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1、主语（主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。句子说明的人或事物。1.The sun rises in the east. 2.He likes dancing. 3.Twenty years is a short time in history. 4.Seeing is believing. 5.To see is to believe.6.What he needs is a book. 7.It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （名词名词）（代词代词）（数词数词）（动名词动名词）（不定式不
2、定式）（主语从句主语从句）（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）The sun HeTwenty yearsSeeingTo seeWhat he needsItthat the elephant is round and tall like a tree.谓语（谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征说明主语的动作、状态和特征;由动词或动词由动词或动词词组充当；除了倒装等特殊情况外，谓语总是位于主语的后面，词组充当；除了倒装等特殊情况外，谓语总是位于主语的后面，即主语谓语。（注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要一致。）即主语谓语。（注意：谓语与主语在人称
3、与数方面要一致。）He doest like music.( )We have finished reading the book.（ ）We study English. （ ） He is asleep . （ ）I can swim .（ ）doest likehave finishedstudyis asleep助动词动词原形助动词动词原形 助动词动词过去分词助动词动词过去分词实义动词实义动词系动词表语系动词表语情态动词动词原形情态动词动词原形can swim表语（表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。性质、状态和特
4、征。He is a teacher. （ ） Seventy-four! You dont look it. （ ）Five and five is ten. （ ） He is asleep. （ ） His father is in. （ ） The picture is on the wall. ( )My watch is gone / missing / lost.（ ）To wear a flower is to say “Im poor, I cant buy a ring. （ ）The question is whether they will come. （ ）名词名词代词
5、代词数词数词形容词形容词副词副词介词短语介词短语形容词化的分词形容词化的分词不定式短语不定式短语表语从句表语从句a teacher ittenasleepinon the wallgone / missing / lostto say “Im poor, I cant buy a ringwhether they will come.常见的常见的系动词系动词有有: be, sound（听起来）（听起来）, look（看起来）（看起来）, feel (摸起来）摸起来） smell（闻起来）（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）（尝、吃起来）, get(become/turn)变为，成为变为，成为
6、 remain（保持，仍是）（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）（感觉） .It sounds a good idea. Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.The door remains open. Now I feel tired.soundslookssmellstastesremainsfeel 宾语：宾语：1）动作的承受者）动作的承受者-动宾动宾 I like China. （ ） He hates you. （ ） How many do you need? We need two. （ ）
7、I enjoy working with you. （ ） I hope to see you again. （ ） Did you write down what he said? （ ）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.3）双宾语）双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.China名词名词
8、you代词代词two数词数词动名词短语动名词短语working with you to see you again不定式短语不定式短语what he said宾语从句宾语从句the snakethe snowme a bookthe poor man some money宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。We elected him monitor. （ ） We all think it a pity that she didnt come here. （ ）We will make them happy. （ ） We found nobody i
9、n. ( ) Please make yourself at home. （ ） Dont let him do that. （ ）His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （ ）Dont keep the lights burning. （ ） Ill have my bike repaired. （ ） monitor名词名词a pity名词名词happy形容词形容词 in副词副词介词短语介词短语at homedo that省省to不定式短语不定式短语带带to不定式的短语不定式的短语to teach the lazy bo
10、y a lessonburning现在分词现在分词repaired过去分词过去分词主补：对主语的补充。主补：对主语的补充。He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room.He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 定语：定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（ ） He is our friend. （ ）We belong to the third wor
11、ld. （ ） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（ ）The man over there is my old friend.( ) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. ( )The boys playing football are in Class 2. （ ）The trees planted last year are growing well now. （ ） I have an idea to do it well. （ ）monitor singing in t
12、he next room to teach the lazy boy a lessonchemistry名词名词our形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词the third数词数词lazy形容词形容词over there副词短语副词短语with a baby in her arms介词短语介词短语playing football现在分词短语现在分词短语planted last year过去分词短语过去分词短语to do it well不定式短语不定式短语状语：状语：用来修饰用来修饰v., adj., adv., 或者或者 句子。句子。 表示时间、表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和
13、让步。地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。 （以下例句按上述顺序排列）（以下例句按上述顺序排列）I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well.He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much. If you stu
14、dy hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike. Though he is young, he can do it well. to learn English welltomorrowin the meeting roombecause of the hot weatherso that he failed in the examIf you study hardby bikeThough he is young简单句的五个基本句型：简单句的五个基本句型：主语主语 不及物动词不及物动词 She came/ My head
15、aches. 主语主语 及物动词及物动词 宾语宾语 She likes English.主语主语 系动词系动词 表语表语 She is happy主语主语 及物动词及物动词 (vt) + 双宾语（间接宾语双宾语（间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语 ） She gave John a bookShe bought a book for me.主语及物动词主语及物动词 宾语宾语 宾语补语宾语补语 She makes her mother angry 翻译下列句子：1.他的梦想是成为一名老师。 （主系表）His dream is to become a teacher.2.那老人耐心地等着。（主语主语 不及
16、物动词不及物动词 ）The old man waited patiently.3.他拒绝帮助他们。 （主语主语 及物动词及物动词 宾语宾语 ）He refused to help them.4.我们必须让学校变得更美丽。（主语及物动词主语及物动词 宾语宾语 宾语补语宾语补语 ）We must make our school more beautiful. 5. Mary写了封信给Tom 。主语主语 及物动词及物动词 (vt) + 双宾语（间宾双宾语（间宾 直宾直宾 ） Mary wrote Tom a letter. / Mary wrote a letter to Tom./ Mary wr
17、ote to Tom.翻译合并：翻译合并：翻译下列句子并注明各句的句型结构翻译下列句子并注明各句的句型结构1.这个学期王老师教我们英语。这个学期王老师教我们英语。Mr. Wang teaches us English this term.2.王老师来自湖南。王老师来自湖南。 He is from Hunan.3.他是一位优秀的英语教师。他是一位优秀的英语教师。 He is an excellent English teacher.4.他的课生动有趣。他的课生动有趣。 His classes are lively and interesting. 5.他的教学方法使我们对英语感兴趣。他的教学方法
18、使我们对英语感兴趣。 His teaching method makes us interested in English. (主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾)(主主+系系+表表)(主主+系系+表表)(主主+系系+表表)(主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补) 6.他常常给我们讲英语故事。他常常给我们讲英语故事。 He often tells us English stories7.他也要求我们在课堂上用英语表演。他也要求我们在课堂上用英语表演。 He also asks us to act in English in class.8.我们学习非常努力。我们学习非常努力。 We study very h
19、ard9.我们大多数人都擅长英语。我们都热爱他。我们大多数人都擅长英语。我们都热爱他。 Most of us are good at English We all love him(主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾) (主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补) (主主+谓谓)(主主+系系+表表)(主主+谓谓+宾宾)1. age, sex, birth-place, background (概况概况)2. appearance, character (外表、性格外表、性格)3. education (教育背景教育背景)4. big events in his or her life (in order of
20、time) (经历、生平经历、生平)5. evaluation (评价评价)合并：合并：Mr. Wang， an excellent teacher from Hunan， teaches us English. His classes are so lively and interesting that we are all interested in English. Not only does he often tell us English stories but also he asks us to act in English in class. We study hard and
21、 most of us are very good at English. We all love him. 句型概述：句型概述：there be结构的基本句式为：结构的基本句式为：there be +名词或代词名词或代词(+doing /done /to do/定语定语从句从句)+地点或时间地点或时间(可位于句首可位于句首)翻译填空：翻译填空：根据汉语句子完成英文句子，或用括号中所根据汉语句子完成英文句子，或用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，请特别留意给词的适当形式填空，请特别留意there be结构的用法。结构的用法。1. 曾有一位非常勤劳的农夫。曾有一位非常勤劳的农夫。(2005年广东卷年广
22、东卷) _who worked very hard.2. 一般说来，我作出这个决定有两个原因。一般说来，我作出这个决定有两个原因。(2008年上海年上海卷卷)Generally speaking, _for my decision. there are two reasonsThere was once a farmer3. 沿途沿途800米长的大街，有米长的大街，有300多家商店。多家商店。(2009北京卷北京卷)Along this 800-meter street,_.4. 今晚在上海体育馆将有一场中国队和韩国队的足球赛。今晚在上海体育馆将有一场中国队和韩国队的足球赛。 _a footb
23、all match between China and South Korea in Shanghai Stadium this evening.5. 已经有许多作家利用他们手中的笔同错误的事作斗争。已经有许多作家利用他们手中的笔同错误的事作斗争。(2009揭阳揭阳) _who used their pens to fight against things that were wrong.There have been many writersthere are more than 300 shopsThere will be 6. 似乎每分钟都有这种笑话被克隆出来。似乎每分钟都有这种笑话被克
24、隆出来。 _a new joke _ (clone) every minute. 7. 前门大街是步行街前门大街是步行街(pedestrian street)，但是那里有当，但是那里有当当车当车(trolley car)带你去商店、茶馆和剧院。带你去商店、茶馆和剧院。(2009北京卷北京卷)Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, but _ trolley cars _ (take) you to the shops, teahouses and theatres.8. 有许多人在观看足球赛。有许多人在观看足球赛。 _people_ (watch) the
25、 football match.9.然而，有一个错误我想指出来。然而，有一个错误我想指出来。(2009年湖北卷年湖北卷)However, Im afraid_.There seems to beclonedthere areto take/takingThere are a lot of watchingthere is one mistake Id like to point out10. 可能会有一个更好的方法来做这件事。可能会有一个更好的方法来做这件事。 _a more clever way to do this. 11. 我完全理解为什么我们为此事感到不快，但是没有必我完全理解为什么我
26、们为此事感到不快，但是没有必要感到太难过。要感到太难过。(2009年安徽卷年安徽卷)I fully understand why we are not comfortable about it, but_.12. 与传统课堂比起来，毫无疑问，在网络上学生可以得与传统课堂比起来，毫无疑问，在网络上学生可以得到更多的学习资源。到更多的学习资源。(2007年茂名二模年茂名二模)Compared to a traditional classroom, _ students can get more learning resources on the Net. there is no doubt tha
27、tThere might be theres no need to feel too sad1. (2009年江西卷年江西卷)We are sure that everything will be better_(随着时间随着时间的推移的推移). 2. (2009北京卷北京卷) _ (一到达一到达), we began to work immediately.3. (2009北京卷北京卷) _(做完那些做完那些工作之后工作之后), we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees, and _ (在离开之前在离开之前), we to
28、ok some photos to record our green action. before leavingwith time passing by(=As time passes by) Upon arrival /On arriving(=As soon as we arrived)After getting the work done4. (2009天津卷天津卷) _ (在在比赛的过程中比赛的过程中), you should finish your speech in five minutes and try your best to express yourself in Eng
29、lish fluently.5. (2009湖南卷湖南卷) _ (一听到铃声一听到铃声), students ran into the classroom as quickly as they could. 6. _ (随着科学和技术的发展随着科学和技术的发展), the world is changing every day.With the development of science and technologyIn the process of the competitionOn hearing the bell 句型概述：句型概述：并列复合句的句式结构如下。并列复合句的句式结构如下。
30、简单句简单句+并列连词并列连词(and, but, yet, or, etc.) +简单句。简单句。连词填空：连词填空：用适当的并列连词填空，理解、体会并熟记用适当的并列连词填空，理解、体会并熟记下列句子。下列句子。1. Work hard, _ you will fail.2. Work hard, _ you will get good grades.orand3. (2008江西卷江西卷)I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practicing English, _ I failed to pass the
31、mid-term examination. 4. (2004广东卷广东卷)About 9 oclock last night, I was busy preparing for my todays test_ suddenly loud noises came into my room. 5. (2007广东卷广东卷)Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols, _ 48% of the boys favor sports stars.butwhen =and just at that timewhile6. (2009江西卷江西卷)However, sometimes when you meet some difficulties, when you quarrel with others _when you fail in doing something, you may have a bad mood. 7. (2009辽宁卷辽宁卷)Next Saturday, we are going to pick apples in a village 20 kilometers away from our town, _ all are welcome. orand
