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1、高考语高考语法法 非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作定语( (NonfinitiveNonfinitive Verbs as adjectives)Verbs as adjectives)1目录目录（ContentContent）2一、启发导入一、启发导入3 什么是非谓什么是非谓 语动词啊？语动词啊？ “ “非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语” ”, ,就是就是不是不是谓语的动词谓语的动词呗呗! !那那“ “不是谓语不是谓语” ”是什么呢？是什么呢？蓝瘦，香菇蓝瘦，香菇4非谓语动词非谓语动词：一个句子中已经有了谓语动词，并且没有连词又非主从复合句的情况下。 This is the question and t
2、hey are discussing it. This is the question which they are discussing. This is the question being discussed by them. 总结：英语一个简单句只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多主谓结构，总结：英语一个简单句只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多主谓结构，可以用以下方法：可以用以下方法： 1）加入并列连词，构成）加入并列连词，构成并列句并列句（and / but / so） 2）放入从句，构成）放入从句，构成主从复合句主从复合句 3）变为非谓语动词，构成）变为非谓语动词，构成动词短语加句子动词短语
3、加句子 5非非谓谓语语动动词词的的三三种种形形式式 -ing形式形式-ed形式形式todo不定式不定式动词动词-ing：主，谓：主，谓,宾，定宾，定,状状,表，补表，补动词动词-ed：主，谓主，谓,宾，定宾，定,状状,表，补表，补不定式：不定式：主，谓主，谓,宾，定宾，定,状状,表，补表，补非非谓谓语语动动词词在在句句中中作作用用6The boy playing basketball over there is our math teacher, Mr You.In the basketball game held yesterday, every player did a good job.
4、The basketball to be held next week makes everyone excited.7二、考点透视二、考点透视知识内涵：知识内涵： 非谓语动词在句中可以充当定语，修饰一个名词或代词。非谓语动词在句中可以充当定语，修饰一个名词或代词。 8高考真题高考真题1.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special un
5、it caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. (2016高考全国卷I)正确答案：此题考查分词做非限制性定语的用法，有被动意义，并表示过去，所以填permitted。92.A study of travelers (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. (2015高考全国卷I)正确答案：此题考查分词做非限制性定语的用法，有被动意义，且动作已完成，所以填conducted
6、。103.The adobe dwellings (土坯房) （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. (2015高考全国卷II)正确答案：此题考查分词做非限制性定语的用法，有被动意义，且动作已完成，与上一题类似，所以填built。11三、用法透析三、用法透析非谓语动词作定语的主要形式非谓语动词作定语的主要形式逻辑关系逻辑关系时间时间主动主动被动被动与谓语同时发生与谓语同时发生doing（正在做）（
7、正在做）beingdone（正在被做）（正在被做）在谓动之前在谓动之前done（被）（被）将来将来todo（将要做）（将要做）tobedone（将要被做）（将要被做）12( (一一) )动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语1.The house to be bought is for their son. 2.He is always the first to leave and the last to come. He was the best man to finish the task. 3.Do you have the chance to visit foreign countries?
8、 表示将来修饰序数词或最高级修饰 被修饰的名词是抽象名时 常见的有ability, chance, idea, belief, way, promise 等。13【注意事项注意事项】 1. 不定式作定语永远放在所修饰词的 ； 2. 不定式和它前面所修饰的代词或名词构成逻辑上的 ， 又和主语构成逻辑上的 时，不定式常用 ； 3.3.如果不定式是不及物动词，就要在不定式动词后加上相应的 。 例如： I have a lot of homework to do every day. The Whites have a comfortable house to live in. I am going
9、to the supermarket. Do you have anything to be bought?后面动宾关系 主谓关系主动形式介词比较比较: :例1和3。 14（二）分词作定语（二）分词作定语1.及物动词的分词做定语：及物动词的分词做定语： doing -与被修饰的名词之间为主动关系 being done-与被修饰的名词之间为被动且正在进行 done-与被修饰的名词之间为被动且完成例如： Do you know the girl crying under the tree? The factory being built is said to be the largest one
10、in the area. I dont like the food made by Mary.152. 不及物动词的分词作定语：不及物动词的分词作定语： doing-表示正在进行 done-表示已经完成例如： （1）boiling water 正在沸腾的水 boiled water 烧开了得水 （2）developing country 发展中国家 developed country 发达国家16（三）不定式to be done, 现在分词being done 和过去分词done 作定语的区别 例如： 1. The bridge to be built next year has attrac
11、ted lots of attention. 2. The bridge being built now has attracted lots of attention. 3. The bridge built last year has attracted lots of attention. 不定式 to be done 表 “被动， 将来” 现在分词 being done 表 “被动，进行” 过去分词 done 表 “被动，完成”17典题冲关典题冲关1. (2013陕西)The witnesses (question)by the police just now gave very di
12、fferent descriptions of the fight.2.(2013四川)The airport (complete )next year will help promote tourism in this area.3. (2013天津)In some languages,100 words make up half of all words (use)in daily conversations.【解题思路】1）判断考查的是否为非谓语动词作定语； 2) 寻找非谓语动词作定语所修饰的名词或代词； 3）判断该名词或代词与非谓语动词之间的主被动关系。questionedto be
13、completedbeing used18五、解题技能五、解题技能解答非谓语动词作定语的方法： 1.确定考察的是否为非谓语动词作定语；2.分析被修饰的名词或代词（名词常在空前）与非谓语动词之间的主被动关系，若为主动，则可选择doing， to do; 若为被动，则可选择to be done, being done, done;3.分析时间究竟是过去，现在还是将来；4.考虑不定式作定语的几种情况。19六、非谓语动词六、非谓语动词OROR定语从句定语从句将下列下划线部分用定语从句代替1. The computer center opened last year is very popular am
14、ong the students in the school. 2. Do you know the boy lying under the tree? 3. Are you going to attend the sports meeting to be held tomorrow? which was opened last yearwho is lying under the treewhich is to be held tomorrow 20小试牛刀小试牛刀1. Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 2. I like most of the books published in this publishing house. 3. This is one of the questions being discussed at the meeting now. 4. Would you please give me a piece of paper to write with ? 5. The next train to arrive is from Washington.2122
