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1、Unit5 Nelson MandelaPeroid 5 Grammar The Attributive Clause 1.A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. when I first met Nelson Mandela3.Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.4. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.2.The timewas a very
2、difficult period of my life.Read the reading text and find out the attributive clauses in it. where I studied for only two years when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.7. The day was one of my happiest. where we have almost no rights at all.5. The schoolwas three kilometres away
3、.6. This was a timewhen Nelson Mandela helped me8. We have reached a stage9. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.10. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.11. We were put into a position in which we had e
4、ither to accept we were less important, or fight the government.12. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.The Attributive ClauseThe Attributive Clause 1 -Relative Pronouns关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指 关系词在关系词在从句从句中作用中作用关系关系代词代词that人人 / 物物主主语语、宾、宾语语、表语、表语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whos
5、e人人 / 物物定定语语 (whose + n.)The use of the relative pronoun (关系代词关系代词)口诀口诀: 前看先行词前看先行词, 辩清人或物辩清人或物 后看从句里后看从句里, 有无主宾语有无主宾语Fill in the blanks with the relatives:1.In the beginning , people _ bought them got angry.2.They need a plant _ doesnt need as much water as rice.3. It is a very useful plant _ can b
6、e prepared in many different ways.4.We all like the student _ handwriting is very good.5.I dont like the way he speaks.6.The swimmer _ you are talking about is over there.whowhichthatwhose(that/in which)whomThe Attributive Clause 2-Relative Adverbs1.when 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如的名词（如: t
7、ime,day,hour,year等）。等）。2. where 表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词的名词(如：如：place,room,house等等)。3. why 表示原因，常用在先行词表示原因，常用在先行词reason 后。后。关系副词关系副词-when , where, why1.I will never forget the day _we were in the country.2. This is the park _you took photos last Sunday.3. That was the reason_he was late f
8、or school. whenwhere why The house where he lives needs repairing The reason why Jim was happy to help Mandela was helping others. The day when Mandela told me what to do and helped him was the happiest day for Jim.下面我们学习一下关系副词下面我们学习一下关系副词whenwherewhy的用法的用法 The house which he lives in needs repairin
9、g.The house in which he lives needs repairing.The house where he lives needs repairing Comparing and discoveringThe reason why Jim was happy to help Mandela was helping others.The reason for which Jim was happy to help Mandela was helping others.The day when Mandela told me what to do and helped him
10、 was the happiest day for Jim?The day on which Mandela told me what to do and helped him was the happiest day for Jim关系副词的用法关系副词的用法关系副关系副词指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用when (=at/in/on /during which) where (=in/at which)why (=for which) 时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语I still remember the days _ we spent in
11、the country.I still remember the days _ we studied together.The factory_ we visited is far away.The factory _ this kind of cars are made is very modern.I dont know the reason _ he is angry with me.The reason _ he gave for his being absent isnt acceptable. which/that when/during which which/that wher
12、e/in which why/ for whichthat/which以下名词之后也通常用以下名词之后也通常用where/in which引引导的定语从句：导的定语从句：situation, case, point, position, article, sentence, line, word, queue等等。等等。We were put in a position in which/where we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.e.g. This is the point whe
13、re I dont agree.Pay attention, please!They are in such a situation where everything is in disorder.The police are looking into the case where two VIPs were killed.Can you make a sentence where this verb can be used?They were at the point where/at which they had to decide what to de next.In the super
14、 market, we always see a long queue where people are waiting fir things on sale.This is the factory where/in which he worked ten years ago.This is the factory which /that make toys.注意：当先行词是时间、地点、原因时，定语从注意：当先行词是时间、地点、原因时，定语从句的引导词在从句中做状语时才用关系副词句的引导词在从句中做状语时才用关系副词when、 where、 why；如做主语、宾语、表语仍；如做主语、宾语、表语
15、仍用关系代词用关系代词that、 which介词介词+关系代词关系代词“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用介词的宾语只能用which（指物）或（指物）或whom(指人指人)，whose即可指人也可即可指人也可指物指物,即介词即介词+which/whom/whose.关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定:Theyll never forget July 1 on which Hong Kong returned to its motherland.1992 is the year in which you were born.小结小结1:根据根据先行
16、词先行词的习惯搭配的习惯搭配The school to which I was sent was very large.Hong Kong is the city from which he comes.小结小结2:2:根据定语从句中根据定语从句中动词动词所需习惯搭配所需习惯搭配Wu Song was the man by whom the tiger was shot.小结小结3：根据定语从句的：根据定语从句的意义意义用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1. I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is
17、based.2. The song, _ which he was interested, will never be heard again.3. This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late.4. I will never forget the way _ which my teacher taught me.5. This is the hero _ whom we are proud. on in forinof6. I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that le
18、tter.7. They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly.8. It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts.9. It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs.10. I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can
19、 rely.withof withtoon / uponAdditionFinish the following attributive clauses.1. I will never forget the day _we spent together. I will never forget the day _I left my hometown.( which /that)when/ on which2. This is the house _ I visited last year. This is the house _ I studied art.(which/that)where/
20、 in which3. I dont believe the reason _ Tom has given to us. I dont know the reason _Tom is crying.(which/that)why/ for which小结小结:关系词的选择关系词的选择1. 看关系词（先行词）在从句中充当的成看关系词（先行词）在从句中充当的成分分 主语，宾语主语，宾语关系代词关系代词 状语状语关系副词关系副词2. 2. 先行词前是否要介词先行词前是否要介词 要要关系副词关系副词 不要不要关系代词关系代词1.The reason _ he didnt pass the exam w
21、as that he didnt study hard. A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which2.The school _ my sister studies at is far from here. A.where B. that C. at which D. in which3.the days are gone forever _ we used foreign oil. A. when B. that C. which D. at which4.My hometown is no longer the place _ it used
22、 to be. A. that B. what C. where D. as5.He was the only one of the boys who _ late for school.A.Are B. were C. is D. was6.He is the guest _ the manager first introduced.A.Whose B. to whom C. who D. of whom7.He made a hole in the wall_ he could get onto the house.A. in which B. which C. through which
23、 D. by which8. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A.which B. where C. that D. when9.I can still remember the sitting room _ my brother and I used to sit in the evening.A. Of which B. which C. that D. where10.We shall never forget the days _ we
24、 worked together. A. that B. in which C. on which D. which11. I still remember the year _ we spent together. A. / B. when C. on which D. in which12.I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where
