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1、1. 1. 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法结构的需在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法结构的需要，或者为了强调，谓语的全部或一部分要要，或者为了强调，谓语的全部或一部分要提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。2. 2. 倒装的种类倒装的种类: : 全部倒装全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前是把全部谓语放在主语之前. . 部分倒装部分倒装是把助动词是把助动词. .情态动词或情态动词或be动词放动词放在主语之前在主语之前. .倒装的几种情况倒装的几种情况: :1.在疑问句中在疑问句中2. Do you s
2、peak English ？2. 在在there be 结构中结构中(be可以换成表示存在的动词可以换成表示存在的动词 live, stand, lie, come, exist 等等) There stand a lot of tall trees in our school. Long long ago ,there lived a king. 3. 直接引语的一部分或全部放句首时直接引语的一部分或全部放句首时,有时也倒装有时也倒装.“She looks quiet enough, doesnt she ?” said one of them.4. 在以在以here, there, out
3、, in, up, down, away等副等副词开头词开头,谓语动词为谓语动词为 be, come, go, run, walk, rush, fall 或者以或者以 then, now 开头开头,谓语动词为谓语动词为 come, follow, begin, end, be等等, 主语又是名词主语又是名词,主主谓要用谓要用完全倒装完全倒装. There goes the bell. Away walked the stranger. Here comes the bus. Now comes your turn. Out ran two little boys. Then followed
4、 a shot of gun.完全倒装完全倒装5. 5.当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，如果句子的当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，如果句子的主语主语为名词为名词，那么句子的主语和谓语，那么句子的主语和谓语完全倒装完全倒装。 Outside the classroom stood an old man. On the wall hangs a large map of China. East of the town lies a beautiful lake. They arrived at a house, in front of which sat a small boy.但但: In the
5、armchair she sat. Look! Here they come.8. Only所修饰的副词所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首时介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,主句用主句用部部分倒装分倒装. . Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. Only by working hard can you succeed. Only when he told me about the news did I know the truth.9. 在以在以often, always, once, many a time,
6、 now and then, every other day, every two hours等频等频率副词以及率副词以及well, thus等作状语位于句首时等作状语位于句首时,用用部分倒装部分倒装. Many a time has he given me good advice. Thus was it stolen.部分倒装部分倒装10.当当 never, never before, not , no, little, seldom, nowhere, hardly /scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, not onlybut also, not until, by
7、 no means(决不决不), in no case, in no way, in no time, no longer 等表示否定或半否定意义的副词等表示否定或半否定意义的副词.介词短语介词短语.连词等放在句连词等放在句首时首时, 用用部分倒装部分倒装. No sooner had he got to school than he set out to copy No sooner had he got to school than he set out to copy othersothers homework. homework. Not until a week later did
8、he receive the letter. Not until a week later did he receive the letter. ( 当当Not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。装。) In no way can theory be separated from practice. In no way can theory be separated from practice. 11.以以so, neither, nor开头的句子或分句中开头的句子或分句中,表示某人表示某人.某事或某某事或某种情况与前面提到的相同种情况与前面提
9、到的相同,此结构的主谓此结构的主谓部分倒装部分倒装. I can speak English, (and) so can you. You speak English well, so does he. I have never heard of such a thing, Neither has she. Tom didnt finish his homework. Nor did Jane.注意注意: : 1. 1. 表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定, ,其主语其主语与上文主语相同时与上文主语相同时, , 这种结构的主谓不倒装这种结构的主谓不倒装. . - Your
10、 father smoked a lot. - So he did.2. 2. 若前一分句中包含不同种类的动词若前一分句中包含不同种类的动词, ,而后一分句所说情况也符而后一分句所说情况也符合前文所说情况合前文所说情况( (肯定或否定均可肯定或否定均可), ),常用句型常用句型: : It is / was the same with 或或 So it is / was with Jack is a student and studies in China. So it is with Green.12.在在so + adj./adv. + that 结构中结构中,若若So + adj./ad
11、v. 放在放在句首句首,主句用主句用部分倒装部分倒装.(suchthat结构一样结构一样) So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. Such a well-known man is he that everyone wants to take a photo with him.13. If 引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句, 可省略可省略if, 把把should, had 或或 were 放在放在主语前主语前. Should it rain, the crops would grow better. Were I your fathe
12、r, I would not give you the money. Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk.注：注：注：注：suchsuch和和和和bebe连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如： Such was the result. Such was the story he told.不倒置主谓语序的倒装结构1.在由在由as/though”尽管尽管”引导的让步状语从句中引导的让步状语从句中, 常将从句中常将从句中的
13、表语或副词状语调到句首的表语或副词状语调到句首,但但从句的主谓语序不倒装从句的主谓语序不倒装. Young as / though he is, he knows a lot. Much as the child wanted it, he didnt dare to say so 2. 2. however / no matter how 等引导的让步状语从句中等引导的让步状语从句中, ,常将常将从句中的形容词从句中的形容词. .副词提到句首副词提到句首, ,紧跟在紧跟在however 之后之后, ,但但从句从句的主谓语序不倒装的主谓语序不倒装. .However difficult computer science is, I will try my best to master it.注意：注意：注意：注意： 句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词, 其他助其他助动词放在主语后。动词放在主语后。Scientist as he is, he remains modest. Try as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
