofthesamekind个性【同义词】 identity,individualism,individuation,personal,identity【例句】Weshouldrespectindividuality.我们应该尊重个性。Heisamanofindividuality.他是个有个性的人。44.imposeimpuzvt.Force(sth.unwelcome)tobeaccepted强加【同义词】 char
29、ge,force,【反义词】free,liberate【例句】Heimposedhispresenceonusfortheweekend.他硬要跟我们一起过周末。45.priorityprairitin.thethingthatisthoughttobemostimportantandneedattentionbeforeanythingelse优先考虑的事【同义词】 antecedency,anteriority,precedence,precedency,【例句】Yourtroubleisyouvegotyourprioritiesbacktofront!你因为本末倒置才出了麻烦！pete
30、ncekmpitnsn.theabilitytodosth.Successfullyorefficiently能力；胜任，称职【同义词】 competency【例句】Andtheirlanguageandlinguisticcompetenceshouldbeimproved.他们的语言能力和语言学知识必须得到提高。47.well-mannereda.behavinginadesiredway举止得体的【反义词】ill-mannered48.decentdi:snta.acceptable,goodenough可接受的，相当好的【同义词】 adequate， correct，proper， respectable， right， suitable【反义词】coarse， indecent， vulgar【例句】Hedreamedoflivingindecentconditions.他梦想着过体面的生活。
