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1、Module 3 HeroesUnit 1 She trained hard, so she became a great player later.1. including prep. 包含;包括包含;包括 【点拨】including作介词,后接名词或代词构成介宾短语,意为“包括在内”。如: Ten members were present at the meeting, including myself 10个人出席了会议,包括我自己。2. attend v. 上(学);出席;参加(事件或活动)上(学);出席;参加(事件或活动)【点拨】attend作动词,意为“上(学);出席;参加”。如:
2、 Only 20 people attended the meeting yesterday. 昨天只有20人参加了会议。 All children between the age of 5 and 16 must attend school. 年龄在516岁的孩子必须上学。3. give up 放弃(努力)放弃(努力) 【点拨】give up意为“放弃”,可直接跟名词或动词-ing形式作宾语,后接代词作宾语时,要将代词放在give和up之间。如: David has decided to give up football at the end of this year. 戴维已经决定今年年底
3、就不再踢足球了。 give up doing sth.表示“放弃做某事”。如: Why dont you give up smoking? 你为什么不戒烟?4. as well as 不仅不仅而且而且 【点拨】(1)as well as表示“不仅而且”,强调as well as前面的内容。如: On Sundays, the landlady provided him with dinner as well as breakfast. 每逢星期天女房东不仅为他提供早餐,还为他提供正餐。 (2)as well as还可与and进行同义句改写。如: I want to read newspaper
4、s and magazines. I want to read newspapers as well as magazines.5. win与与beat 【辨析】win和beat都可用作及物动词,作“赢;战胜”讲时,其区别主要在于宾语的不同。 (1)充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词,即race, match, game, competition, war, prize之类的词。如: They won the match this time. 这次,他们赢得了比赛。 He won the first prize in the surfing competition. 他在冲浪比赛
5、中获得第一。 (2)充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手,即指人或球队的名词或代词。如: We played very well, and we beat them. 我们发挥很好,打败了他们。 We beat the strongest team in the football match this time. 在这次足球赛中,我们战胜了最强的那个队。6. say, speak, talk与与tell 【辨析】(1)say着重说话的内容。如: He can say his name. 他会说他的名字。 Please say it in English. 请用英语说它。 Shes sayi
6、ng, “Dont draw on the wall.” 她在说:“别在墙上画画。” (2)speak强调说的动作,后接某种语言作宾语。常见的短语有:speak of sth./sb.,意为“谈到某事(某人)”;speak to sb.,意为“跟某人讲话”。此外,speak还有“演讲;演说”之意。如: Can you speak Japanese? 你会说日语吗? She is speaking to her teacher. 她正在跟她的老师说话。 He spoke at the meeting yesterday. 他昨天在会上讲了话。 (3)talk意为“交谈;谈话”,着重强调两人之间相
7、互说话。如: She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露西用英语交谈。 What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么? The teacher is talking to him. 老师正在和他谈话。 (4)tell常作及物动词,有以下几种含义: 1)意为“告诉;讲述;说”,后面常跟双宾语结构或从句。常见短语:tell sb. sth.tell sth. to sb.,意为“告诉某人某事”。如: He told us how the accident happened. 他告诉我们那次事故是怎么发生的。 She told me
8、 that she would be back in an hour. 她告诉我她一个小时内就会回来。 Did he tell you when to start out? 他有没有告诉你什么时候出发? 2)意为“吩咐;命令”。如: Tell him not to come tomorrow. 叫他明天别来。 3)意为“识别;辨别”。如: I really cant tell which is which. 我实在分辨不出哪个是哪个。 1. Whatever she does, she never gives up! 无论她做什么,她都决不放弃!无论她做什么,她都决不放弃! 【点拨】这是由wh
9、atever引导的让步状语从句。如: Whatever we said, hed disagree. 无论我们说什么,他都不同意。 Well go along together whatever happens. 不管发生什么情况我们都要一起走。Dont lose heart whatever difficulties you meet with. 不管遇到什么困难都不要灰心。 Whatever you do, I wont tell you my secret. 不管你做什么,我都不会把我的秘密告诉你。 Whatever happens, well meet here tonight. 不管
10、发生什么事情,我们今晚都在这儿碰头。 Whatever happens, the first important thing is to keep cool. 不管发生什么事,头等重要的是保持冷静。 【延伸】whatever还能用来引导名词性从句,如主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。如: Whatever she did was right. (主语从句) 她做的一切都是对的。 I will do whatever you wish. (宾语从句) 我可以做任何你想要我做的事。 It is whatever he has. (表语从句) 这就是他所拥有的一切。 2. Yes, and she he
11、lped make the Beijing Olympics a victory for world sport. 是的,并且她使得北京奥运会成为世界体育的一是的,并且她使得北京奥运会成为世界体育的一次胜利。次胜利。 【点拨】句中的make the Beijing Olympics a victory是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构,在这一结构中,宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词和省略to的不定式来充当。如: A good friend is someone who makes you happy. 好朋友是使你开心的人。(形容词作宾语补足语) The manager made me work for 10 hours every day. 经理让我每天工作10个小时。 (省略to的不定式作宾语补足语)