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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on” systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 12 , the approach would create a “walled garden”
2、 in safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of 13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 . S
3、till, the administrations plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a license” mentality. The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem”
4、would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1 A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2 A.for B.within C.while D.though 3 A.careless B.lawless C.pointless D.helpless 4 A.reason B.remind
5、er C.compromise D.proposal 5 A.information B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ 6 A.by B.into C.from D.over 7 A.linked B.directed C.chained D.compared 8 A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve 9 A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize 10 A.relcase
6、d B.issued C.distributed D.delivered 11 A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in 12 A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast 13 A.trusted B.modernized C.thriving D.competing 14 A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience 15 A.on B.after C.beyond D.across 16 A.divided B.disappointed C.protecte
7、d D.united 17 A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually 18 A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm 19 A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible 20 A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forced Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four
8、texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points) Text 1 Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachss board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown Uni
9、versity. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldmans compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year
10、 Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said. Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firms board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree wit
11、h the chief executives proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises. The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors b
12、etween 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise depa
13、rture, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ to perform worse. The effect tended to b
14、e larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms. But the
15、 researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through to
16、ugh times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus. 21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for . Againing excessive profits Bfailing to fulfill her duty Crefusing to make compromises Dleavin
17、g the board in tough times 22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be . Agenerous investors Bunbiased executives Cshare price forecasters Dindependent advisers 23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside directors surprise departure, the firm i
18、s likely to . Abecome more stable Breport increased earnings 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ Cdo less well in the stock market Dperform worse in lawsuits 24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors . Amay stay for the attractive offers from the firm Bhave of
19、ten had records of wrongdoings in the firm Care accustomed to stress-free work in the firm Dwill decline incentives from the firm 25. The authors attitude toward the role of outside directors is . Apermissive Bpositive Cscornful Dcritical Text 2 Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ag
20、o the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. Americas Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Shou
21、ld they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date. In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabi
22、t the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same. 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing
23、journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly f
24、or many journalists, they can be pushed further. Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, accordi
25、ng to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable. The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are lea
26、st distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business. 26. By saying “Newspapers like their own doom” (Li
27、nes 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper . Aneglected the sign of crisis Bfailed to get state subsidies Cwere not charitable corporations 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ DAmerican Newspapers: A Hopeless Story Text 3 We tend
28、 to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus. But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief tha
29、t less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish. Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficien
30、t living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These
31、designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies. Miess signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he emp
32、loyed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Miess sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty. 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提
33、供优质的文档！ The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicagos Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the citys Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded a
34、nd the elegance of the buildings details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time. The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than
35、 the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century. The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic eff
36、ect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life - few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers - but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared. 31. Th
37、e postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans . Aprosperity and growth Befficiency and practicality Crestraint and confidence Dpride and faithfulness 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ 32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus? AIt was
38、founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. BIts designing concept was affected by World War II. CMost American architects used to be associated with it. DIt had a great influence upon American architecture. 33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design . Awas related to large space Bwas identified w
39、ith emptiness Cwas not reliant on abundant decoration Dwas not associated with efficiency 34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicagos Lake Shore Drive? AThey ignored details and proportions. BThey were built with materials popular at that time. CThey were more spacious than neighbor
40、ing buildings. DThey shared some characteristics of abstract art. 35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”? AMechanical devices were widely used. BNatural scenes were taken into consideration CDetails were sacrificed for the overall effect. DEco-friendly materials were employ
41、ed. Text 4 Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ not long ago. Now even the projects greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth. As well as those
42、 chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zones economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive membe
43、rs the quick fix of devaluation. Yet the debate about how to save Europes single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zones dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies. Germ
44、any thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a countrys voting rights
45、 in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference. A “southern” cam
46、p headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ redistribution from richer to poorer members, via
47、cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs. It is too
48、soon to write off the EU. It remains the worlds largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an a
49、mbitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign. 36. The EU is faced with so many problems that . A it has more or less lost faith in markets B even its supporters begin to feel concerned C some of its member countries plan to abandon euro D it intends to de
50、ny the possibility of devaluation 37. The debate over the EUs single currency is stuck because the dominant powers . A are competing for the leading position B are busy handling their own crises C fail to reach an agreement on harmonization D disagree on the steps towards disintegration 38. To solve
51、 the euro problem ,Germany proposed that . 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ A EU funds for poor regions be increased B stricter regulations be imposed C only core members be involved in economic co-ordination D voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed 39. The French proposal of h
52、andling the crisis implies that _ _. Apoor countries are more likely to get funds Bstrict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries Cloans will be readily available to rich countries Drich countries will basically control Eurobonds 40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel
53、 _ _. Apessimistic Bdesperate Cconceited Dhopeful Part B Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answe
54、r on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ Such a move could affect firms such as McDonalds, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile
55、phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said. 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least infor
56、mation is available up front.” He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around school and hospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open. A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy
57、and live longer. This includes creating a new responsibility deal with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this.” The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such ra
58、dical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade. A “fat taxes” should be imposed on fast-food producers such as McDonalds. 41.Andrew Lansley held that B the government should ban fast-food outlets in the neighborhood of s
59、chools 42.Terence Stephenson agreed that C “lecturing” was an effective way to improve school lunches in England. 43.Jamie Oliver seemed to believe that D cigarette-style warnings should be 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ introduced to children about the dangers of a poor diet. 44.Di
60、nesh Bhugra suggested that E the producers of crisps and candies could contribute significantly to the Change4Life campaign. 45.A Department of Health Spokesperson propsed that F parents should set good examples for their children by keeping a healthy diet at home. G the government should strengthen
61、 the sense of responsibility among businesses. 46Direction： In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points) Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the wo
62、rlds airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions? Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google h
63、as to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy. However,
64、Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies. Section IV Writing Part A 47 Directions: Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted
65、to a university. Write him/her a letter to 1) congratulate him/her, and 2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead. Do not write the address. (
66、10 points) Part B 48Directions: Write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should: 1)interpret the chart and 2)give your comments you should write at least 150 wrods 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ write your essay on answer sheet 2(15points) 2011英语二参考答案 1A
67、2C 3B 4D 5D 6B 7A 8C 9C 10B 11D 12B 13A 14C 15A 16A 17D 18A 19C 20D 21-25 BDCAD 26-30 DBCAA 31-35 CDCDB 36-40 BCBAD 41.E 42.D 43.C 44.B 45.G 参考答案 从全球范围来看， 有谁会想到 IT 行业释放的温室气体与全球航空公司产生的一样多呢？它大约占总二氧化碳总排量的 2%。 许多日常工作对环境造成了令人震惊的破坏。根据每次你搜索并得到正确答案的尝试次数，谷歌会排放 0.2至 7 克的二氧化碳。为了迅速将结果传递给用户，谷歌在全球设置了大量充斥着能量巨大的电脑的
68、数据中心。这些电脑在排放大量二氧化碳的同时，也产生大量的能量。因此，这些数据中心需要良好的空调降温，这又会同时产生大量的能量。 然而，谷歌和其他技术提供商严密检测他们的效果并不断进行改进。监控是减排的第一步，但这仍任重道远，且不仅只由大公司来承担。 小作文参考答案 Dear friend, I am writing to congratulate you on your being successfully admitted to Harvard University, which enjoys an international reputation for its academic exce
69、llence and give you some suggestions as to how to make preparation for the 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ coming college life. In order for you to adapt yourself to the university life, you are advised to get prepared physically and intellectually. First and foremost, you need to bu
70、ild a strong body for the future academic pursuit, so you can take some exercises during the breaks. Secondly, since the study in university is more demanding than in your secondary school, you are highly suggested to find some introductory books from the library so as to have a good idea of the spe
71、cialty you are going to take in your college life. Given your sound ability, you are sure to have a successful college life. Congratulate you again and wish you a fruitful college life. Sincerely yours, Zhang Wei Dear Ming, Congratulations! I am glad to hear that you have been admitted by MIT. Your
72、efforts and commitment have been paid off. You are the honor of our family. Here come some my own advices of being a pre college student. First and foremost, you need to improve your communication because you will meet different people with different personalities in campus. Moreover, reading some r
73、eference books will help you to accumulate more knowledge and terms, which boost your competitiveness in campus. Once again congratulate for your achievement! Yours sincerely, Zhang Wei 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！ 大作文参考答案 As is shown in the bar chart above, dramatic changes have
74、taken place in the autos market shares within two years (from 2008 to 2009). The most obvious change was the market share of national brand, which had increased nearly by 10%, while Japans autos market share decreased roughly by 10%. The percentage of the US autos remained stable between 2008 and 20
75、09. There are numerous reasons accounting for the phenomenon and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. Above all, as the development of technique and knowledge in native companies, a growing number of autos corporation developed many quality autos. Therefore, the national pe
76、ople changed the attitude to the native brands and acknowledge them. What more, an overwhelming majority of people have been affected by the country patriotism ideology, partly owing to some actions of Japan triggering the emotion of people. Finally, Toyota brake error accidents significantly affect
77、s Japanese autos reputations and images. Safety concerns drove customers away from Japanese products. Additionally, Fuel price drove consumers away from those American petrol digging and luxury autos. So it is not difficult to observe their steady performance. Based on what has been discussed above, we may reasonably conclude that the tendency described in graphic will continue for quite a long time. Hopefully, government could offer more friendly policies to China autos manufacturers to encourage quality improvement and technology innovation. 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！
