《《非谓语动词系列复》PPT课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《非谓语动词系列复》PPT课件.ppt（35页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、非谓语动词系列复习-过去分词过去分词做定语和表语过去分词做定语和表语一、过去分词做定语一、过去分词做定语1.过去分词作定语时的意义：过去分词作定语时的意义：不及物动词的过去分词做定语，只表示不及物动词的过去分词做定语，只表示动动作已完成作已完成，不表示被动的意义；及物动词，不表示被动的意义；及物动词的过去分词做定语表示的过去分词做定语表示被动意义或完成被动意义或完成的的被动动作被动动作(1)只表示完成不表示被动只表示完成不表示被动fallen leavesthe risen suna retired teacher(2)表示被动表示被动an honored guesta guided trip
2、(3)表示被动或完成表示被动或完成the broken glassthe question discussed yesterdaya divided country 2.过去分词做定语时的位置：过去分词做定语时的位置： (1)前置定语：单个的过去分词做定语，通前置定语：单个的过去分词做定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。常放在被修饰的名词之前。The broken vase has been thrown outside.The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.(2)后置定语：过去分词短语做定语时，通
3、后置定语：过去分词短语做定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当常放在被修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句于一个定语从句The suggestion (which had been) sent to the committee was adopted.This will be the best novel of its kind ever written(=that has ever been written).有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独做有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独做定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如：定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如：left, given, concer
4、ed(有关的有关的)There is little time left. Lets hurry up.过去分词修饰代词时，应置于被修饰词之后He is one of those invited.有些过去分词作定语，前置或后置意义不同This is a used car.(旧车)The method used is very efficient.(所用的)过去分词可作非限定性定语，用来补充说明被修饰词的情况，前面常用逗号与被修饰的成分隔开。A girl, dressed like a student, came in and sat beside me.3.现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：现在分
5、词和过去分词作定语的区别：(1)过去分词与修饰的名词之间存在动宾关过去分词与修饰的名词之间存在动宾关系，表示一个已经完成的动作。现在分词系，表示一个已经完成的动作。现在分词与所修饰的名词之间存在主谓关系，它表与所修饰的名词之间存在主谓关系，它表示一个正在进行的动作。示一个正在进行的动作。This is a letter written in black ink.There are so many people showing interest in surfing the Internet.(2)过去分词作定语表示被修饰的人或相关过去分词作定语表示被修饰的人或相关的人的自身感受，现在分词作定语
6、表示被的人的自身感受，现在分词作定语表示被修饰的人或物对别人造成的感受。修饰的人或物对别人造成的感受。Have you noticed the surprised expression on his face?What came to us was surprising news.二、过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语1.过去分词可放在系动词过去分词可放在系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的态。等之后作表语，表示主语所处的态。He seemed quite delighted at the news.The door
7、 remained locked.2.过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受、感觉或事过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受、感觉或事物自身的状态；现在分词作表语则多表示事物具体物自身的状态；现在分词作表语则多表示事物具体的特性，常译作的特性，常译作“令人令人.的的”He became discouraged.The situation proves encouraging.英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种令人有某种感觉的感觉的”，多用来修饰物；，多用来修饰物； 其过去分词含其过去分词含有被动意义，即有被动
8、意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指，多用来指人、人的声音人、人的声音或或表情表情等。等。exciting / excited; delighting / delightedencouraging / encouragedinteresting / interestedpleasing / pleased ; puzzling / puzzledtiring / tired ; satisfying / satisfiedastonishing / astonisheddisappointing / disappointedfrightening / frightened
9、moving / movedshocking / shockedworrying / worrieddiscouraging / diacouragedThe story they heared over the radio was very moving.She was moved by his speech.The chairman announced the exciting news in an excited voice.Alice read the letter with a puzzled expression on her face.3. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词
10、作表语与被动语态的区别“be+过去分词过去分词”表示状态时，是系表结构，表示状态时，是系表结构，此时分词通常已形容词化；表示动作时，此时分词通常已形容词化；表示动作时，是被动语态，且绝大多数被动结构中的动是被动语态，且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词作执行者由介词by引出。引出。The book is well written.The book was written by a soldier.考点点击考点点击高频考点一：过去分词、现在分词和不定高频考点一：过去分词、现在分词和不定式作定语的区别式作定语的区别1. Mrs White showed her students some old
11、 maps_from the library.A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing2. Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised高频考点二：过去分词和现在分词作表语高频考点二：过去分词和现在分词作表语的区别的区别3. In April, thousands of holiday makers rema
12、ined_abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck4. Ladies and gentlemen, please reamin _until the plane has come to a complete stop.A. seatedB. seatingC. to seatD. seat过去分词做宾语补足语过去分词做宾语补足语过去分词做宾补时，（此时的过去分词一过去分词做宾补时，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表示被动意义或完成意义，般是及物动词）表示被动意义或
13、完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。作宾补的过去分词与宾有时两者兼而有之。作宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。动作的承受者。一、常见的过去分词作宾补的情况有：一、常见的过去分词作宾补的情况有：1.感官动词感官动词see,hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等词后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。等词后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。I saw an old man knocked down by a car.When I came in, I found a strange girl seated
14、in the corner.2. 表示表示“愿意；命令愿意；命令”的动词，如，的动词，如，like, want, wish, order等可用过去分词作宾语补等可用过去分词作宾语补足语，相当于过去分词前省略了足语，相当于过去分词前省略了to beThe father wants his daughter taught the piano.The students wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.3. 使役动词使役动词have, get, make,leave,keep等词后等词后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。可用过去分词作宾语补足语
15、。I raised my voice to make myself heard.They kept the door locked for a long time.点津点津“使役使役动词 have + 宾语 + 过去分去分词”的几种的几种含含义： (1)请别人做某事人做某事He wants to have his syes examined tomorrow.(2)遭遇到某种不幸的事情遭遇到某种不幸的事情While they were on holiday, they had their car broken into.(3)使完成某事（事情既可以是别人做完，使完成某事（事情既可以是别人做完，
16、也可以由主语参与完成）也可以由主语参与完成）He had the walls painted this morning.4. 过去分词用在过去分词用在“will + 宾语宾语 + 宾补宾补”结结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.She usually works in her study with the door locked点津点津The gir
17、l felt very safe with her mother standing behind her.With so many books to read, I have no time to chat with you.在这一结构中，当介词的宾语和后面的动在这一结构中，当介词的宾语和后面的动词构成主谓关系时，则用现在分词作宾语词构成主谓关系时，则用现在分词作宾语补足语；若侧重表示将来的动作，则用不补足语；若侧重表示将来的动作，则用不定式作宾语补足语定式作宾语补足语二、过去分词作宾语补足语与其他非谓语二、过去分词作宾语补足语与其他非谓语动词作宾补的区别动词作宾补的区别1.及物动词的过去分词
18、作宾补时，表被动，及物动词的过去分词作宾补时，表被动，说明宾语是过去分词动作的承受者；不及说明宾语是过去分词动作的承受者；不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时，表动作的完物动词的过去分词作宾补时，表动作的完成，说明分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前。成，说明分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前。We have our classroom cleaned after school every day.When I got home, I found my wallet gone.2. 用现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行且与宾用现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行且与宾语构成主谓关系。语构成主谓关系。When I came
19、 here, I saw Li Lei reading an English book.3. 不定式作宾补时，一般表示不定式的动作在谓不定式作宾补时，一般表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之后发生，但动词语动词之后发生，但动词feel, see, hear, watch, notice, observe后的不定式作宾补时（不定式的后的不定式作宾补时（不定式的to须省略），表示不定式动作的全过程。须省略），表示不定式动作的全过程。The teacher will have Li Lei clean the classroom today.I heard Wei Fang sing the song.考点
20、点击考点点击高频考点一：过去分词用于高频考点一：过去分词用于 get, have, make, keep, leave, order等使役动词后作宾补等使役动词后作宾补1.Alexander tried to get his work_in the medical circles.A.to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized高频考点二：过去分词常用于在高频考点二：过去分词常用于在watch, notice, see, hear, feel, find等后作宾补等后作宾补2. To learn English well, we sho
21、uld find opportunities to hear English_ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak高频考点三：高频考点三：with复合结构中用过去分词作复合结构中用过去分词作宾补，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系宾补，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系3. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already_ for a meal to be cooked.A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid过去
22、分词作状语过去分词作状语过去分词（短语）作状语，它的逻辑主语过去分词（短语）作状语，它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，过去分词与主语之通常就是句子的主语，过去分词与主语之间的动宾关系，即被动关系。过去分词间的动宾关系，即被动关系。过去分词（短语）作状语可以表示时间，原因，让（短语）作状语可以表示时间，原因，让步，方式或伴随情况等。步，方式或伴随情况等。1.时间状语时间状语Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.=When it is seen from the top of the hill, the city l
23、ooks more beautiful.Dont speak until asked to.=Dont speak until you are asked to.2.原因状语原因状语Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.=As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.3.条件状语条件状语United we will stand, divided we will fail.=If we are united we will stand; i
24、f we are divided we will fail.4. 让步状语让步状语Though warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.=Though they had been worned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.5. 方式或伴随状语方式或伴随状语The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of his students.=The teach
25、er entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students.Dressed in white, she suddenly appeared before us.=She was dressed in white and suddenly appeared before us.Although (I was) engaged in the work, I managed to spare some time to accompany him.If (I am) invited, I will attend the
26、 wedding of my friend.(1)过去分词作状语时，过去分词作状语时， 其前面可以带有相其前面可以带有相应的连词，如应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, as through, if, unless, until, once 等，表示时等，表示时间、让步、条件、方式等。间、让步、条件、方式等。(2)过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。主动。Asked why he
27、 was late, he cried.Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there.(3) 过去分词（短语）作状语时，分词的逻过去分词（短语）作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。辑主语与句子的主语要一致。If caught, the police will punish the thief.误误If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. 正正 (4)有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有：示人的状态
28、。常见的有：satisfied,surprised, interested, moved, worried, pleased, disappointed 等等Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word.考点点击考点点击高频考点一：过去分词作状语与现在分词高频考点一：过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别作状语的区别1._from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.A.
29、 SeenB. SeeingC. Having seenD. To see2. _not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded3. _by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. Encou
30、ragedD. Having encouraged高频考点二：高频考点二：“连词连词 + 分词分词”结构结构4. Though_to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. surprisingB. was surprisedC. surprisedD. being surprised5. Every evening after dinner, if not _from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.A. being tiredB. tiringC. tiredD. to be tired
