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1、西安市七十八中学 郝愿池初中定语从句讲解初中定语从句讲解定义定义:在复合句中修饰名词或代在复合句中修饰名词或代词词 的句子的句子. (Attributive clause)Lucy is a tall girl.Lucy is a girl who has curly hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句定语从句1.The man is a worker.2.The man is talking on the phone.合并句子合并句子: : The man who is talking on the phone is a wo
2、rker.Tom is a boy.Tom has brown hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Tom is a boy who has brown hair.指人指人指人指人指物指物指物指物主语主语主语主语宾语宾语宾语宾语thatthat whichwhichwhowhowhomwhom关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, , 用用which 或或that引导引导. .These are the books which were bought last month.当先行词是人时当先行词是
3、人时, , 用用who, whom, whose, that引导引导.Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The boywhom you are looking for is my brother.The boy is my brother.You are looking for the boy.分解分解作宾语作宾语who, whom, whose, that用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语. The man who is talking on the phone is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is
4、 talking on the phone.分解分解作主语作主语whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the boy whose brother is a movie star.分解分解I know the boy.The boys brother is a movie star .作定语作定语that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意: : 关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略. . The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.定语从句只用that的情
5、况1. 1. 当先行词是当先行词是everything, anything, nothing everything, anything, nothing （something something 除外）除外）, all, none, few, , all, none, few, little, somelittle, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muchmuch等词修饰时。如：等词修饰时。如：Have y
6、ou set down everything that Have you set down everything that MrMr Li said? Li said?There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.注意：注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词whowho。如：。如：Any man that / who has a sense of
7、 duty wont do such a thing.Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.n n2. 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie
8、 that I watched was the The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic.Titanic.3. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the best museum that I have visited all my This is the best museum that I have visited all my life.life.4. 4. 当先行词被当先行词被the very, the only, the first / lastthe very
9、, the only, the first / last等等修饰时。如：修饰时。如：She is the only person that understands me.She is the only person that understands me.After the big fire, the old car is the only thing that After the big fire, the old car is the only thing that he owns.he owns.注意：注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who
10、who。如：。如：Wang Wang HuaHua is the only person in our school who is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.will attend the meeting.n n5. 5. 当先行词前面有当先行词前面有who, whichwho, which等疑问代词时。等疑问代词时。如：如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the Who is the man that is standing in front of
11、 the crowd?crowd?Which is the room that Which is the room that MrMr Wang lives in? Wang lives in?6. 6. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如：当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.walking up the street.7. 7. 当先行词是当先行词是reason, wayreason, way（
12、方法）等词时，关系代词常用（方法）等词时，关系代词常用thatthat代替代替in which, for which, why, in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：也常可省略。如：She admired the way She admired the way （thatthat） they solved the questionsthey solved the questions口诀：先行是个不定代，口诀：先行是个不定代，the very/only/first;the very/only/first; 有高有高, ,序，序， some,all,much,few
13、some,all,much,few; ; 指物人，指物人， 有了有了which/whowhich/who关系副词关系副词关系副词关系副词when, where, whywhen, where, why的用法以及与关系代的用法以及与关系代的用法以及与关系代的用法以及与关系代词的区分。词的区分。词的区分。词的区分。关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词句子加上特定的关系副词。egeg. I wont forget the time when
14、 I got married. I wont forget the time when I got married.Have you still remember the days when we stayed Have you still remember the days when we stayed together?together?This is the place where we had a good time.This is the place where we had a good time.Is this the house where Is this the house
15、where MrMr Smith lives? Smith lives?I dont know the reason why he wont join us.I dont know the reason why he wont join us.Do you know the reason why he didnt come to Do you know the reason why he didnt come to sweep the classroom?sweep the classroom?ExercisesExercises; ;Fill in the blanks with suita
16、ble relative pronouns.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns.1. This is the only book _ I got last year.1. This is the only book _ I got last year.2. Is this the book in _ you are interested?2. Is this the book in _ you are interested?3. This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.3.
17、 This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist 4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist ( (存在存在)in the mother school.)in the mother school.5. All the desks _ are bought look really wonderful.5. All the desks _ are bought look reall
18、y wonderful.6. Do you have any money _is used to build the 6. Do you have any money _is used to build the factory?factory?7. Tom has a toy, _ was given by his father.7. Tom has a toy, _ was given by his father.8. This is the second watch _ my father bought for me. 8. This is the second watch _ my fa
19、ther bought for me. HOMEWORK1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.
