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1、卡拉维拉县驰名的跳蛙马克吐温The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County1 Characters人物介绍人物介绍 I 叙述者叙述者 an upper class gentleman 知识阶层的绅士知识阶层的绅士2 Simon wheeler 西蒙西蒙维勒维勒 A rough, rude, uneducated miner粗鲁无知的采矿工人 3 Jim smiley 吉姆吉姆斯迈里斯迈里 A pitiable guy living on betting 嗜赌为命的可怜虫嗜赌为命的可怜虫4 Plot 情节情节A friend asked me to
2、 visit Simon wheeler, hoping to get some information about a man named Leonidas Simon. But after meeting Simon kept talking about another person named Jim Smiley who was a gambler. He told a long story about Jim and his famous frog, which bored me to death, at last I had to escape. And I supposed th
3、ere was no such a person, its a trick of my friend. 5 Writing style写作风格写作风格 (1)the use of native language and slangfellow-feller wasntwarntSos so long as justjestShe dont she doesnt Smily said smiley says(2) the use of official languageI hereonto append the result 正式语言和俚语、俗语强烈对比，突出身份和文化反差，达到幽默的效果6幽默
4、的描写语言的使用幽默的描写语言的使用 If there is a horse-race, hed bet on it If there is a dog-fight, hed bet on it If there is a cat-fight, hed bet on it If there is a chicken-fight, hed bet on it If there was two birds setting on a fence, hed bet you which would fly first Hed bet on anything !7Shed get well yetIll
5、risk two-and-a-half she dont你妻子会好起来的你妻子会好起来的/我打赌两块半她不会我打赌两块半她不会But always at the fag-end （对母马以及斗狗的描写）（对母马以及斗狗的描写）You never seen a frog so modest（对青蛙的描写）（对青蛙的描写）8 陌生化（陌生化（defamiliarization）陌生化是指通过一系列艺术加工和处理，有意识地使被感知陌生化是指通过一系列艺术加工和处理，有意识地使被感知对象变得困难，使它和读者原有的体验不一致甚至完全相反，对象变得困难，使它和读者原有的体验不一致甚至完全相反，使意义的获得
6、变得艰涩，延长了读者对形象的体验过程使意义的获得变得艰涩，延长了读者对形象的体验过程(1)语言语言不同阶层语言的对比不同阶层语言的对比(2)离奇故事的叙述离奇故事的叙述赛马、斗狗、跳蛙比赛中怪诞的情节赛马、斗狗、跳蛙比赛中怪诞的情节和结果和结果 (3)情节构造情节构造打听打听Leonidas Simon的的 息，变成了听息，变成了听wheeler无聊唠叨，出乎意无聊唠叨，出乎意 料料9 象征化象征化signifyDogAndrew Jackson对总统安德鲁对总统安德鲁杰克逊进行一番冷嘲热讽杰克逊进行一番冷嘲热讽FrogDaniel Webster政客丹尼尔政客丹尼尔韦伯斯特喜欢在韦伯斯特喜欢在一些问题上不断改变立场，一些问题上不断改变立场，就如青蛙啪嗒啪嗒跳一样。就如青蛙啪嗒啪嗒跳一样。跳蛙最后输掉了比赛，跳蛙最后输掉了比赛，政客丹尼尔政客丹尼尔韦伯斯特韦伯斯特最后也未能当上美国总统最后也未能当上美国总统10Thank you!11
