2013年考研英语二真题及答案解析

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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to t

2、he cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon

3、revolutionize the very 3 of money itself, only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming? Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper syst

4、em. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives

5、 consumers several days of float - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuers account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate; they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, el

6、ectronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank

7、accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone elses accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a

8、large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy. 1. A However B Moreover C Therefore D Otherwise 2. A off B back C over D around 3. A power B concept C history D role 4. A reward B resist C

9、resume D reverse 5. A silent B sudden C slow D steady 6. A for B against C with D on 7. A imaginative B expensive C sensitive D productive 8. A similar B original C temporary D dominant 9. A collect B provide C copy D print 10. A give up B take over C bring back D pass down 11. A before B after C si

10、nce D when 12. A kept B borrowed C released D withdrawn 13. A Unless B Until C Because D Though 14. A hide B express C raise Dease 15. A analyzed B shared C stored D displayed 16. A unsafe B unnatural C uncommon D unclear 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 17. A steal B choose C ben

11、efit D return 18. A consideration B prevention C manipulation D justification 19. A cope with B fight against C adapt to D call for 20. A chunk B chip C path D trail Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,

12、 B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 In an essay entitled “ Making It in America ” , the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today, ” a man and a dog. The mane

13、reis tho feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines. ” Davidson s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in

14、both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker. In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job ，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just

15、won t earn you what it us It can t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them

16、stand out in whatever is their field of employment. Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, ” In the 10 years ending in 2009, U.S. factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 y

17、ears; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared. There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers

18、to have more and better education to make themselves above average. In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has

19、 access to poet-high school education. 21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_ A the impact of technological advances B the alleviation of job pressure C the shrinkage of textile mills D the decline of middle-class incomes 22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has

20、 to_ A work on cheap software B ask for a moderate salary C adopt an average lifestyle - 2 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 D contribute something unique 23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that _ A gains of technology have been erased B job opportunities are disappearing at

21、 a high speed C factories are making much less money than before D new jobs and services have been offered 24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_ A to accelerate the I.T. revolution B to ensure more education for people C ro advance economic globalization D to pa

22、ss more bills in the 21st century 25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text? A New Law Takes Effect B Technology Goes Cheap C Average Is Over D Recession Is Bad Text 2 A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic include settlers and sojourners. Along with

23、 the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickn

24、ame, “ uccelli di passaggio, ” birds of passage. Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide new comers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigration system and the long political par alysis over how to fix it. We

25、 don t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challen

26、ges. Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today s birds of passage. They are energeticsinparticipant global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them,

27、they can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another. With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever.

28、We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably. Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up th

29、e middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system. 26 “ Birds of passage ” refers to those who_ A immigrate across the Atlantic. B leave their home countries f

30、or good. - 3 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 C stay in a foreign temporarily. D find permanent jobs overseas. 27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US_ A needs new immigrant categories. B has loosened control over immigrants. C should be adopt

31、ed to meet challenges. D has been fixed via political means. 28 According to the author, today s birds of passage want_ A financial incentives. B a global recognition. C opportunities to get regular jobs. D the freedom to stay and leave. 29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should

32、be treated _ A as faithful partners. B with economic favors. C with regal tolerance. D as mighty rivals. 30 Choose the best title for this passage. A come and go: big mistake. B living and thriving : great risk. C with or without : great risk. D legal or illegal: big mistake. Text 3 Scientists have

33、found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses. Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is da

34、ngerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,

35、 like neuroticism or open-mindedness. But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has l

36、ittle to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we re doing, Subjects exposed to-foodfastflashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long. Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to

37、consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understan

38、d their biases-or hire outside screeners. John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “ thin slice ” information rel only after we ground such snap reactions in “ thick sliced -term ”studylong. When Dr. Gottman - 4 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 really wants to a

39、ssess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds. Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few m

40、inutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend. 31. The time needed in

41、 making decisions may_. A vary according to the urgency of the situation B prove the complexity of our brain reaction C depend on the importance of the assessment D predetermine the accuracy of our judgment 32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions_. A can be associative B are n

42、ot unconscious C can be dangerous D are not impulsive 33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should_. A trust our first impression B do as people usually do C think before we act D ask for expert advice 34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on_. A critica

43、l assessment B thin sliced study C sensible explanation D adequate information 35. The author s attitude toward reversing the-speedhigh trend is_. A tolerant B uncertain C optimistic D doubtful Text 4 Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be comple

44、tely family friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards. The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards

45、 to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membersh

46、ip. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up. Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family? - 5 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 “ Personally, I don t like quotas, ” Reding said

47、 recently. “ But i like what the quotas do. Quotas get action: they “ open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling, according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions. I understand Reding s

48、reluctance-andhr frustration. I don like quotas teither; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered. After all, four decades of evide

49、nce has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position no matter how much “ soft pressure is put”upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power-as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Face b

50、ook they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule. If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women-whether CEOs or their children s caregivers-and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in

51、a more just society. 36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_. A women take the lead B men have the final say C corporate governance is overwhelmed D senior management is family-friendly 37. The European Union s intended legislation is _. A a reflection of gender balance B a reluctant cho

52、ice C a response to Reding s call D a voluntary action 38. According ti Reding, quotas may help women _. A get top business positions B see through the glass ceiling C balance work and family D anticipate legal results 39. The author s attitude toward Reding s appeal is one of _. A skepticism B obje

53、ctiveness C indifference D approval 40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of _. A more social justice B massive media attention C suitable public policies D greater “ soft pressure ” Part B Directions: - 6 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 You are going

54、 to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points) A Live like a peasant B Balance your diet C Shopkeepers are your friends D Remember to treat yourself E Stick to what you nee

55、d F Planning is everything G Waste not, want not The hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has 60 a week to spend, 40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning 130,000 a I year working in corpor

56、ate communications and eating at Londons best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well

57、. It gave me the validation and confidence that Id lost. But its still a day-by-day thing. Now hes living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. Hes feeling positive, but hell carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - there are so many people in a much worse s

58、tate, with barely any money to spend on food - but eating well on a budget. Heres his advice for economical foodies. 41._ Impulsive spending isnt an option, so plan your weeks menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week o

59、f breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: its not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. Its also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, youll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy. 42_ This is where supermarkets and thci; anonymity come in han

60、dy. With them, theres not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, youll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller. 43_ You may proudly claim to

61、only have frozen peas in the freezer - thats not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables youll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to go off will be cooked or juiced. 44_ Everyone

62、 says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon youll feel comfortable asking if theyve any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock

63、which, more often than not, They llet you have for free. 45_ - 7 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 You wont be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - 1.75 a week for three months gives you 21 - more tha

64、n enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. Its 16.95 there - or 12.99for a large pizza from Dominos: I know which Id rather eat. 1【答案】 A （However ） 【分析】空前作者 到 “ 于 子 的 ,你也 会 ,我 将迅速步入非 金社 会, 完整 子支付。 ”而空后 “真实的无 金社会很可能不会 上到来 ” 两句 是 折的，所以答案 A 。 B. moreover 表 C. therefore 表 果 D. Otherw

65、ise 表 比 2【答案】 D （around ） 【分析】由空格所在句的 “but ”得悉，句子前后是 折关系。事 上 , 的 已 二十年了 ,但迄今 没有 。 A. off 停止 B. back 返回 C. over 束，与后文均不组成 折，故答案 D. around 出 。 3【答案】 B （ concept ） 【分析】空格所在的句子意思 比如 , 1975 年商 周刊 子支付手段不久将 “ 底改 自己的 _ ”将四个 入， 能 底改 的 象只好是金 的观点 （定 ） ， 而 A“力量 ”,C “史 ”,D 角“色 ”， 都不适合， 并且假如 role 的 ， 是复数 roles, 因

66、 是金 的作用不只一个，故答案 B。 4【答案】 D （reverse ） 【分析】空格填入的 跟前方的 revolutionize （ 革）意思上 是同 替 的，要 含有 革， 底改 意思的 ，四个 中 A. reward 励 B. 抵挡 C. resume 从头开始， ，都不适合，只有 D reverse “覆 ”最 切，本句 “ 子支付方式 不久将改 的定 ,并将在数年后 覆 自己。 ” 5【答案】 C （ slow） 【分析】依据前方的句意得悉，早在 1975 年就 了无 金社会将到来，而 上作 者 到 “真实的无 金社会很可能不会 上到来 ”，所以也得出 种 革是一个 慢的 程，故答

67、案 C。 A. silent 沉静的， B. sudden 忽然的， D. steady 定不 的。 6【答案】 B （ against ） 【分析】上一段末句提出本段的 点，即人 入无 金 代的速度 慢的原由。因 此本段 系 不会消逝来 述。并且由句首的 Although 得悉，空格所在句与前一 句是 折关系。 只管 子支付手段可能比 支付方式更为高效， 但是以下几个方面解 了 系 “不会 ”消逝的原由， 故答案 B，work against 阻碍， 生悲观影响。 A. work for 而工作 C. work with 与 共事， 起作用 D. work on 从事 工作， 起作用，都 不

68、适合。 7【答案】 B （ expensive ） 【分析】本句 述的原由都是对于上句提到的 支付方式的 点，即推行 子支付 方式不利之 。所以依据 个基 ，得出 productive 不 ，最后依据空后的内容推理出 悲观意思的 expensive ，其余 意思放到空格 不合理， imaginative ，意思是 “虚假的、富于想象力的 ”； sensitive ，意思是 “敏感的、简单受 的 ”。故本 正确答案 B 。 8【答案】 D （ dominant ） 【分析】空格所在句 .使得 子 成 _ 支付方式，将四个 入， C, D 是比 适合的，再 合本文章的要旨， “占主 地位的，支配地

69、位 ” 意思的 D 。 A. similar 相像的 B. original 原始的，独 的 ,都不适合。 9【答案】 B （ provide ） - 8 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 【分析】 支票支付能 _ 收条 , 是和 子支付对比的一大 ， A. collect 收 集收条， C. copy 复印收条， D. print 打印收条都和 生活不切合。 是 B. provide 供给 收条。 10【答案】 A （ give up ） 【分析】 短 的 是前文的 something, 指代上文的 advantage ，

70、 支票支付 能 供给收条 一 ， 必定是消 者不肯放弃的。 和 相搭配的 短 不可以是 B. take over 接收，也不可以是 C. bring back 拿回来， D. pass down 、 也不切合。 A. give up 放弃一种 ，切合 境， 正确答案。 11. 【答案】 A （before ） 【分析】 里考 的是 的 用。句子意思是 “在支票 成 金以前要花上好 几日 ”，切合句意的只有 before ，其余三 都不切合。 12. 【答案】 D （withdrawn ） 【分析】 里考 辨 。原词句子意思是 “ 金是从 卡机构的 里提取的 ”， withdraw 有 “提款、

71、取款 ”的意思， 里是指 从 行 中 “被拿出 ”故 正确答案。 13. 【答案】 C （Because ） 【分析】 里考 的是 的 用。从原文能够看出空后的两个句子在乎思上存在着 因果关系， “因 子支付是即付的，所以除去了客 的付款 ”。四个 中只有 C because 能够表因果，其余三 均不可以表因果。故答案 C。 14. 【答案】 C（ raise ） 【分析】 里考 的是 辨析以及上下文 接。 A hide “藏， ”， B express 表“达，表示 ”，C raise 起“，提升，引 ”， D ease 减“ ， 和 ”，四个 中能和 concerns 组成搭配的只有 ra

72、ise ，故正确答案 C 。 15【答案】 C.(stored) 【分析】 句 了 an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information_ there. 一些黑客入侵“ 数据 并且改正 _ 信息 ”依据空 前信息可知是入侵 数据 ，所以 information 是被 存在 数据 中的信息。 16【答案】 C.(uncommon) 【分析】 此 考 一致性。 空格所在句 “The fact that this is not an_16_occurrence means

73、 that ”中 this 指代上文中 that 从句的内容，即黑客能 取 数据 和改正 存的信息。 所以 not an_16_occurrence 能体 一行 的特点，而上文提到 “We often hear media reports that ，”此中的 often 正是 一行 的特点解 ，即 not an_occurrence 等于 often 的含 ， 比 ，只有 C uncommon 切合， 入后意 “ 常 生的事情 ”。 17【答案】 A (steal) 【分析】本 缺乏 ，通 法 构能够看出，主 是 dishonest persons，并通 后边的其余人的 ，能够推定 答案是

74、向的，只有 A steal 切合 意， 上也 得 通，故 正确答案。 18【答案】 B.(prevention) 【分析】 文章最后一段首句 子付 方式的又一个缺点：会惹起安全和 私 。 接下来就开始解 个 象。 空格所在句提到 “ 种欺 的 _18_ 非易事， 并且一个新的 科学 域正在形成来 _19_ 安全 。 ”所以，本句在 的解决 。 18 空格 与 19 空格所填内容 意上 是一致的。 ， 18 空只好 prevention ，即防备 种 欺 行 生并不是易事， 而 C manipulation 是 “操 ”的意思，D justification 意 “解 ， 明 合理 ”，均不合理

75、。 19【答案】 A.(cope with) - 9 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 【分析】此空格解 同 18 空格， 有 “ 理，解决 ”意思的 ， 只有 A cope with 适合。 B fight against 意 “ 抗，抵制 ”，而 是 security issues ，所以不切合。 20【答案】 D.(trail) 【分析】此空所在句提出了使用 子付 方式的又一个担忧，即会留下 _20_ ，空格后 的定 从句解 了空格内容，即它包含大批个人数据。 ，只有 trail 切合，意 “痕 迹”。B 碎片从 上均

76、 不通， C 路径有必定的干 性， 但对比 D 而言，印迹更 适合，故 正确答案 Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Text 1 21【答案】 A 【分析】第一段第二行指出笑 是对于 厂自 化程度的，后一句详细 了然笑 的内容：工厂均匀每日只有两个人，一人一狗。人的工作是喂狗，狗的工作是看机器，示意 了工厂全部的生 工作都是由机器自 达成的。 所以， 个笑 是用来 明技 步的影响， 故 A。 22【答案】 D 【分析】 事 ，通 干 “依据第 3 段，要想成 一个成功的雇 ， 一个人得 ” , 我 第一能够定位到文章第三段，由第三段的最后一句 “T

77、herefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment. 意”思是 “所以，人人都需要有此外的价 ，异于常人的独到价 能 他 在 各自的雇用市 上脱 而出。 ”，我 能够得出， 干中 “to be a successful employee与第三” 段的最后一句 中的 “that makesthem stand out in whatever is their fi

78、eld of employment 是同 ” 替 ， “everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution 与 D” 中的 “ contribute something unique 是同 替” ，所以 D 正确。 A 、B 两个 与第三段的倒数第二句 意思不符，是干 。 C 与第三段的第 一、二句 意思相反，要点关注的是 “But ,today ,average is officially over. ，意思是 ”“ 现在， 有一般水平不可以了。 ” 23. 【答案】 B 【分析】依据 干定位到第四段，第一句

79、technology has been eating jobs（技 使工作 时机减少）也反应了 段的要旨。 而依据 干 quotation 一 ，我 到引号里有 “shed workers （辞退工人） ”、 “roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared （大 1/3 的手工生 工作时机消逝， 6 百万） ”，可推测出 B 。 24. 【答案】 B 【分析】 。依据 干 reduce unemployment 减少失 ，能够定位到文章中最后一 段， 段出 了与之

80、似的表达 “support employment ”促 就 ，而 干表述 “the most important 与”文章 “ nothing would be more important than 相 ，指”出促 就 最重要的是 布 似于 “G.I.Bill 的”法案来保障人 接受高等教育的 利， C 与之符合，故正确。 A 加快信息技 革， C 促 全世界化，均未说起，故清除。 D 是干 ， 提 及要 布更多法案，但 布法案的目的 是 了保障教育，故也清除。 25.【答案】 C 【分析】 是要旨粗心 ，主要考 考生依据文章内容凝 要旨粗心的能力。从整 个文章的脉 来看，第一段以 当 ?大

81、 森一篇 文中对于 代工厂自 化与 需要一人一 狗两个 工的一 笑 ， 揭露了 科技 步 人 来的影响。 第二三段是 科技的 步惹起工 厂自 化水平提升， 一般 工假如没有 争力和突出 ， 就很简单失掉工作， 所以也 - 10 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 工提出了更高的要求（ extra-unique value contribution ）。第四段就是 工只有不停地提升自 己的教育水平，才能 自己脱 而出（ to have more and better education to make themselves ab

82、ove average）。最后一段点明主 ， average is officially over 。由此可 ，全文向来在 一宏 主 睁开， 一主 也 全文，所以正确答案 C。 Text 2 26【答案】 C （stay in a foreign temporarily ） 【分析】 句意 。依据 干，第一定位到首段末句。在 句中， birds of passage 是前方一句中的 1/4 的意大利移民的昵称，他 只在美国居住了一段 ， 但最 是返回 意大利。 A 的内容在首段首句有说起， 可是它突出 的是横跨大西洋的移民， 也是一 世 前的状况，而现在 birds of passage 可能

83、来自世界各个角落，并不是限制于大西洋两岸。 B 与段意不符， D 文中未说起。 27【答案】 C （should be adopted to meet challenges） 【分析】推理判断 。 依据 干，直接定位到第二段。 解 关 可定位到 “ , but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond stick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage,

84、We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges. 粗心是 ”“我 需要改 的是对于分 的思虑方式，打破合法和非 法的 格限制。第一承 短 移民者的存在，而后解决移民 面 的挑 。 ”C 高度 了以上几点。 A 与原文意思不符。 B、 D 在文中未说起。 28【答案】 D （ the freedom to stay and leave） 【分析】事 。 依据 干，可定位到第三段。 解 关 在于 “They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them .They can manage

85、 to have a job in one place and a family in another. 大”意是 “他 随着时机走，往来自如。他 能够在一个地方立 ，在另一个地方成 家”。 的是工作时机，而不在乎工作地址。 D 是 句意思的高度归纳。 A 是 原文 的片面理解，吸引短 移民者的不 是来自金 的激励（ financial incentives ）， 有工作 时机和工作理念。 B 在文中未说起。 C 中的 regular jobs （一般工作）在文中未说起，也是 文意的误解。 29【答案】 C （with legal tolerance ） 【分析】推理判断 。依据 干，可定位到

86、第五段。 干 到 “依据作者的意思，我 （美国） 怎 待 些短 移民者？ ”在本段中， 作者写道我 “Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the

87、existing system ，粗心是 “我 ”超越移民合法性方 面的文化之争， 重 对待中 地段， 充足意 到现在的移民管理系统需要各样门路， 从而取 得多 化的 果，来解决 今移民系统下用法律手段很 解决的 ”，暗含了 C 中的 tolerance 也就是 multiple paths and multiple outcomes 的改写。 A 、B 和 D 在文中未说起。 30【答案】 D （ legal or illegal: big mistake ） 【分析】要旨粗心 。文章第二段第二句中提到 “我 把新移民分红两 ：合法移民和 不合法移民 ”，同 作者 “我 不需要限制于合法与不

88、合法 格的定 ”， 了然 从合法和不合法角度 于移民的分 是 的。此外，文章最后一段最后一句 “包含在 行 的移民系统中不简单合法的 的一些事情 ”也反应了文章的中心。即，从合法和不合法角 度 于移民的分 是 的。故 D（合法或非法：大 ）。 A 到短 移民者的移 是个 ，偏离了文章要旨。 B 和 C 的是 risk（ ），文中并未说起，偏离文章要旨。 Text 3 - 11 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 31【答案】 D predetermine the accuracy of our judgment 【分析】细节题

89、。题干问的是 “作决定过程中所需的时间能够 _ ”。文章第一段提到 “假如我们在做出反响以前花点儿时间来思虑，那么将会减少甚至除去我们迅速反响所带来 的负面影响 ”，也就是说我们做决定所花的时间决定了我们判断的正确性。文章第二段第二 句话也隐含本题正确答案线索。 第二句以 But 这一转折连词指引， 应当要点关注后来表达的 信息， “可是，我们需要更多的时间来评估其余因素。 ”而本段的第三、四句子，很明显地揭 示出本题正确答案，特别是第三个句子中的 “accurately 一”词。选项 D 中的表达 “可早先决 定判断的正确性 ”，别的，此选项中的 “accuracy ”为 “accurate

90、ly 的同”词异形，故此项为正确 答案。选项 A 表达 “依局势紧迫性而定 ”错在惹是生非， 本文并无出现近似信息； 选项 B“证 明大脑反应的复杂性 ”，也是惹是生非；选项 C “取决于评估的重要性 ”，也与原文不切合， 故清除。 32【答案】 A can be associative 【分析】细节题。题干问的是 “我们对于快餐商标的反响速度表示决定是 _ 样的 ”, 由题干的 “fast-food logo ”我们能够定位到第三段。第二段说办理人际关系问题时人们会匆促 决定， 第三段开头就说了， 让人做出匆促决定的刺激因素不单限于人际关系范围内。 紧接着 一句说人们对快餐商标的反响速度比一

91、般阅读速度快。 下一句论述了原由： 由于人们无心识 地（ unconsciously ）将 “快餐 ”与 “速度 ”和 “心急 ”联系在一同，并将这些激动付诸行动。 A 说 决定是有联系性的，正确，由于人们将 “快餐 ”与“速度 ”， “心急 ”联系在了一同。 B 说决定是 无心识的，与原文意思相反，错。 C 说决定是危险的，原文未说起，清除。 D 说决定是不冲 动的，与原文意思相悖，故清除。 33【答案】 C think before we act 【分析】细节题。先看题干说 “为了逆转匆促决定所带来的影响，我们能够做 _”， 依据题干定位到第四段。 第四段经过两个例子说明我们应当如何战胜负

92、面影响， 第一个例子 表示 “假如我们会抵花费产品或许 房产 选择做出 “过分反响 ”，我们能够在购置以前先思虑一 会儿 ”，由此可说明我们应当内行动以前先思虑来除去负面影响，所以选择答案 C。其余选 项： A 项“相信我们的第一印象 ”； B 项 “依据人们往常所做的去做 ”； D 项 “征采专家建议 ”均 不切合题意。 34【答案】 D adequate information 【分析】细节题。题干问的是 “John Gottman 以为靠谱的迅速反应是鉴于 _ 的。 ”由 题干 John Gottman 定位到全文倒数第二段。此中第一句： John Gottman, the marria

93、ge expert,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly ” thin slice ” information reliably only after we gound such snap reactions in ” thick sliced-term study”.婚long姻专家约翰 .古德曼解说说，我们 迅速反响的信息的靠谱性是成立在这样的迅速反响的行为是以长久的研究为基础而做出的 迅速反响行为。此中 gound 是题干中 base on 的赞同置换， long-term study 长久的研究与 D 选项 adequate info

94、rmation 互相响应。由此可判断出 D adequate information （足够的信息） 是本题正解。该段第二句话是 When Dr,Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer eveluation,two days ,not two seconds. 当古德曼博士想去评估一对夫妇能否应当持续在一同时，他会邀请他们到他的岛上 进行一个更为长久的检查， 是两天而不是两秒。 第二句是对

95、第一句的举例说明， 更为考证此选项。 35【答案】 C optimistic 【分析】态度题。依据 35 题题干 reversing the high-speed trend 是全文的最后一句，所 以解本题可先定位到全文的最后一段。 最后一段最后两句： Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise - 12 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提

96、供优质的文档！优选文库 above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend. ：只管技 可能改 我 反 的方式， 可是它并无改 我 的天性。 我 仍旧有能力去战胜 惑并扭 种高速度的 。 由此 我 能够看出作者的 度是特别确立的， 所以 B uncertain （不确立） 第一清除； We still have the imaginative capacity 表面作者 于我 的能力是有信心的。所以 C optimistic （ 的）是正解。 A tolerant( 容忍的 ) 、D doubtful( 疑的 )在原文中没有体 ，属于惹是生非的

97、。 Text 4 36【答案】 B men have the final say 【分析】依据 干 corporate workplace 定位到第一段。首句就 欧洲性 不同等， in particular 一步指出 corporate workplace ， 明工作中性 特别不同等。 接着 欧洲企业 高管 位 remain overwhelmingly male ， 明以男性 主 。 Indeed 一步解 ， 指出女性在 欧洲企业董事会只据有 14%的席位。 所以， B 是鉴于首段信息 出的推 。 A women take the lead 和 D senior management is

98、family-friendly 都与原文相反； C 是 文章 overwhelm 个 出的干 。 37【答案】 A a reflection of gender balance 【分析】依据 干，定位到第二段首句， intended legislation 是 is now considering legislation 的同 改写。 句意思 “欧洲国家 在考 立法来迫使企业董事 女的比率达 到 60%”，所以立法是 了保持性 的均衡。 B 的 reluctant 是 第 5 段的 Reding s reluctance 出的干 ，其实不是 European Union 的立法。 C a re

99、sponse to Reding s call 不正确， Reding 呼吁的是 voluntary action ， D 也是干 ，而真实的立法 由是 gender balance 的反省，所以 A 正确，也是文章中心的反 应。 38【答案】 A get top business positions 【分析】定位至第 4 段， Reding 自己不喜 quotas ，后边出 了 but，他真实的 点 在 but 以后，他 他喜 quotas 所做的事情，即 get action ，后边的冒号是 get action 的解 。中心的答案在 a result seen in France and

100、 other coutries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions 。a result 是前方内容的同位 ， 一步 充 明，所 以 A 。B see through the glass ceiling 是 原文 break through the glass ceiling 的望文生 ， 属于浅薄 ，也和原文意思不符。 C 和 D 属于惹是生非。 39【答案】 D approval 【分析】本 的是作者 Reding 的呼吁的 度。 Reding 的 appeal 最早出 在第 2

101、 段， 即呼吁在董事会中有 40%的女性，以 性 均衡。而第四段再一次提到 Reding 的 点即 “他自己也不喜 quotas, 可是 quotas 自己确 起到了作用 ”；接着作者在第五段 出了自己 的 点，先是 能够理解 Reding ，自己自己也不喜 quotas ，可是 “既然 在 meritocratic ideal （精英管理的理想）有阻碍，确 需要一种 制的手段，即 制 定男女比率。 ”所以能够 看出作者是持 “ 成 ”的 度。 40【答案】 C suitable public policies 【分析】 干中的 women entering top management be

102、come headlines 是 第 6 段第二句 when women do break through to the summit of the corporate power 的同 改写， become headlines 是 后边 for example 所 的 Sheryl Sandberg 的案例的归纳。答案出 在第 7 段开 。第 7 段是提出一种解决举措， “If appropriate pubic choices were in place to help all women, .Sandberg would be no more newsworthy. ， 个句子是” if

103、 虚 条件句， 是 将来的 一种美好展望，也是提出 点的一种方式，意思是 “假如有合理的公共政策来帮助全部的女 性，Sandberg 也就没有 道价 了 ”。所以正确答案是 C，因 缺乏 “suitable public policies 。 ” Part B - 13 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！优选文库 41【答案】 F Planning is everything 【分析】段落首句谈到 “ Impulsive spending isn t an option, so plan your work s menu in adv

104、ance ，其表达 .的含义”是：激动花费不是一个好的选 择，所以提早计划你一周的菜单， 为你所需资料的详细数目做一个购物清单。 首句中出现了 因果逻辑关系词 so，而下文又没有出现明显转折，所以首句是本段的中心句。文章从而提 及作者为此特意做一个 Excel 表格，并且以为这样做不单花费少并且有助于均衡饮食。明显 文章的中心在于首句谈到的 “plan，”而中心不是选项 B 表达的 “balance your diet ，故”答案为 F。 42【答案】 E Stick to what you need 【分析】段落选二句话中的代词 “ them 指”代第一 句中的 “supermarkets

105、and their anonymity 。该”句经过这一指代顺接第一句，表达了一个否认 的含义，即你不需要在小贩那边感觉难堪。紧接着第三句用必定的语气指出 “if you plan properly, you ll know that you only need. 350g of shin of beef 即.假如你合理的规划， 你”就会 清楚知道你想要什么， 比方你只要要 350 克牛肉。作者经过语义上层层递进的方式指出了这 一段的中心：你需要什么就买什么，要对你所需要购置的东西的重量要坚持。所以选项 E 为正确选项。 43【答案】 G Waste not, want not 【分析】本段内

106、容第一谈到 “你可能骄傲的说冰箱 里只有冷冻的青豆，可是这还不够 ”。这句话中固然没有明显的转折词，但在语义上属于隐 性转折，所以段落的要点应当在后边。第二句提到 “Mine is filled with. ，此中”Mine 等于 my freezer，经过指代顺接上一句话。接着第三句前半句指出“提早做好计划能够防止浪费 ”， 后半句详细陈说了如何防止浪费。 此中 “eliminate wastage 与选”项 G 中的 “waste not 构”成同义 替代。固然该句中出现了 planning, 可是本段的主要内容是谈到对于节余的食品要尽可能充 分利用，从而防止浪费。所以选项 G 谈到 “不

107、浪费，不愁缺 ”为正确选项。 44【答案】 C Shopkeepers are your friends【分析】该段首句的句内出现转折，要点 在转折以后。第一句 but 转折以后提到 “it really is a top tip ，即这真”的是一个好的建议。那 么第一要复原 it 所指代的内容。句前没有供给信息，句后第二句提到 “shop at butchers,.regularly, .and be super friendly 。此中 “ be friendly ”经过词”性变换和选项 C 中的 “ are your friends 够成”同义替代。同时，依据就近指代原则，这也是 it

108、所指代的内容。最后一句 经过详细的信息描绘了购物时表现出友善的态度所带来的利处： they will let you have for free （往常他们都会免费给你），所以选项 C 为正确选项。 45【答案】 D Remember to treat yourself 【分析】该段首句句内出现转折，要点在转 折以后。第一句 but 后提到 “save your pennis and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch ，”其表达的含义是要节俭钱，但能够每几个月招待自己一次。而该句也是本段落的中 心句。段落余下的信息都是在用数据来解说这个道理。选项 D 中出现了 “treat yourself ，属”于原词复现。所以选项 D 为正确选项。 - 14