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1、事事实实细细节节题题就就是是对对文文中中的的具具体体信信息息提提问问，即即对对时时间间 地地点点 原原因因 人人物物 事事件件、目目的的等等具具体体信信息息进进行行提提问问。这这类类题题在在高高考考的的阅阅读理解中占的比例最大。读理解中占的比例最大。细细节节题题有有数数字字计计算算题题、排排序序题题、是是非非判判断断题题，但但主主要要还还是是语语意意转转换换题题，事事实实上上前前三三种种题题中中的的选选项项也也很很少少见见与与文文中中信信息息的的表表达达方方式式一一模模一一样样的的，也也大大多多经经过过了了同同义义转换。语意转换通常有三种。转换。语意转换通常有三种。语意转换题的三种类型语意转换
2、题的三种类型1. 1. 直接信息题直接信息题 虽虽说说是是直直接接信信息息题题，但但选选项项与与文文中中信信息息的的表表达达方方式式也也不不会会完完全全一一样样，正正确确选选项项是是文文中中的的某某个个信信息息点点或或某某个个句句子子的的信信息息的的另另一一种种表表达达。考考生生找找起来相对较易。起来相对较易。例例1(2011广广东东) Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me b
3、egan to get impatient and angryshouting at meI put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed. No more angry shouts and no more horns! But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.uWhat did the other drivers do when
4、they saw the flashlights?A. They speed up to pass.B. They waited with patience.C. They tried their best to help.D. They put on their flashlights too.B解解析析：B 在在文文中中对对应应信信息息是是But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited，正正确确选选项项B。They waited with patience，其其中中with patience (耐耐心心地地)是是instead
5、 of getting impatient and angry (没没有有不不耐耐烦烦和生气和生气)的另一种表达形式。的另一种表达形式。2. 间接信息题间接信息题虽虽然然正正确确选选项项的的对对应应信信息息在在文文中中可可以以找找到到，但但其其对对应应的的信信息息点点不不是是一一个个信信息息点点或或在在某某个个句句子子中中，而而是是涉涉及及前前后后两两三三个个信信息息点点，或或两两三三个个句句子子的的信信息息，这这两两三三个个信信息息点点或或句句子子可可能能紧紧紧紧相相连连，也可能不在同一段落。也可能不在同一段落。例例2 (2013广广东东) Fred Epstein, in his book
6、 If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.uWhat do we know about Tom?A. He was seriously ill.B. He was a dishonest boy.C. He wa
7、s crazy about magic.D. He was Dr. Epsteins patient.解解析析：A 正正确确选选项项是是A，其其对对应应信信息息在在前前后后两两句句话话中中，关关键键信信息息是是“癌癌症症(cancer)”“经经历历了了几几次次手手术术(through several operations)”“非非常常痛痛苦苦(a lot of pain)”，通通过过归归纳纳，可可知知“他他的的病病非非常常严严重重”，故故选选A。顺顺便便提提提提，“癌癌症症(cancer)”是是“生生病病(ill)”的下的下义词义词。A3. 综合信息题综合信息题或或叫叫细细节节推推断断题题，正
8、正确确选选项项中中几几乎乎没没有有一一个个词词可可以以在在文文中中找找到到，也也不不是是简简单单的的用用同同义义或或近近义义词词替替换换而而来来，而而是是要要求求考考生生在在理理解解多多个个信信息息点点之之后后得得出出的的结结论论。这这些些信信息息点点可可能能在在一一句句，可可能能在在整整段段甚甚至至前前后后几几段段，考考生生要要对对这这些些信信息息进进行行分分析析综综合合，归纳提炼，才可作出正确选择。归纳提炼，才可作出正确选择。例例3 (2013广广东东) One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolesc
9、ent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote.When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. walked energeticallyC
10、. looked a little nervousD. showed up with his teacherC解解析析：C 在在文文中中对对应应信信息息是是 “He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly”，考考生生要要根根据据 “他他不不安安地地踱踱来来踱踱去去，面面色色苍苍白白，他他的的双双手手在在微微微微颤颤动动”综综合合考考虑虑这这些些具具体体的的细细节节描描写写，再再结结合合常常识识进进行行推推断断，才才可可知知道道“他看起来有点他看起来有点紧张紧张”，故，故
11、选选C。1. When Tom went for the third operation, he_.A. pretended to be painful B. acted like a superheroC. appeared in poor spirits D. argued with his mother解解析析：B 在在文文中中对对应应信信息息是是“Maybe I could go as Superman” “buying the expensive costume(戏戏装装 )” “The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman”，
12、由由此此可可确确认认Tom去去动动第第三次手三次手术时术时，“他装扮成超人他装扮成超人”，故，故选选B。即学即用即学即用B2. What made David change? A. His teachers help.B. His exchange of letters with the author. C. The authors friendship. D. The authors silent communication with him.D解解析析：D 在在文文中中对对应应的的信信息息主主要要是是第第三三段段中中的的in complete silence和和最最后后一一段段第第二二句句
13、But I also learned that onewithout any wordscan reach out to another person，可可知知是是作作者者同同David的的无无声声交交流流改改变变了了David，故故选选D。描描写写David的的变变化化及及其其原原因，前后跨越了因，前后跨越了3个段落。个段落。3. Why did Delta give the authors family credits?A. They took a later flight.B. They had early bookings.C. Their flight had been delaye
14、d.D. Their flight had been cancelled.A解解析析：A 在在题题干干中中找找到到关关键键词词Delta, 顺顺着着找找到到the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day和和 下下 面面 的的 The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flightOur total take:$ 1,600. 可可知知，Delta航航空空公公司司给给他他们们钱钱是因是因为为他他们们坐坐迟迟些些时时候的班机，故候的班机，故选选A。
