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1、定语从句定语从句( () )关系副词关系副词自学指导自学指导：观察下列句子，并总结规律：观察下列句子，并总结规律：1. The lab where the chemist often does experiments is not far from here1. The lab where the chemist often does experiments is not far from here 化学家做实验的那个实验室离这儿不远化学家做实验的那个实验室离这儿不远2. There are moments when I forget all about it.2. There are mom
2、ents when I forget all about it.那个时候我忘记了所有的一切那个时候我忘记了所有的一切3. He wanted to know the reason why I was late.3. He wanted to know the reason why I was late.他想要知道我迟到的理由他想要知道我迟到的理由总结：定语从句中关系副词：总结：定语从句中关系副词：_（时间状语）（时间状语）_（地点状语）（地点状语）_（原因状语）（原因状语） ，关系副词在定语从句中充当关系副词在定语从句中充当_。合作探究合作探究wherewhere 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句
3、例一例一The building where he lives is very old.The building where he lives is very old.他住的这栋建筑他住的这栋建筑很老旧。很老旧。分析：把从句补全应该为：分析：把从句补全应该为：he lives _he lives _，先行词，先行词 buildingbuilding 加上介词加上介词_在从句中做在从句中做_，关系词用关系词用_或或_ which_ which。结论：结论：当先行词在定语从句中的成分是地点状语的时候，连接词就是当先行词在定语从句中的成分是地点状语的时候，连接词就是_。练习：练习：The city
4、_ we spent our holidays is very beautiful.The city _ we spent our holidays is very beautiful.我们度假的那座城市很漂亮。我们度假的那座城市很漂亮。The hotel _we stayed was very clean.The hotel _we stayed was very clean.WhenWhen 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句例二例二Tell me the time when he was killed.Tell me the time when he was killed.告诉我他被杀的时间。
5、告诉我他被杀的时间。分析：把从句补全应该为：分析：把从句补全应该为：he was killed _he was killed _，先行词，先行词 timetime 加上介词加上介词_在从句中做在从句中做_，关系词用关系词用_或或_ which_ which。总结：总结：当先行词在定语从句中的成分是时间状语的时候，连接词就是当先行词在定语从句中的成分是时间状语的时候，连接词就是_._.练习：练习：I never forget the days _I played with you.I never forget the days _I played with you.The date _ we a
6、ttended the meeting was June 18.The date _ we attended the meeting was June 18.WhyWhy 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句例三例三 That is one of the reasons why I hate you.That is one of the reasons why I hate you.这是我讨厌这是我讨厌你的原因之一。你的原因之一。分析：分析： 把从句补全应该是把从句补全应该是 I hate you _I hate you _ ， 先行词先行词 reasonreason 加上介词加上介词 forfor
7、在从句中做在从句中做_。 关系词用关系词用_或或_._.总结：总结：当先行词在定语从句中的成分是原因状语的时候当先行词在定语从句中的成分是原因状语的时候, ,连接词就是连接词就是_练习：练习：The reason_ he changed his mind is not clear.The reason_ he changed his mind is not clear. 他改变主意的原因还不清楚。他改变主意的原因还不清楚。I want to know the reason _ he left so early.I want to know the reason _ he left so ear
8、ly.我想知道他这么早离开的原因。我想知道他这么早离开的原因。完成下列习题，并比较他们有什么不同：完成下列习题，并比较他们有什么不同：March 22 is the day _I was born.March 22 is the day _I was born.3 3 月月 2222 号是我出生的那一天。号是我出生的那一天。March 22 is the day _I will never forget.March 22 is the day _I will never forget.3 3 月月 2222 号是我永远不会忘的一天。号是我永远不会忘的一天。I saw them in the p
9、ark _ a lot of people were singing.I saw them in the park _ a lot of people were singing.我在那家有很多人唱歌的公园里看到他们。我在那家有很多人唱歌的公园里看到他们。I saw them in the park _ was built 10 years ago.I saw them in the park _ was built 10 years ago.我在那家十年前建好的公园里看到他们的。我在那家十年前建好的公园里看到他们的。精讲点拨：精讲点拨：（一）定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择（一）定语从句中关
10、系代词和关系副词的选择1. 1. 明确关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用：关系代词明确关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用：关系代词 which, that, whowhich, that, who 在定语从句中作主语或在及物动在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词和介词后作宾语。关系副词词和介词后作宾语。关系副词 when, where, whywhen, where, why在定语从句中作状语。在定语从句中作状语。2. 2.分析句子结构，明确语法成分。关系词在定语从句中作宾语还是作状语，关键在于从句的谓语动词是否及物动词。分析句子结构，明确语法成分。关系词在定语从句中作宾语还是作状语，关
11、键在于从句的谓语动词是否及物动词。如果是及物动词，分析其后是否已经有宾语；如缺宾语则选择关系代词；如不缺宾语或谓语动词为不及物动词，则选如果是及物动词，分析其后是否已经有宾语；如缺宾语则选择关系代词；如不缺宾语或谓语动词为不及物动词，则选择关系副词。择关系副词。（二）介词的选择（二）介词的选择介词的选择主要从以下几方面考虑：介词的选择主要从以下几方面考虑：1. 1. 从先行词跟介词的搭配出发从先行词跟介词的搭配出发Ill never forget the day on which we worked together in the countryside.Ill never forget th
12、e day on which we worked together in the countryside.我不会忘记我们一起在乡下工作的日子。我不会忘记我们一起在乡下工作的日子。( (把把 the daythe day代入从句后，代入从句后， 加加onon 才构成完整的句子，才构成完整的句子， 即即we worked togetherwe worked togetheron the day in the countryside)on the day in the countryside)The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which
13、we could see what was happening inside the house.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which we could see what was happening inside the house.这个聪明的孩子在墙上挖了一个洞，透过它我们可以看到屋里发生的事情。这个聪明的孩子在墙上挖了一个洞，透过它我们可以看到屋里发生的事情。(through which(through which即即 through the hole)through the hole)2. 2. 从定语从句中动词、形容
14、词等对介词的搭配要求出发从定语从句中动词、形容词等对介词的搭配要求出发Do you know the girl _ whom the man talked just now?Do you know the girl _ whom the man talked just now?你认识那个男人刚谈到的女孩吗？你认识那个男人刚谈到的女孩吗？(talk(talk 后用后用 to, withto, with 还是还是 aboutabout，则根据先行词、定语从句中的动词，则根据先行词、定语从句中的动词talktalk 考虑，此考虑，此处用处用 withwith 或或 toto 比较好）比较好）3. 3
15、. 含有介词的动词短语不能拆开，则不能转化成含有介词的动词短语不能拆开，则不能转化成“ “介词介词+ +关系代词关系代词” ”结构，介词仍然放在动词的后面。常见的这类动词结构，介词仍然放在动词的后面。常见的这类动词有有 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of, look into, break into, get rid of, take part in, make use of,listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of, loo
16、k into, break into, get rid of, take part in, make use of,take/catch hold of, catch up with, get along with, look forward totake/catch hold of, catch up with, get along with, look forward toThe babies whom the nurses are taking care of are very healthy.The babies whom the nurses are taking care of a
17、re very healthy.护士照顾的那些婴儿们都很健康。护士照顾的那些婴儿们都很健康。（三）关于定语从句的注意点：（三）关于定语从句的注意点：1. 1. 当先行词在从句中表示当先行词在从句中表示 时间、地点、原因时，时间、地点、原因时，“ “介词介词+which”+which”一般在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、原因状语，这一般在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、原因状语，这时可以分别用时可以分别用 when, where, whywhen, where, why代替。代替。 （whenwhen 相当于相当于“at/in/during/on“at/in/during/on 等等+which”+w
18、hich”；wherewhere 相当于相当于“in/at/on“in/at/on 等等+which”+which”；whywhy 相当于相当于“for which”“for which”） 。但若。但若“ “介词介词+which”+which”不是作时间、地点、原因状语时，则不能用不是作时间、地点、原因状语时，则不能用 when, where, whywhen, where, why代替。代替。Last week, I visited London, in which/where I have made several friends.Last week, I visited London,
19、 in which/where I have made several friends.上周我们去了伦敦，在那儿我们交了一些朋友。上周我们去了伦敦，在那儿我们交了一些朋友。Last year she bought this house, for which she paid her lifes savings.Last year she bought this house, for which she paid her lifes savings.去年她买了这所房子，为此她付出了一生的积蓄。去年她买了这所房子，为此她付出了一生的积蓄。3. 3. 有几个词虽然不指具体的地点，有几个词虽然不指具体
20、的地点， 但它们作先行词时常用但它们作先行词时常用 where/where/介词介词+which+which 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。 常见的有：常见的有： situation/ case/situation/ case/point/ circumstances/ stage/ familypoint/ circumstances/ stage/ family等。等。I haveI have come to the point where I cant stand e to the point where I cant stand him.我已经到了不能忍受他的程度了。我已经到了不能忍受他
21、的程度了。Hes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose contHes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.rol over the plane.他把自己置于一个危险的境地，很容易失去对飞机的控制。他把自己置于一个危险的境地，很容易失去对飞机的控制。4. 4. 先行词先行词 wayway 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句当先行词是当先行词是 wayway，意为，意为
22、“ “方法，方式方法，方式” ”时，引导定语从句的关系词有时，引导定语从句的关系词有in which, thatin which, that 和不用任何关系词这三种形式。和不用任何关系词这三种形式。I dont understand the way in which/that/I dont understand the way in which/that/（省略）（省略）they worked out the problem.they worked out the problem.我没法理解他们解决这个问题的方法。我没法理解他们解决这个问题的方法。试比较以下两个句子关系词的不同：试比较以下两个
23、句子关系词的不同：The way that/which he explained to us was not difficult to understand.The way that/which he explained to us was not difficult to understand.他们给我们解释的这种方法不难理解。他们给我们解释的这种方法不难理解。( ( 关系代词关系代词 that/whichthat/which 在从句中作宾语）在从句中作宾语）The way that/in which he explained the sentence to us was not diffi
24、cult to understand.The way that/in which he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.他们给我们解释这个句子的方法不难理解。他们给我们解释这个句子的方法不难理解。( (关系词在从句中作状语，相当于关系词在从句中作状语，相当于 in this/that wayin this/that way）他经常帮助他认为在学习上反应不太快的学生。他经常帮助他认为在学习上反应不太快的学生。教案江泽珍1、语言知识目标：记住定语从句定义和定语从句的结构，掌握关系代词和副词的使用。 2、语言技
25、能目标：能够在听说读写中熟练使用定语从句。 3、情感态度目标：在学习中培养合作精神。 4、学习策略目标：学会总结所接触的语言材料中的语言规律并加以应用。教学重点：定语从句的结构及关系代词和关系副词的使用。介词+关系代词的考查。教学难点：1、关系代词和关系副词在从句中充当的成分。 2、 先行词是地点名词、 时间名词及 reason 时， 关系代词和关系副词的选择。 3、as 的用法以及对定语从句的综合考查教学方法： 以学生为主体的发现学习和合作学习教学辅助手段：多媒体教学教学过程：Step 1: Revision Check the homework exercises.Step 2: Lead
26、ing in Show some pictures of our beautiful school and give two simple sentences,and then combine the two sentences using the Attributive Clause.Step 3: To review the basic knowledge of the Attributive Clause归纳总结：指代人 who, whom, that, as关系代词指代事物 which, that, as关系代词所属关系 whose关系代词指地点 where（=介词+which）关系副
27、词指时间 when (=介词+which）关系副词指原因 why (=for+which）关系副词限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句Step 4: Summary for testing points ,difficult points and exercises.考点：与 which2.对 the way 的考查3.介词+关系词难点：的使用5.对 where 的考查6.综合考查Step 5: Grammar practice and consolidation.Step 6: Ability to enhance Our class is a big family; It consists o
28、f 50 girls and 18 boys. Mostof us are mainly from the countryside. Cao Yichun is a kind-hearted boy.He is always ready to help others. He is such a good boy that we all likehim.Step 7: SummaryStep 8: Homework Do more exercises about the Attributive Clause.课后反思：（1）时间把握得比较好，就是训练效果需要再加强。（2）课堂气氛活泼，继续发扬。
