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1、Text Structure Page 561) Introduction: (Para.1)A homeless man expresses thanks to a man holding the door for him.Setting: a local restaurantCharacters: Shoppers, families, students, a homeless man, a well-dressed man & the authorSituation: the coming and leaving of a homeless man2) Main body: (Para.
2、 2-11)There is a lack of good manners in todays world.Supporting evidence:A. At the restaurant, no one thanked the people providing service; (Para2)B. Women hardly show to people for their help while driving;( Para. 4)their gratitudeC. Fewer men hold open doors for those behind them; (Para.4)D. Very
3、 often parents do not apologize for what their children do; (Para.7)E. Children are not schooled in social graces; (Para.8)F. Rude language is so commonplace that it is accepted behavior.(Para.10)3) Conclusion: (Para 12-13)The importance of manners:In a crowded world, being polite to each other help
4、s ease our daily stress.takeout: adj. （食物等）外（食物等）外卖的的e.g. order takeout food n. 外外卖的食物的食物e.g. Chicken is my favorite takeout.构词法: Compounding 复合法 breakdown (L62)故障故障 put out(生产生产)output (产量，输出产量，输出) come out(出版，出现出版，出现) outcome( 结果结果) let out(泄露泄露)outlet(出路出路) set out （开始）（开始） outset （开始（开始)to buzz
5、with (line 5): to make or filled with a low confused whisper buzz: v.（使）（使） 嗡嗡叫叫e.g. The room buzzed with excitement. 房间里发出一片兴奋的嚷嚷声。房间里发出一片兴奋的嚷嚷声。Be aware of: 意识到意识到e.g. John has been aware of having done something wrong.约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。Beware of :当心， 注意， 提防Beware of the dog! 当心这条狗！当心这条狗
6、！laden lade/ laded/ laden (laded) v. 装装载，装装货，汲取，汲取 load/loaded/loaded v. 负荷；装荷；装载；给(枪)装子装子弹 e.g. Be careful, that guns loaded. 小心，那小心，那枪是上了膛的。是上了膛的。be loaded with ：装着：装着e.g. I was loaded with parcels, unable to walk any faster. be laden with: 满载满载(载满载满) e.g. He always comes back from France laden wi
7、th presents for everyone. Word Formation: well-ppwell-mannered 有礼貌的有礼貌的Well-advised 明智的明智的/经周密考周密考虑的的 well-balanced 匀称的，均衡的匀称的，均衡的 well-behaved 品行端正的，有礼貌的品行端正的，有礼貌的well-born 出身高出身高贵的，出身名的，出身名门的的 well-bred 教育良好的，良种的教育良好的，良种的 well-timed 时机机选的好的的好的 observe: (line26)v. 观察观察; 遵守遵守; 注意到注意到;庆祝庆祝; 评论评论We ha
8、ve to observe carefully whats going on there.我们必须仔细观察那里的动静。我们必须仔细观察那里的动静。All citizens should observe traffic rules.每位公民都应该遵守交通规则。每位公民都应该遵守交通规则。Do you observe Christmas?你有过圣诞节的习俗吗？你有过圣诞节的习俗吗？observe upon 对对 . 发表意见发表意见,谈论谈论Acknowledge (line 28):承认；公认；告知收到；表示感谢e.g. He refused to acknowledge defeat.e.g.
9、 She is acknowledged as the best tennis-player in the world.e.g. We must acknowledge his letter.e.g. We must not fail to acknowledge his services to the town.much less: 更谈不上，更不用说更谈不上，更不用说 let alone/ not to mentionI didnt even see him, much less speak to him. She knows no English, much less German.I
10、havent decided on the menu yet, let alone bought the food.我还没决定吃什么菜呢，更不必说买好了。我还没决定吃什么菜呢，更不必说买好了。He is handsome and smart, not to mention being a good athlete.他长得帅，人又机灵，并且是一位运动健将。他长得帅，人又机灵，并且是一位运动健将。表示否定意义的前缀：表示否定意义的前缀：in- /dis- /inevitable (line 49)inconsiderate (line 63)discomfort (line13)disapprov
11、ing (line 21)disintegration (line72)anti-/ counter-/ de- / im- / il- / ir- / un-构词法构词法: Blending 混合法混合法/ 混成法混成法/ 拼缀法拼缀法brunch breakfast + lunch （早午餐）（早午餐）smog smoke + fog (烟烟雾)motel motor + hotel (汽汽车旅旅馆)sitcom situation + comedy （情景喜（情景喜剧）sci-fi science + fiction （科幻小（科幻小说）beam: n. （日光，灯光）道，束；横梁（日光
12、，灯光）道，束；横梁e.g. a beam of light e.g. balance beam 平衡木平衡木v. 发光，微笑光，微笑 e.g. Her face beamed with joy. e.g. She beamed at me. 她她对我微笑。我微笑。Emulate:仿效；与仿效；与竞争竞争It is customary for boys to emulate their fathers. 男孩子通常模仿父亲。Eager to emulate 很好很好胜；努力迎；努力迎头赶上赶上The proverb tells us to emulate the industry of the
13、 ant. 这格言告诉我们要效法蚂蚁的勤勉。Industry: 勤勉；工勤勉；工业Freeway:高速公路高速公路ExpresswayExpress:表达；快（表达；快（车，运，运，递）We took an express bus home. 我我们乘特快公乘特快公车回家。回家。 Please send this parcel by express delivery. 请用快用快递寄送寄送这个包裹。个包裹。 Chick 小小鸡，小，小鸟，小孩，小孩，【俚俚】少女少女;少少妇;小小妞That chick is really cute. 那个小那个小妞真俏。真俏。 Democracy: 民主民主民
14、主一民主一词源于希腊字源于希腊字“demos”，意意为人民。人民。Demo- 表示表示“人民人民”或或“人口人口”-graphy n. 表示表示“写法，写法， 表表现方式，方式， 描述学科等描述学科等”Demography n. 人口人口统计学学derive from: 起源于，来自起源于，来自e.g. Thousands of English words derive from Latin.英英语中有成千上万的中有成千上万的词源自拉丁文。源自拉丁文。 originate from: 源于源于e.g. All theories originate from practice and in tu
15、rn serve practice. 所有的理所有的理论都来源于都来源于实践，并反践，并反过来来为实践服践服务。oHomestyle: like what is made at homeoShopper : someone who buys things in shops oHomeless :without a home oDiner: some one who is eating dinner in a restaurant oDiscomfort: the state of being uneasy /uncomfortableTakeout: a meal that you buy a
16、t a shop or restaurant to eat at homeDisapproving : showing that you think someone or something is bad or undesirable Inconsiderate :not caring about the feeling , needs or comfort of other peopleDispleasure: dissatisfaction / disapprovalOversensitive : too easily influenced or offended Disintegrati
17、on: the state of becoming weaker or less united and being gradually destroyed Breakdown: collapse. Failure to progressVocabulary : Keys to Exercise 2Vocabulary : Keys to Exercise 2o1. gathered up o2. help out o3. committed o4. acknowledge o5. derive .from o6. was destined to o7. inhabited o8. observ
18、ed o9. indications o10. chasing Vocabulary : Keys to Exercise 3Vocabulary : Keys to Exercise 31. A acquisition B requisition 2. A inhibited B inhabit3. A striving B strides C stripes Vocabulary : Keys to Exercise 4Vocabulary : Keys to Exercise 41.A. hand overB. handed down C. by hand D. handed in E. in hand F. at hand 2. A. ran though B. run over C. run into D. run off E. run out F. running around
