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1、计算机专业英语计算机专业英语 第一次作业第一次作业 1一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇) ) （一）一）T TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChineseintoChinese。( (写出下列词组的汉语。写出下列词组的汉语。）1.centralprocessingunit(CPU)1.centralprocessingunit(CPU)2.titlebar2.titlebar3.operatingsystem3.operatingsy
2、stem4.personalcomputer4.personalcomputer5.menubar5.menubar6.deskpublishing6.deskpublishing7.electronicspreadsheet7.electronicspreadsheet8.harddisk8.harddisk9.database9.database10.cursor10.cursor1、中央处理单元、中央处理单元2、标题栏、标题栏3、操作系统、操作系统4、个人计算机、个人计算机5、菜单栏、菜单栏6、桌面排版、桌面排版7、电子表格、电子表格8、硬盘、硬盘9、数据库、数据库10、光标、光标2一、
3、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇) )( (二二)Fill)Fill inin thethe blanksblanks withwith thethe correspondingcorresponding EnglishEnglishabbreviationsabbreviations( (根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。) )1.随机存储器 2.只读存储器 3.传输控制协议 4.数字视频光盘 5.通用串行总线 6.计算机辅助设计 7.计算机辅助制造 8.中央处理器1、RAM2、ROM3、TCP4、DVD5、USB6、CAD7、CAM8、CPU3
4、一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇) )( (三三)Translate)TranslatethethefollowingfollowingwordswordsintointoEnglishEnglish( (根根据据汉汉语语写写出相应的英语出相应的英语 ) )1.键盘2.鼠标 3.扫描仪4.打印机 5.输入6.输出7.显示器8.存储器9.数据库10.操作系统 11.应用软件12.字处理器 13.网络浏览器keyboardkeyboardscannerscannerinputinputmonitormonitordatabasedatabasemousemousepri
5、nterprinteroutputoutputstoragestorageoperatingsystemoperatingsystemapplicationsoftwareapplicationsoftwarewordprocessorwordprocessorwebbrowserwebbrowser4二、二、Tell whether the following statements are Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)true (T) or false (F)( (判断正误判断正误) )1.As
6、 soon as you turn the computer off，the contents of RAM will disappear( )2.Window XP is Microsofts most advanced desktop operating system.( )3.Software can be divided into two general classes; system software and application software. ( )4.Microsoft Word XP is a member of Microsoft office 2000. ( ) 5
7、.Application software (also called end-user program) is designed to perform a specific function directly for the user ( ) TTTFT56.Without systems software，application software in a computer is useless ( ) 7.WinZip，WinRAR and Microsofts Internet Explorer are all data compression software( ) 8.Word do
8、esnt have the feature to accessing to World Wide Web ( ) 9.Menu bar displays the names of the application and document ( ) 10.Windows XP is Microsofts most advanced desktop operating system ( )TFFFF6三、三、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the
9、 right column( (连线题) )(一)1.central processing unit (CPU) a操作系统 2.hardware b输入 3.RAM(random access memory) c只读存储器 4.ROM(readonly memory) d应用软件 5.input e中央处理器 6.output f系统软件 7.operating system g硬件 8.application software h随机存储器 9.system software i内存 10.memory j输出1.e 2.g 3.h 4.c 5.b 6.j 7.a 8.d 9.f 10.i
10、7( (二二) )1.binary system aan input device2.printer ba compression software3.Microsoft Word can operating system4.Winzip d. a numbering system based on the 0 and 15.Internet Explorer ea part of Microsoft word interface6.mouse fan electronic spreadsheet7.Microsoft Excel gan output device8.DOS ha word
11、processor9.title bar ia web browser1.d 2.g 3.h 4.b 5.i 6.a 7.f 8.c 9.e8四、四、Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below，and change the form where necessary( (从下面方框中选从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空heart , result in , speed , component ,determineThecentra
12、lprocessingunit（CPU）istheofthecomputersystems.Amongotherthings，itsconfigurationwhetheracomputerisfastorslowinrelationtoothercomputersTheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystem,responsiblefordirectingmostofthecomputersystemactivities based on the instructions provided. As one computer generation hasevolved
13、tothenext，thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller，whileitsandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendouslyIndeed，thesechangeshavemicrocomputersthataresmallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap.heartdeterminescomponentspeedresultedin9Wordprocessor，Databaseareallapplicationsoftware.Wordprocessor,aspecialp
14、rogramcanenableacomputerusertocreatea_,storeitona_,displayitonascreen，evenprintitona_.Thesoftwaresuchas_,WPS,StarOfficearewordprocessorsSpreadsheetisdifferentfromasimpletable,forwhose_havepredefinedrelationshiptoeachother，andeachofthemsitsina_.Amongthespreadsheetapplications，lotus1-2-3and_arethemost
15、famous.Toaccessinformationfromadatabase，thecomputeruserneedaSpreadsheet Microsoft word printer DBMSdisk cell value Microsoft Excel document spreadsheetdocumentdiskprinterMicrosoft word valuecellMicrosoft Excel DBMS (database management system) 10MicrosoftwordXPisthecurrentWindowversionofWord，anddocu
16、mentscreatedinword?canbeeasilyExcel，PowerPointandAccessfilesIntheinterfaceofWord,thedisplaysthenameofthecurrentapplicationandnameofthecurrentdocument；theliststhenamesofthemenusavailable；thegivestheuserquickaccesstofrequentlyusededitingfunctions；theenablestheusertochangeleftandright.margin standard t
17、oolbar ruler title bar menu bar incorporateintoincorporated into title bar menu bar standard toolbar rulermargins11五五.Translation(.Translation(翻译翻译) )(一一) Translate the following sentences into Chinese(将将下下列列句句子子翻译成汉语翻译成汉语。)1.Mostmicrocomputerprintersprintonecharacteratatime，usuallyatratesVaryingfro
18、m30toperhaps180charactersperseconds.2.Windows XP has a wide range of entertainment features andmultimediasupportdesignedtofullyintegratedigitalmediaintothePC译：大多数微行打印机每次只能打印一个字符，速率通常为每译：大多数微行打印机每次只能打印一个字符，速率通常为每 秒秒30个至个至180个字符之间。个字符之间。 译译：Windows XP具具有有很很多多娱娱乐乐性性能能，并并支支持持多多媒媒体体技技术术，将将数数字媒体集成于字媒体集成于P
19、C之中。之中。123.Anapplicationsoftwareisanyprogramdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctiondirectlyfortheuseror，insomecases，foranotherapplicationprogram4.A word processor enables you to create a document， store itelectronicallyon a disk，displayiton a screen，modifyitby enteringcommandsandcharactersfromthekeyboard
20、，andprintitonaprinter5.ThereareseveralapplicationscalledWebbrowsersthatmakeiteasytoaccess the World Wide Web，two of the most popular being NetscapeNavigatorandMicrosoftsInternetExplorer译译：应应用用软软件件是是直直接接为为用用户户设设计计的的具具有有专专门门功功能能的的软软件件，或或在在某某些些情情况况下下，为另一种应用程序设计的软件。为另一种应用程序设计的软件。译译：一一个个字字处处理理器器能能够够使使你你创
21、创建建文文档档，并并将将其其存存在在磁磁盘盘上上，在在屏屏幕幕上上显显示，通过从键盘上键入命令和字符对其进行修改，然后打印。示，通过从键盘上键入命令和字符对其进行修改，然后打印。译译：有有一一些些叫叫做做网网络络浏浏览览器器的的应应用用软软件件可可以以使使我我们们访访问问万万维维网网，其其中中两两个个比较流行的是比较流行的是Netscape Navigator 和和Microsofts Internet Explorer。136Spreadsheetapplicationsarecomputerprogramsthatletyoucreateandmanipulatespreadsheets7
22、Wordoffersmanyfeatures，includingdesktoppublishingandaccesstotheWorldWideWeb8Asyoucreateaspecificdocument，suchasabusinessletterorresume，Wordprovideswizards，whichaskquestionsandthenuseyouranswerstoformatthedocumentbeforeyoutypethetextofthedocument译：电子表格软件是能够使你创建和操纵电子表格的计算机程序。译：电子表格软件是能够使你创建和操纵电子表格的计算机
23、程序。译：译：Word提供很多功能，包括桌面排版和访问万维网。提供很多功能，包括桌面排版和访问万维网。译译：当当创创建建一一个个文文件件时时，如如一一封封商商业业信信函函或或一一份份简简历历时时，Word会会提提供供向向导导，它它先先提提出出一一些些问问题题，然然后后在在输输入入文文字字之之前前，根根据据你你的的回回答答规规定定该该文文件件的的格格式。式。149Usersoftensavetheirworkfrequentlyontononvolatilesecondarystoragedevicessuchasdiskettesorharddisks10WheneaitinginWord，a
24、usercanchangeleftandrightmarginswiththeRuler译译：用用户户常常常常把把他他们们的的工工作作成成果果保保存存到到稳稳定定的的辅辅助助存存储储器器设设备备中中，比如磁盘或硬盘。比如磁盘或硬盘。译：当编辑译：当编辑Word文档时，用户可以通过标尺改变左右边距。文档时，用户可以通过标尺改变左右边距。15(二)Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese(将下列各段翻译成汉语）。1Thecentralprocessingunit(CPU)istheheartofthecomputersystemsAmongot
25、herthings，itsconfigurationdetermineswhetheracomputerisfastorslowinrelationtoothercomputersTheCPUisthe most complex computer system component，responsible fordirecting most of the computer system activities based on theinstructionsprovidedAsonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext，thephysicalsizeofthe
26、CPU hasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller，whileitsspeedandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendouslyIndeed，thesechangeshaveresultedinmicrocomputersthataresmallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap16译译：中中央央处处理理器器(CPU)(CPU)是是计计算算机机系系统统的的心心脏脏。一一台台计计算算机机相相对对于于其其他他计计算算机机的的速速度度是是快快还还是是慢慢，除除了了别别的的因因素素外外，CPUCPU的的配配置置起起着着决决定定的的作作
27、用用。CPUCPU是是最最复复杂杂的的计计算算机机系系统统设设备备，它它根根据据提提供供的的指指令令负负责责指指挥挥协协调调计计算算机机系系统统的的全全部部活活动动。当当老老一一代代计计算算机机被被新新的的一一代代计计算算机机代代替替的的时时候候，CPUCPU的的实实际际尺尺寸寸往往往往变变得得越越来来越越小小，而而其其速速度度和和能能力力却却增增加加了了许许多多。这这种种变变化化的的结结果果就就使使得得微机缩小得可以放在桌上或腿上。微机缩小得可以放在桌上或腿上。172.Personalcomputersoftwareisbasedonspecificoperatingsystemsandma
28、chinesOperatingsystemssoftwaredefinesthepersonalityofthecomputerbyspecifyingthewayinwhichprogramsarecontrolled，filesarestoredandretrieved，and how the systems hardware components and heldtogetherSoftwarewrittentorunonaspecificPCoperatingsystemcantrunonanotherTousePCseffectively，onemustunderstandtheca
29、pabilitiesoftheiroperatingsystemssoftware18译译：个个人人计计算算机机软软件件建建立立于于特特定定的的操操作作系系统统和和计计算算机机。操操作作系系统统软软件件通通过过一一系系列列措措施施定定义义了了计计算算机机的的性性能能，包包括括如如何何控控制制程程序序执执行行、文文件件如如何何存存储储和和读读取取、系系统统硬硬件件组组件件如如何何管管理理等等。基基于于某某一一特特定定的的PC操操作作系系统统编编写写的的软软件件不不能能用用于于其其他他操操作作系系统统。为为了了有有效效利利用用PC机机，用户必须了解操作系统的特性。用户必须了解操作系统的特性。193
30、Anapplicationsoftware(alsocalledend-userprogram)isanyprogramdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctiondirectlyfortheuseror，insomecases，foranotherapplicationprogramExamples of application software include word processors；database programs； Web browsers； development tools；drawing， paint， andimageeditingprogra
31、ms； andcommunicationprogramsFigurativelyspeaking，applicationsoftwaresitsontopofsystemsoftwarebecauseitisunabletorunwithouttheoperatingsystemandsystemsoftware20译译：应应用用软软件件（又又称称作作终终端端用用户户程程序序）是是直直接接为为用用户户设设计计的的具具有有专专门门功功能能的的软软件件，或或在在某某些些情情况况下下，为为另另一一种种应应用用程程序序设设计计的的软软件件，应应用用软软件件的的例例子子有有：字字处处理理器器，数数据据库库程程序序，网网络络浏浏览览器器，开开发发工工具具，绘绘图图和和图图像像编编辑辑程程序序，通通信信程程序序等等。比比喻喻地地说说，应应用用软软件件坐坐在在系系统统软软件件的的上上面面，这这是是因因为为如如果果没没有有操操作作系系统统和和系系统公用程序应用软件将不能运行。统公用程序应用软件将不能运行。21
