《胶体与界面化学习题课》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《胶体与界面化学习题课（40页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、课外作业课外作业 1 1Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Clie
2、nt Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 如果在理论上推导出在一般情形下，曲
3、面上点P的附加压力、表面张力、曲率半径之间有下述关系式成立 试求 1）平面，2）凸球面，3）圆柱面，4）一般凸二次光滑曲面的力学平衡表达式 Pr()课外作业课外作业 2 2Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 A
4、spose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 如图所示两种气泡情形，打开活塞连通时，预计会发生什么变化？指出气体流向，请给予理论证明。（）（）r rABRRrr（）（）ABr rPrRRr课外作业课外作业 3 3 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyrigh
5、t 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 已知CaCO3在500时分解压力为110-3 atm，表面张力为1.210 N/m，密度为3.9103 kg/m3。若将CaCO3研磨成半径为3010-9 m的粉末，求其在500时的分解压力为若干。（M CaCO3 = 100.1）课外作业课外作业 4 4Evaluation only.Created with A
6、spose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 已知对毛细管内任意旋转面，Y-L公式可写成Lord Rayleigh的级数近似式 式中，a为毛细管常数，h为到弯液面底的高度，r为毛细管半径，设0，式中第一项给出毛细升高的基本公式，试证明第二项是对球形
7、弯液面的重量校正。（设半球面的半径为r） 课外作业课外作业 5 5Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.h hEvaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 据不同作者的报告，25时浓度为10-4mol/L的油酸钠溶液，其表面张
8、力分别为（a）毛细管上升法 43 mN/m，（b）滴重法50 mN/m，躺滴法40 mN/m。试说明为什么会得到上述不同结果？哪个数据最可靠，为什么？课外作业课外作业 6 6Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011
9、Aspose Pty Ltd. 在20时，某化合物Y与H2O及Y与烃的界面张力分别为421.5 mN/m及378.1 mN/m。已知20时水的表面张力W72.8 mN/m，化合物Y的表面张力为Y484 mN/m，水和烃的界面张力W/H51.1 mN/m 试求该烃的表面张力 H H。 课外作业课外作业 7 7Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Asp
10、ose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 试证明符合上述关系的稀溶液的界面状态方程为：纯溶剂， b 常数） 对于一般极性有机物及非离子型表面活性剂，在溶液很稀时，溶液的表面张力降低与溶液浓度成正比，即 （课外作业课外作业 8 8Evaluation
11、 only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.19时，丁酸水溶液的表面张力可表示为 式中为纯水的表面张力，a和b皆为常数，试求：（1）溶液中丁酸的表面过剩量和溶液浓度c间的关系（2）若已知a = 1.3110-
12、2 N/m，b = 19.62 L/mol，试计算当c = 0.200 mol/L时为若干？（3）当丁酸的浓度足够大，达到bc1时，表面过剩量为若干？（设此时表面上丁酸成单分子层吸附，试计算在液面上每个丁酸分子所占的截面积。课外作业课外作业 9 9Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client
13、 Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.如图所示的表面膜体系，设每种表面上只存在一种表面相，且各组分间无任何化学反应，求:（1）相律表示式（2）1为平界面时的相律表示式（3）液滴2较大，可视作形成平界面时的相律表示式（4）设该图表示在与氮气接触的水表面上滴一小滴不溶于水的脂肪酸滴，求其相律课外作业课外作业
14、10 10 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Pro
15、file 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.现考虑在上述条件下的Gibbs公式的具体表示式：（1）表面活性剂溶液中有共同反离子的过量电解质存在（2）加入电解质无共同离子但具有缓冲作用（3）加入过量即具有反离子有具有缓冲作用的电解质（4）即无缓冲作用，又无其它电解质存在，自身水解少到不足以改变pH值（5）若在表面相中水解
16、很完全已推得1:1型部分水解的稀溶液的Gibbs公式如下：课外作业课外作业 11 11Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with
17、Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.在20时实验测得苯酚水溶液的表面张力为浓度（）0.0240.0470.1180.471（mN/m）72.672.271.366.5试由图解法求取溶液浓度为0.1时苯酚的表面过剩吸附量。 课外作业课外作业 12 12Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pt
18、y Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课外作业课外作业 13能否用Gibbs吸附定理解释 下降的原因？（表面已达到饱和单分子吸附）lnlnc Evaluation onl
19、y.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课外作业课外作业 1425 时从某种非离子表面活性剂水溶液测得如下：C106 （mol/L） 1.585 2.118 3.981 5.754 （mN/m） 66.0 63.
20、5 55.0 46.0 C106（mol/L） 8.128 12.590 25.120 63.100 （mN/m） 30.0 24.0 23.8 23.7 试求该种表面活性剂在20mN/m时的20及饱和吸附量。 方法：作lgC图 镜面法作若干条切线，求算d/dlgC由求 关系 作 图，查索 及 Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Sl
21、ides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
