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1、Nouns名词名词考点揭密考点揭密1.掌握名词的概念、分类，名词可分为：普通名掌握名词的概念、分类，名词可分为：普通名词和专有名词；词和专有名词；2.掌握名词复数的构成、用法；名词所有格的构掌握名词复数的构成、用法；名词所有格的构成方法及用法；成方法及用法；3.理解名词在句中的功能，掌握名词作主语、表理解名词在句中的功能，掌握名词作主语、表语、宾语、复合宾语、定语、状语和同位语的语、宾语、复合宾语、定语、状语和同位语的用法；用法；4.能够辨析部分名词的用法区别，并熟练运用，能够辨析部分名词的用法区别，并熟练运用，如：如：family,home,house;work,job等等 名词的数名词的数
2、名词的所有格名词的所有格名词的变化名词的变化可数名词可数名词不可数名不可数名词词名词的单数形式名词的单数形式一般可用一般可用a来修饰来修饰 *acar*abook 在在元音发音元音发音开头的单词前用开头的单词前用an *anelephant*anapple *anorange flowerflowers找规律找规律watchesfactory-factoriesleaf - leavesboxes名词的复数形式名词的复数形式 1.1.复数形式的构成方法复数形式的构成方法 (1) (1) 一般在复数名词后加一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/s/or/z/ *dog dogs*bookboo
3、ks (2) (2) 以以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加结尾的名词加“eses”/iz/iz/*boxboxes*watch watches(3)(3)以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y y结尾的名词结尾的名词, ,变变y为为i加加“es” /iz/ /iz/ *countrycountries*factoryfactories 请区别：如果是元音字母加请区别：如果是元音字母加y y 结尾的名词结尾的名词则只须加则只须加“s s” *boyboysholidayholiday- -holidayholidays s*monkeymonkeys找规律找规律tomatoespotatoesheroesra
4、diosphotos找规律找规律zoospianos(4) (4) 以以o o结尾的名词加结尾的名词加“s” /z/ /z/ *radioradios*zoozoos 只有只有 potatotomato加加“es”构成复数构成复数potatopotatoestomatotomatoeszero-zeros / zeroeszero-zeros / zeroes。 (5) (5) 以以f、fe结尾的名词结尾的名词, ,变变f、fe为为v再加再加“es” /vz/ /vz/ *halfhalves*shelfshelves*knifeknives*leafleaves2.2.特殊变化的单词特殊变化
5、的单词 (1)(1)单复数同形单复数同形Chinese Chinese fish fish JapaneseJapanesesheepsheep (2)(2)变元音字母变元音字母oo为为ee toothteethfootfeet不规则变化不规则变化child-childrenwoman-womendeersheepman-men3.3.变变man为为menmanmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemenFrenchmanFrenchmen请区别：请区别：German(德国人德国人)Germans4.其它形式其它形式childchildrenmousemice 5.5.一些合
6、成名词的复数构成分两种情况一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况 (1)(1)将中心词变为复数将中心词变为复数girlfriendgirlfriendsgrandchildgrandchildren(2)(2) man,woman构成的合成词，每个构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数名词都要变成复数amandoctormendoctorsawomanteacher womenteachers6.6.常以复数形式出现的名词常以复数形式出现的名词 peopleclothespolice trousersglasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数复数 *Mycl
7、othesarenewerthanyours.*Thepoliceoftencomehere. 7.7.可用可用howmany，many，afew，few，any，lotsof, ,some，alotof等修饰等修饰可数名词复数可数名词复数*Therearea fewa fewpeopleinthepark.*How manyHow manyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?不可数名词不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如如: water: water，ricerice，fishfish，meat meat 等。等。 特别记住
8、特别记住houseworkworkchalktimespacemusicmoneyweathercottonhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine 1.1.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数数 *Somebreadisoverthere.*Nonewsisgoodnews. 2.2.常用常用howmuch, ,much, ,alittle, ,little, ,alotof, ,some, ,any等来修饰不可等来修饰不可数名词数名词 *Theyhadmuchmoney.*Hedoeslittlehouseworkathome
9、. 3.3.常用常用apieceof,acupof,aglassof,abottleof等来表示不可数名词的量等来表示不可数名词的量, ,单复数单复数表现在表现在of前面的名词上，而前面的名词上，而 of of 后始终是后始终是单数单数 * *Thereisapieceofpaperinthebook.*Threeglassesoforangeareonthedesk.4.4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可况下可相互相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同转化，同一个词，但意思不同(1) glass(1) glass(玻璃玻璃) ) a glass( a glas
10、s(玻璃杯玻璃杯) )paper(paper(纸纸) ) a paper( a paper(报纸报纸) )work(work(工作工作) ) a work( a work(著作著作) )room(room(空间空间) ) a room( a room(房间房间) ) (2) fruit(2) fruit(水果水果) ) fruits ( fruits (各种水果各种水果) )fish(fish(鱼肉鱼肉) ) fishes( fishes(几条鱼几条鱼) )hair(hair(所有头发所有头发) ) hairs ( hairs (白头发白头发) )time(time(时间时间) ) times
11、( times(时代时代) )指点迷津指点迷津1.Ten years _(is ,are) short time for me.2.A pair of shoes _(is, are) under the bed.3.The number of the students in our school _(is ,are) 2,000.4.The woman with two children _( is ,are ) coming here.5.Neither he nor I _( is, am ) an American.isamisisis指点迷津指点迷津6. Maths _(are, i
12、s ) hard to learn for the boy.7. They are all _( woman, teachers ; women teachers).8. The population of China _(are, is ) over 1,300,000,000.9. There are many _(peoples,people )in the street in summer.10. One of the students _(have, has) gone to Shanghai.isiswomen teacherspeopleh has1.Several_aretal
13、kingunderthetreeAndtheyare_.Awoman;childrenBwoman;childCwomen;children2.Therearethreeinmyfamily.(2004长春）春）A.people B.personC.child3.Moststudentscangotocollegeforfurtherinourcity.A.educationB.informationC.science4.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apiecesC.apieceD.apieceof5.Thistableismadeof_.A.manyglassB.so
14、meglassesC.glassesD.glass C A A D D6.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies7.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheep;foxes D.sheep;foxs8.Theywritemostoftheir_inEnglish.A.businessletterB.businesslettersC.businessesD.businessesletters9._
15、are_forcuttingthings.A.Knife,usedB.Knives,usingC.Knife,using D.Knives,used10.Johnbought_forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoesDBACA根据所给单词的正确形式填空：根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferent_.(idea)2.Ioftengotoworkon .(foot)3.Iknowoneofthe.(boy)4.Mr.Bro
16、wniswearingapairof.(glass)5.Pleasegivethemtheir.(photo)6.Arethereanyinthebox?(watch)7.Therearetwelveinayear.(month)8.Wouldyoulikesome ?(tomato)9.Lookatthoseintheboats!(people)10.Look!Thearesinging.(woman)11.Jimhassome .(knife)12.Howmucharethese?(vegetable)ideasfootboysglassesphotoswatchesmonthstomat
17、oespeoplewomenknivesvegetables1.The rich_not always happy. A.are B.is C.have D.has2.In Britain,_are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box3.There are four_and two_in the group. A.Japanese，Germen B.Japaneses，Germen C.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans4.She was born
18、in Wuhan,but Beijing has become her second_. A.home B.family C.house D.country 5.Mother brought me_. A.a good news B.a piece of news C.many good news D.two news 课时训练课时训练AADAB6.We can do the work better with_money and _ people. A.less,fewer B.fewer,less C.little,little D.few, few7.Beijing is one of t
19、he most beautiful_in China. A.city B.cities C.citys D.the cities8.Would you like_? A.some more meat B.any more meat C.many more meat D.more much meat课时训练课时训练(A)BA9.What can I do for you, sir? Id like two_. A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks10.“Nightingal Prize”is for_. A.workers B.scientists C.doctors D.nurseCD
