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1、ReadingComprehensionTest-settingPatterns:1.MainIdea2.ComprehensionofDetails3.ComprehensionofWords4.InferentialComprehension阅读技巧As a rule, reading work As a rule, reading work should begin with a general should begin with a general or global understanding of or global understanding of the text, and t
2、hen move to the text, and then move to smaller units such as smaller units such as paragraphs, sentences and paragraphs, sentences and words. words. - Eddio - Eddio WilliamsWilliamsTIPSA. Main Idea/Best TitleQuestion forms:1.1.The main idea of this passage is The main idea of this passage is _._.2.2
3、.WhatWhats the best title of the s the best title of the passage?passage?3.3.The last paragraph is chiefly The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with _.concerned with _.4.4.WhatWhats the text mainly about?s the text mainly about?5.5.What does the passage talk What does the passage talk about/discu
4、ssabout/discuss? ?Skills: Find out topic sentencesFind out topic sentencesHowtofindthemainideaofapassageSometimes the first sentence of a passage is the topic sentenceSometimes the last sentence is the topic sentenceSometimes the topic sentence is in the middle of a passageSometimes you have to put
5、several key sentences together to get the main ideaSometimes you cant find the topic sentence in the passage. You have to sum it up yourself.应试技巧应试技巧 如何寻找主题句如何寻找主题句Sample1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some
6、 prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti意大利式面条, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. （1）主题句在段首）主题句在段
7、首一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。Sample2Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocraticdiscussiontypeofclass.Noteachingmethodcanbedevisedtosatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.（2 2）主题句也会出现在段尾主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实
8、依据作者先摆出事实依据, , 层层推理论证层层推理论证, , 最后自然得出结论最后自然得出结论, , 即段落的主题。即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现, ,它是此段内容的结它是此段内容的结论。论。 Sample3Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightonadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Find
9、ingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhand.Acamperalsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.（3 3）在短文中间在短文中间当主题句被安排在段中间时, 通常前面只提出问题， 文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展.returnExample： Thatnight，themenofhisownvillagecametotheschoolForawhilenoonesaidanythingAtlastCarloss
10、poke，“Wewanttothankyouforbeinginourvillage，”hesaid“Wewanttothankyouforteachingourchildren”Edlookedathim“Iliketeachingyourchildren，”hesaid“Thenpleasedontleaveus，”CarlossaidEdunderstoodNowheknewwhythemenwerethereTheyhadheardEdtalkabouttheothervillageTheythoughthewasgoingtheretoteach“ButIamnotleaving.”
11、Edsaid. Whatsthemainideaofthispassage？ ATheschoolEdhadvisitedwasagreatschoolBThemenofthevillagewantedtothankEdCEdlikedteachingthechildrenofthevillagehelivedinDEdwaslovedandrespectedbythevillagersofthevillageheworkedin三三.Getting the main meaning.Getting the main meaning1.注重文章结构注重文章结构。2.找出主题句找出主题句,归纳每
12、小段段意归纳每小段段意综合各段段意综合各段段意,得出文章主旨。得出文章主旨。Anadvertisingsloganistoabrandwhateyesaretoaperson.Thesloganhelpspeopleunderstandthebrandbetterbytellingthemwhatitwantstoselltoitscustomers.Goodslogansleaveamessageinsidepeoplesminds.Itsalmostcertainthateverybrandhasapopularslogan.Passage1A.SloganispopularB.Sloga
13、nandbrandC.FamoussloganD.Whatisagoodslogan?1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?Passage2 WhenreportersandphotographersbegantofollowAlcindorclosely,Donohue,Alcindorscoach,protectedhisboyfirmly.HesimplyorderedAlcindortotalktonomemberofthepress,andthissuitedAlcindorfine.Hewasnotcomfortabletalkingtogrown
14、-ups,perhapsbecausehetoweredoverthem.Discouragedphotographersbeganfollowinghiminsecretasthoughhewereaneasily-frightenedgiraffe.Onceafterduckingintoasubwaytoescape,Alcindortoldafriendthatitwasallbecominglikepolicemenandrobbers.“Peoplewantyounotforyourself,”Donohuewarnedhim,“butbecauseyoureabasketball
15、player.Dontforgetthat.”2.Whatdoesthisparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.HowDonohueprotectedAlcindorfromthepress.B.HowAlcindordislikedmeetingreporters.C.WhythepressfollowedAlcindorclosely.D.WhythepublicwantedAlcindorbadly.（2005浙江浙江）TigersarefoundinmanyAsiancountriesIntheforestandgrasslands，atigerishardtoseeAti
16、gersgoldencolouredcoatwithitsdarkstripesisnoteasilyseenforitshairisthesamecolourasthebladesofyellowishgrassandpatchesofdeepshadowThiscamouflage（伪装）（伪装）isveryimportantbecausetigersarehuntersIfotheranimalscouldseeatigercoming，theywouldquicklyrunawayThetigerhasverystrong，sharpteethwhichareusedforseizin
17、gandeatingtheanimalsitcatchesThebesttitleforthispassageis_ATigersandOtherSmallAnimalsB.SomethingaboutTigersCTigersCamouflageDHowTigersLivePassage3Functionalbeveragesareaforeignconceptreferredtoas“drinksforspecificuse”.Theyincludesportsdrinks,whichhavevitaminsandmineralstohelpreplacethesaltandmineral
18、slostinsweat;andnutrientdrinks,whichhavecaffeineandsomethingtomakepeopleexcited.FunctionalbeverageshavebeenknowninAsiaandEuropeforsometime,butarerelativenewcomerstotheUSmarket.Previously,marketparticipantsbelievethatdrinkswereallaboutrefreshment.Functionalbeveragesoriginatedtheconceptthatbeveragesco
19、uldbesoldasa“lifestyle”product.Infact,oneofthemainforcesatworkamongtheAmericansisthelackoftime.Thissenseofspeedcausesconsumerstolookforquickandeasysolutions:functionalbeverageshavebenefitedfromthisattitude,ashavefunctionalfoods.Itiseasiertogrababottleofjuicethaneatanapple,easiertodownacereal(谷类食物谷类食
20、物)barthangetoutabowlandspoontoeatconventionalfood,andsoon.Youngconsumersareespeciallydrawntotheideaofconsumingafunctionalbeveragethatprovidesenergyaswellasacoolimage.Otherconsumerswhowanttodosomethinggoodforthemselvesfindfunctionaldrinksbetterthanmoreconventionalbeveragesthatdonothavetheadded“goodfo
21、ryou”poisoning.3.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?(answerwithin7words)3.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?(answerwithin7words)Ittellsuswhatfunctionalbeverageis.B. Comprehension of DetailsQuestion forms: 1. According to the passage, which of 1. According to the passage, which of the following is true/ not true?the fo
22、llowing is true/ not true? 2. According to the passage, which of 2. According to the passage, which of the following is not mentioned ?the following is not mentioned ? 3. All of the following are true EXCEPT 3. All of the following are true EXCEPT _._. 4. In the passage the writer states that 4. In
23、the passage the writer states that _._. 5. Choose the best order. 5. Choose the best order. 6.According to the passage, who/what/ 6.According to the passage, who/what/ which/when/where/why /how . ?which/when/where/why /how . ?Skills: 1.use scanning to find out the answer 1.use scanning to find out t
24、he answer directlydirectly 2.get rid of the wrong ones 2.get rid of the wrong onesPassage4AnnualdemandforpassengercarsinChina,theworldsfastestgrowingautomarket,isforecasttoincrease10-foldtomorethan20millionunitsby2020.BythenChinasroadsareexpectedtocarrysome156millionvehicles,theXinhuanewsagencysaid,
25、citing（引用）引用）aforecastbytheDevelopmentResearchCenter（DRC）oftheStateCouncil.Chinasestimatesarebasedonanaverageofeightpercentannualgrowthinthecountrysgrossdomesticproduct（GDP）,thereportsaid.In2003,demandpushedpassengercaroutputto2.01millionwith1.97millionofthecarsfindingbuyers,anincreaseof84.4percenta
26、nd84.7percentrespectively.ChinasurpassedFranceastheworldsfourthlargestvehicleproducerlastyearasoutputofsedans,trucks,vansandbuseshit4.44million.ChinaisexpectedtosurpassGermanyastheworldsthirdlargestmakerofautomobilesin2004,withproductionsettohit5.15millionunits.A.theXinhuanewsagencyB.theDevelopmentR
27、esearchCenterC.theStateCouncilD.theUSBureauofTransportation5.Accordingtothepassage,whomadetheforecastthatChinapassengercarsdemandisexpectedtohit20millionunitsby2020?A.20millionB.10millionC.5millionD.2million4.ThenumberofthepeoplewhodemandpassengercarsinChinathisyearisprobably_.A.ChinatooktheplaceofF
28、ranceastheworldsfourthlargestvehicleownerlastyear.B.ChinawillsurelytakeGermanysplaceastheworldsthirdlargestvehicleproducerin2004.C.PassengercaroutputinChinaincreasedby84.7percentin2003.D.SalesofpassengercarsinChinaincreasedby84.7percentin2003.7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtopassage?A
29、.theannualgrowthinChinasGDPB.thecontinuingexplosionofthewealthypeopleinthecityC.thestudyofXinhuanewsAgencyD.thestudyoftheStateCouncil6.Theforecastwasbasedon_.Thecoyoteoriginallylivedinthemiddleofthecontinent.Oneofitsmostobviouscharactersisitssmartness,whichhasmadetheanimalanotorious（臭名昭著的）臭名昭著的）pest
30、.Hunterstrapped,shotandpoisonedmorethanamillioncoyotesinthe1900s.ItsstilloneofAmericasmosthuntedanimals.Yetthecoyotehassurvived.Howhasthecoyoteshownthisextraordinaryability?“Iguessifyouwantedtouseoneword,itdbeplasticity,”saysErieGese,anexpertatUtahStateUniversity.Coyotescanlivealone,inpairs,orinlarg
31、epackslikewolves;huntatnightorduringtheday,occupyasmallregionoranareaupto40squaremiles;andliveonallsortsoffood,fromlizards（蜥蜴）蜥蜴）andPassage5（2006 湖南）湖南）shoes,toantsandmelons.UnbelievablypeoplehelpedcoyotesincreasewhentheykilledmostofthewolvesintheUnitedStates.Thespreadingofcoyotesintocityareas,thoug
32、h,isrecent.Theytravelatnight,crossingsidewalksandbridges.runningalongroadsandduckingintoculverts(钻入涵洞钻入涵洞)andunderpasses.Nooneknowswhycoyotesaremovingintocities,butexpertsexplainthatcleverer,morehuman-tolerant(不怕人的不怕人的)coyotesareteachingurbansurvivalskillstonewgenerations.A.originallylivedinthewesto
33、fthecontinentB.sleepduringthedaybutlookforfoodatnightC.areteachingsurvivalskillstotheiryoungergenerationsD.sufferedapopulationdecreasebecausepeoplekilledwolves8.Accordingtothepassage,coyotes_.Passage3Functionalbeveragesareaforeignconceptreferredtoas“drinksforspecificuse”.Theyincludesportsdrinks,whic
34、hhavevitaminsandmineralstohelpreplacethesaltandmineralslostinsweat;andnutrientdrinks,whichhavecaffeineandsomethingtomakepeopleexcited.FunctionalbeverageshavebeenknowninAsiaandEuropeforsometime,butarerelativenewcomerstotheUSmarket.Previously,marketparticipantsbelievethatdrinkswereallaboutrefreshment.
35、Functionalbeveragesoriginatedtheconceptthatbeveragescouldbesoldasa“lifestyle”product.Infact,oneofthemainforcesatworkamongtheAmericansisthelackoftime.Thissenseofspeedcausesconsumerstolookforquickandeasysolutions:functionalbeverageshavbenefitedfromthisattitude,ashavefunctionalfoods.Itiseasiertogrababo
36、ttleofjuicethaneatanapple,easiertodownacereal(谷类食物谷类食物)barthangetoutabowlandspoontoeatconventionalfood,andsoon.Youngconsumersareespeciallydrawntotheideaofconsumingafunctionalbeveragethatprovidesenergyaswellasacoolimage.Otherconsumerswhowanttodosomethinggoodforthemselvesfindfunctionaldrinksbetterthan
37、moreconventionalbeveragesthatdonothavetheadded“goodforyou”poisoning.9.Whydoyoungconsumerslikefunctionalbeverages?(answerwithin9words)9.Whydoyoungconsumerslikefunctionalbeverages?(answerwithin9words)Becausetheyprovideenergyandacoolimage.C. Comprehension of WordsWords in context: Guess the meaning of
38、Guess the meaning of a new word or phrase or guess the new a new word or phrase or guess the new meaning of anmeaning of an“oldold”wordwordQuestion forms:1.1.The word The word “” refers to/ means/could refers to/ means/could best be replaced by _.best be replaced by _.2.2.The underlined word/sentenc
39、e means The underlined word/sentence means _._.3.3.Find in the passage a word closest in Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word meaning to the underlined word “”. .Skills: Make full use of context cluesMake full use of context clues TIPSWords, like people, are frequentl
40、y known by the company they keep. A words context or surroundings, can provide clues to meaning.Guessing the meaning10.Ourgovernmentismakingeffortstobetterthelifeofthevillagers“better”means“”.11.Whenwritinganarticle，weoftenusesimile，suchas“braveasalion”and“quicklikelightning”“simile”means“”.（构词法构词法）
41、improvecomparingonethingto（根据例子）（根据例子）another常见的信号词：suchas,forexample,forinstance等。12.Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely“homely”means“”.ugly（反义词、同义词）（反义词、同义词）反义词反义词常见信号词：常见信号词：however,but,while,whereas,unlike,otherwise等；等；同义词同义词常见信号词：常见信号词：or,namely,thatis,i.e.,thatistosay,等。等
42、。13.TodaywasaveryhecticdayformeIwokeuplate，hurriedtotheoffice，workeduntilfour，wenttothestore，cookeddinnerandwashedclothesIdidsomanythingsthatIwascertainlyverytired“hectic”means“”.busy（根据解释）（根据解释）14.EveryoneagreedthatthewomaninthephotowasgorgeousItwaseasytoseewhyshehadwonthebeautycontest“gorgeous”mea
43、ns“”.15.TheheatofsunwarmssomeoceanwaterThesurfaceofthewaterevaporates，formingacloudofwarm，wetairthatmovesupward“evaporates”means“”.beautifulturnsintovapour（根据上下文）（根据上下文）（根据常识）（根据常识）Thecoyoteoriginallylivedinthemiddleofthecontinent.Oneofitsmostobviouscharactersisitssmartness,whichhasmadetheanimalanot
44、orious（臭名昭著的）臭名昭著的）pest.Hunterstrapped,shotandpoisonedmorethanamillioncoyotesinthe1900s.ItsstilloneofAmericasmosthuntedanimals.Yetthecoyotehassurvived.Howhasthecoyoteshownthisextraordinaryability?“Iguessifyouwantedtouseoneword,itdbeplasticity,”saysErieGese,anexpertatUtahStateUniversity.Coyotescanliv
45、ealone,inpairs,orinlargepackslikewolves;huntatnightorduringtheday,occupyasmallregionoranareaupto40squaremiles;andliveonallsortsoffood,fromlizards（蜥蜴）蜥蜴）andPassage5（2006 湖南）湖南）16.Theunderlinedword“plasticity”inParagraph1refersto_.A.theabilitytofittheenvironmentB.notorioussmartnessC.huntingabilityD.be
46、inghuman-tolerantThecoyoteoriginallylivedinthemiddleofthecontinent.Oneofitsmostobviouscharactersisitssmartness,whichhasmadetheanimalanotorious（臭名昭著的）臭名昭著的）pest.Hunterstrapped,shotandpoisonedmorethanamillioncoyotesinthe1900s.ItsstilloneofAmericasmosthuntedanimals.Yetthecoyotehassurvived.Howhasthecoyo
47、teshownthisextraordinaryability?“Iguessifyouwantedtouseoneword,itdbeplasticity,”saysErieGese,anexpertatUtahStateUniversity.Coyotescanlivealone,inpairs,orinlargepackslikewolves;huntatnightorduringtheday,occupyasmallregionoranareaupto40squaremiles;andliveonallsortsoffood,fromlizards（蜥蜴）蜥蜴）andPassage5（
48、2006 湖南）湖南）Passage6BEIJING,Dec9-AnaltercationwithsomeVietnamesesovertheuseofawashroommighthavebeenthecauseofthedeathoftwoChinesestudentsinOttawaTuesdaymorning.Thetwostudents,namedTianLinhaiandLiuTailang,wereshotdeadattheFull-houseKaraokeTeaCafinthecitysChinatownatabout2:45am,localpoliceconfirmedyest
49、erday.AreportonalocalChinesewebsitesaidthetwostudentshadabitterquarrelwithagroupofVietnameseovertheuseofawashroomandcametoblows.17.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“altercation”.Quarrel.D. Text-based Inferential ComprehensionImplied meaningQuestion forms:1.1.It can be inferred
50、/concluded from the It can be inferred/concluded from the passage that _.passage that _.2.2.The passage implies/suggests The passage implies/suggests that_.that_.3.3.The passage is probably taken The passage is probably taken from_.from_.4.4.WhatWhats the purpose of the passage?s the purpose of the
51、passage?5.5.WhatWhats the authors the authors attitude s attitude towardstowards? ? 6.6.WhatWhats the authors the authors opinion s opinion about/onabout/on? ?Find out the related information or hints.Put yourself in the writers shoes !Skills:A.ComputerswillsoonstopdevelopingB.Manypeoplelikecomputer
52、sverymuchC.ComputersareascleverasmanD.IdonotthinkcomputerswillreplaceuscompletelyWeareinthecomputerageWeoftenseecomputersatworkTheyareusefulinautomaticcontrol，dataprocessingandsolvingcomplicatedproblemsMoreandcleverercomputerswillcontinuetoappearTheywillrunfaster，havemorefunctionsandworkmuchmoreskil
53、lfullyTheywilltakeovermoretasksfromus，helpingtochangethefaceofourworldSomepeopleeventhinkthatsoonerorlatercomputerswillreplaceus.HoweverLogicinferences（根据事实、论点、例证、上下文逻辑推断）（根据事实、论点、例证、上下文逻辑推断）Passage718.Whichofthefollowingstatementswillbestcontinuetheparagraph？Passage8（2005北京北京）Thereisnonecessaryconn
54、ectionbetweentheThereisnonecessaryconnectionbetweenthesymbolandthatwhichitstandsfor.Justassocialsymbolandthatwhichitstandsfor.Justassocialpositionscanbesymbolizebyfeatherswornonthepositionscanbesymbolizebyfeatherswornonthehead,bygoldonthewatchchain,orbyathousandhead,bygoldonthewatchchain,orbyathousa
55、ndotherthingsaccordingtotheculturewelivein,sootherthingsaccordingtotheculturewelivein,sothefactofbeinghungrycanbesymbolizedbyathefactofbeinghungrycanbesymbolizedbyathousanddifferentnoiseaccordingtotheculturewethousanddifferentnoiseaccordingtotheculturewelivein.livein.19.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassa
56、ge?A.Differentnoisesmaymeandifferentthings.B.Ourculturedetermineswhatasymbolstandsfor.C.ThelanguageweusesymbolizesoursocialpositionsD.Oursocialpositionsdeterminethewaywearedressed.Whyisntyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutismurder，bribery（行贿），行贿），anddeathFrankly，ImsickofallthisbadnewsAtt
57、itudeinferences（根据能表达作者态度的词推断）（根据能表达作者态度的词推断）Passage920.Thisauthorsattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.informPassage10Readingisnotatimeless,commonability.AsmoreAmericanslosethisability,ournationbecomeslessinformed,active,andindependentminded.Thesearenotqualitiestha
58、tafree,inventive,orproductivesocietycanaffordtolose.21.Theauthorofthepassage_.A.misunderstandsoralcultureB.doubtstheresultsofthesurveyC.encouragestheAmericanstoreadmoreD.agreestothesolutiontopresentprobleminreading（2006 湖南）湖南）Passage11Whatwouldyoudoifahungrysharkattackedyou?Whysharksattack?Nooneknow
59、swhysharksattackpeople.Scientistssaythatitmaybeacaseofmistakenidentity.Toashark,aswimmercanlooklikeaseal.Andmanysharkseatseals.Tourismmaybeabiggerproblem.Manypeoplewanttoseesharksupclose.Sotheythrowfishpartsintothesea.Hungrysharksthenswimtowardthetouristsboats.Sharksmaylearntogotothesameplacesagaina
60、ndagaintofindfood.Sharksmaynotevenlikehowpeopletaste.Scientistspointoutthatsharksoftenleaveafterjustonebite.Ofcourse,evenasinglesharkbitecanbedeadly.Whosafraidofwhom?Sharkattacksaredangerous.Luckily,theyarealsorare.Worldwide,sharksattackfewerthanahundredpeopleayear.Onlyaboutsixdie.Overall,though,sha
61、rkshavefarmorereasonstofearusthanwehavetofearthem.DeeptroubleASdeadlyassomesharkslook,thefearsomefisharenotunstoppable.Nearly80sharkspeciesareindangerofdyingout.“Timeisrunningoutforthesespecies,”saysSonjiaFordham,ascientistattheOceanConservancy.“Programstoprotectsharksandtheirhabitatareurgentlyneededtoensurethatthesespeciessurvive.”22.Whatisthescientistsattitudetowardsthefutureofsharks?(answerwithin6words)Theyareworriedaboutit.& Practice makes perfect! No way in the world is the best but yours.本文来自网络，请不要使用盗版文档，尊重作者的辛苦劳动，谢谢G我爱朱丹老婆2888808080Lvdd我爱你ZDLP
