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1、Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero Warming up, Prereading, Reading & Comprehending1 1自自主主预预习习2 2合合作作探探究究3 3巩巩固固提提升升4 4课课 时时 作作 业业自自 主主 预预 习习单词速记1_ (n.)质量；品质；性质2_ (adj.)吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3_ (adj.)慷慨的；大方的4_ (vt.)建立；建设5_ (n.)人类6_ (adj.)法律的；依照法律的7_ (n.)舞台；阶段；时期8_ (vt.& vi.)投票；选举(n.)投票；选票；表决9_ (vt.)进攻；攻击；抨击10_ (
2、adj.)乐意的；自愿的qualitymeangenerousfoundmankindlegalstagevoteattackwilling11_ (adj.)不公正的；不公平的12active(adj.)积极的；活跃的 _ (n.)活动13self(n.)自我；自身 _ (adj.)自私的 _ (反)无私的；忘我的 _ (adv.)无私地；忘我地14devote(vt.)献身；专心于 _ (adj.)忠实的；深爱的 _ (n.)忠实；献身15peaceful(adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的 _ (n.)和平16guidance(n.)指导；领导 _ (vt.)引导17hopeful(adj
3、.)怀有希望的；有希望的 _ (adj.)绝望的18equal(adj.)相等的；平等的 _ (adv.)平等地；相等地equality(n.)平等；相等unfairactivityselfishselflessselflesslydevoteddevotionpeaceguidehopelessequally短语互译1把奉献于；专心于 _ 2对慷慨 _ 3对感激 _ 4用一种和平的方式 _ 5out of work _ 6as a matter of fact _ 7blow up _ 8be put in prison _ 9in trouble _ 10turn to _ devote.
4、tobe generous withbe grateful forin a peaceful way失业事实上使充气；爆炸把投入监狱在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中求助于；致力于课文理解First略读主旨1Match the main idea of each paragraph.Paras.1,2 _ AThe change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela didParas.35 _ BThe life of Elias before he met Nelson MandelaBA2What does t
5、he passage tell us？ _ AA black man named Elias and his hard life in South Africa.BMr Mandelas lifelong struggle for the black peoples rights.CElias description of his contact with Mr Mandela.DThe deep friendship between Elias and Mr Mandela.CSecond细读细节1Why did Elias have to leave school？ _ AHe didnt
6、 have a passbook.BHis home was far from the school.CHis family couldnt afford the school fees.DHe couldnt read or write.2Nelson Mandela opened a black law firm in order to _ .Amake moneyBhelp the poor black people with their problemsCmake himself famousDstudy lawCB3How did Nelson Mandela help Elias
7、keep his job？ _ AHe talked with Elias boss. BHe helped him get the correct papers.CHe lent him some money. DHe asked him to go to court.4Why did Elias help Nelson Mandela blow up some government buildings？ _ AHe liked violence.BIt was not dangerous.CIt was a way to make black and white people equal.
8、DHe wanted to be famous.BC5What dream did Nelson Mandela have？ _ ATo become the president of South Africa.BTo win the Nobel Peace Prize.CTo make black and white people equal.DTo blow up some government buildings.CThird精读语篇Do you know the former president of South Africa，Nelson Mandela? He fought 1_
9、the black people and was 2_ prison for thirty yearsHe helped the black people to get equal rights as the white people.forinElias was a student in a schoolBecause his family couldnt afford 3_ (pay) the school fees, he had to drop out of schoolThen he found a job in a gold mine and he was worried whet
10、her he would be 4_ of workIt was during this difficult period of time 5_ he met Nelson Mandela for the first time, who had opened a law firm 6_ (advise) poor black people on their problemsAt that time, black people had no right 7_ (vote) and their life was decided by the whitesNelson Mandela said to
11、 Elias that they were put in a position 8_ they had either to accept they were less important，or fight the governmentSo he decided to use 9_ (violent)Though Elias didnt like violence，he helped Nelson Mandela blow 10_ government buildingsHe knew it was dangerous to do it, but he also knew it was to r
12、ealize their dream of making black and white people equal.to payoutthatto adviseto votewhereviolenceupFourth研读难句1However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.分析：本句是主从复合句。time是先行词，when引导的是 _ ，when在从句中作 _ 。译文： _ 定语从句状语然而，那时必须有身份证才能住在约翰内斯堡。2Sadly I did not have o
13、ne because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.分析：本句是主从复合句。and连接了两个并列句，在第一个句子中，because引导的是 _ 从句。在第二个句子中，whether引导的是 _ 从句。译文：_ _原因状语宾语遗憾的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我会失业。3But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black an
14、d white people equal.分析：本句是主从复合句。But I was happy to help是主句。because引导的是 _ 从句，在这个从句中，it would.是 _ 从句。译文： _ _原因状语宾语但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道这将帮助我们实现使黑人和白人平等的梦想。合合 作作 探探 究究(1)U，C质量；品质These are leather goods of high quality.这些是高质量的皮革制品。He has many good qualities, but his best quality is his kindness.他有许多良好的品质，而最好的品
15、质是为人善良。重 点 词 汇1quality n.(2)C，U性质；特征；特质；特色He shows quality of leadership.他显示出领导才能。One quality of this plastic is that it is almost unbreakable.这种塑料有个特点是不易断裂。of good/high quality 质量好的of quality优质的；素质好的in quality在质量上单句语法填空The fridge is _ high quality and is not expensive either.解析：考查介词。句意：这台冰箱质量非常好，而且
16、不贵。of high quality质量好的。用quality和quantity的正确形式填空He drank a small _ of water.Watches made in Shanghai are of high _ .ofquantityqualityShes always been mean with money.她在花钱方面总是非常吝啬。Shes too mean to help other people.她很自私，不肯帮助他人。2mean adj吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的Im terribly sorry, but I didnt mean to upset your p
17、lan.真对不起，但我并非有意打乱你的计划。Bob is determined to get a seat for the concert even though it means standing in line all night for the ticket.鲍勃决心要买到音乐会的票，即使那意味着整夜排队。The rich boss who is usually mean to his workers is so mean with money that he is mean to donate any to those in need.那位富有的老板通常对他的工人很刻薄，他对钱非常吝啬
18、，不愿捐钱给那些需要帮助的人。完成句子Dont _ (对别人太刻薄), or youll never make any friends.For me, buying an apartment in the suburbs means _ (乘地铁上班)She is generous with her time, but _ (在金钱方面很吝啬)be too mean to othersgoing to work by subwaymean with money单句语法填空I mean _ (rescue) the people trapped in the ruins.This means _
19、 (set) off right away.Youll gradually understand the _ (mean) of English articles if you can enrich your vocabulary.(2018天津高考，12改编)I didnt mean _ (eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help _ (try) it.解析： mean doing sth.意味着.，mean to do sth.打算做某事；第二空try to do sth.努力做某事，try doin
20、g sth.尝试。句意：我没打算吃东西，但是冰激凌看起来太好吃了我情不自禁尝了一下。to rescuesettingmeaningto eattryingAlthough he is nearly 80, he is still very active.尽管快80岁了，他还是十分活跃。And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.并且鸟儿接触光线越多，它们在晚上就更活跃。3active adj.积极的；活跃的(1)be active in sth./doing sth积极参与take an
21、active part in 积极参加(2)activity n活动actively adv.积极地；活跃地Professor though he was, he took an active part in politics.虽然他是个大学教授，他在政治上很活跃。Its very likely that you want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activities.你很有可能想让志愿者帮助组织里的一些活动。完成句子The girl _ (在方面积极的) organizing all kinds of activit
22、ies.Though she has difficulty in walking, she _ (积极参加) volunteer work.While a person is asleep, a part of his brain _ (仍然活跃)My teacher _ (说服我积极参加)various class activities.is active intakes an active part inis still activepersuaded me to take an active part inThe lawyer was a warm, generous and kindh
23、earted man.这个律师是个热情、大方、善良的人。It was really generous of you to forgive me.你原谅我，你真是宽宏大量。4generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；大度的be generous to do sth做某事很慷慨/大方be generous to 对慷慨/大方It is generous of sbto do sth某人做是大方的It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.他主动为我们俩付钱，真是太慷慨了。完成句子Your father _ to give you so mu
24、ch money.你的父亲很大方给了你这么多钱。The old gentleman _ the poor.那位老绅士对穷人非常大方。 _ to share your food with us.你把食物与我们分享，真慷慨。was very generousis quite generous toIt is very generous of youA great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.伟人就是将他/她的一生致力于帮助别人的人。He devoted himself to creating a peac
25、eful world.He was devoted to creating a peaceful world.他致力于创造一个和平的世界。5devote vt.与(to连用)献身；专心于(1)devote sthto(doing) sth把时间(钱、精力等)献给(做)某事devote oneself to (doing sth.)be devoted to 献身于；致力于(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的devotion n奉献；关爱Mothers devotion to children can hardly be calculated.母亲对孩子的关爱无法估量。单句语法填空He
26、has devoted most of his time and energy to _ (find) a cure for the disease.Her son, _ whom she is so devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small village.Her _ (devote) to the job left her with very little time.He is so _ to his English teaching that I admire him for his _ (devote)
27、 _ (devote) to his research, he has no time to spend a weekend with his family.findingtodevotiondevoteddevotionDevotedThe castle is founded on solid rock.城堡被建在坚固的岩石上。The town was founded by English settlers in 1870.这座城镇是英国移民于1870年兴建的。6found vt建立；建设动词原形过去式过去分词汉语意义foundfoundedfounded创建findfoundfound找到
28、found除了表示创立，创建组织、机构、公司等外，还 强 调 为 建 造 的 事 物 打 下 “基 础”(foundation)His theory is founded on facts.他的理论是建立在事实基础上的。set up主要用于建立组织、机构、公司、学校等They set up this company last year.他们去年成立了这家公司。完成句子As is reported, it is 100 years since Qinghua University _ (被建立)Qinghua University， _ (建于1911年), is home to a great
29、 number of outstanding figures.was foundedfounded in 1911 _ (建于20世纪早期)，the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.单句语法填空A club _ (found) in our school for those who were fond of literature.When I needed a pen to write with, there was none to be _ (find)Founded in the early 20th centurywas f
30、oundedfound(1)vt.& vi.投票；选举Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.黑人无权投票选举他们的领导。(2)n.C投票；选票；表决sing选举权The votes are still being counting.选票仍在统计中。7vote vote on 就投票vote for/against 投票赞成/反对vote to do sth.投票去做某事The chairman asked us to vote on the plan.主席让我们投票表决这个计划。They voted that they shou
31、ld give a concert to get some money for the hospital.他们建议举办一次音乐会为该医院集资。(vote v提倡；建议)根据汉语提示写出vote的短语If we cannot agree, lets _ (就投票) it.What convinced you to _ (投票支持) them?I appeal to you to _ (投票反对) this plan.完成句子Most of them _ to work.他们多数人投票赞成回去工作。vote onvote forvote againstvote to go back(1)vt.进攻
32、；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害We chose to attack the laws.我们选择向法律进攻。Hearing her mother was attacked with cancer, the girl burst out crying.听到她的母亲患了癌症，这个女孩突然大哭起来。(2)n.袭击；攻击；(疾病等)侵害Once again we came under attack from the enemies.我们又一次遭到敌人的袭击。8attack make an attack on 攻击；袭击；抨击under attack 遭到攻击；遭到抨击a heart attack 心脏病
33、突发Ben suffered a heart attack and Helen rushed to his assistance.本心脏病犯了，海伦急忙赶过来帮忙。完成句子It shocked her to hear that her good friend _ (患了病)cancer.The general commanded that _ (我们进攻敌人) right away.The planes _ (对进行袭击) the city at midnight.(2017全国卷)When a leafy plant is _ (受到攻击), it doesnt sit quietly.wa
34、s attacked withwe (should) attack the enemymade an attack onunder attack(1)adj.相等的；平等的Research and teaching are of equal importance.研究和教学同样重要。All men are equal in the eye of law.法律面前人人平等。9equal(2)vt.比得上；等于I cant equal him in strength.我没有他力气大。(3)n.平等的人He has no equal in music.在音乐方面他没有对手。(1)be equal t
35、o 等于be equal to sth./doing sth胜任做某事(2)equal vt.比得上；等于n平等的人without equal 无人可比；无敌(3)equally adv.同样地；平等地The new manager is not equal to the task.新经理不能胜任这份工作。His paintings are without equal in the Western world.他的画在西方世界是首屈一指的。The two groups remembered the information equally well.两组人同样很好地记住了信息。In fact,
36、when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal.事实上，当谈到战争的艺术，蚂蚁没有对手。equal既可作形容词，又可作名词和动词。be equal to中的to为介词，其后应接名词、代词或动名词。Bill is equal to running the company.比尔能够胜任经营这家公司。单句语法填空Women are paid the same as men of _ (equal) work.All these techniques are _ (equal) effective.The island is _ (equal)
37、attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.I dont think Jim is equal to _ (transport) these valuable goods.equalequallyequallytransporting完成句子He doesnt seem _ meeting our demands.他似乎不太合乎我们的要求。Sixty minutes _ an hour.六十分钟等于一小时。equal tois equal toHe was out of work
38、 when the factory closed.他在工厂倒闭后失业了。Many people have been out of work recently.最近有许多人失业。重 点 短 语1out of work 失业完成句子Jane is unhappy now, for she _ for two weeks.简现在不高兴，因为她已经失业两个星期了。It was the third time that he _ .这是他第三次失业了。has been out of workhad been out of work用out of的短语填空The car went _ (失去控制) and
39、knocked into the side of a bus.Hes still in hospital but _ (脱离危险)The mile run left Bill _ (气喘吁吁)My clock was _ (出故障) and woke me up at 300 this morning.out of controlout of dangerout of breathout of order(1)事实上；其实；说真的Its a nice placeWeve stayed there ourselves, as a matter of fact.那个地方不错。其实，我们自己在那儿待
40、过。(2)(表示不同意)事实上；其实I thought the work would be difficultAs a matter of fact, its very easy.我原以为这项工作会很难，事实上却很容易。2as a matter of fact“事实上，实际上”的多种表达法：in (actual) fact/in truth/actually/in reality完成句子 _ ，I didnt have anything.事实上，我什么也没有。He pretends to understand, but _ he doesnt.他装懂，实际并没懂。单句改错Im going th
41、ere tomorrow, as matter of fact._ As a matter of factas a matter of factas后加aThis tyre is a bit flat; it needs blowing up.这个轮胎气不太足，需要充气。He was sentenced to 45 years for trying to blow up a plane.他因为企图炸毁一架飞机而被判入狱45年。I was surprised at the way he blew up at Hardy.他对着哈迪发火的样子让我很吃惊。3blow up充气；爆炸The fathe
42、r was trying his best to blow up the balloon for the kidHowever, the balloon blew up at last.这位父亲正在尽最大努力为孩子吹气球，然而最后气球爆炸了。We had planned to blow up the bridge but our bombs failed to explode.我们原本计划炸掉大桥，但炸弹没有爆炸。blow up用来指人“(用炸药)炸毁”楼房等物体；explode用于炸弹等“爆炸”或“使(炸弹等)爆炸”。完成句子I have to get my front tyre _ .我得
43、把前胎打一下气。He managed to _ the enemy head quarters.他设法炸掉了敌人司令部。blown upblow upElias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.当纳尔逊曼德拉身处困境时，伊莱亚斯去看过他。Although Mike was in trouble, he didnt lose heart.虽然迈克遇到了麻烦，但他并没有灰心。We should lend a hand to those people in trouble.我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人。4in trouble在危险
44、、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的困境中ask for trouble 自找麻烦；自寻烦恼get into trouble 陷入困境make/cause trouble 惹是生非；制造麻烦have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难take the trouble to do sth不辞辛劳地做某事Youre just asking for trouble if you dont give them the money.如果你不给他们这些钱，你就是在自找麻烦。We had no trouble persuading the boy.我们毫不费劲地说服了这个男孩。
45、The soldiers took the trouble to rescue the workers trapped in the mine.士兵们不辞辛劳地营救被困在矿井中的工人。Dont trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦。第一、四个trouble为动词，第二、三个trouble为名词。“be in抽象名词”表示处于某种状态be in danger 处于危险中be in peace 处于和平状态be in control 在控制下be in silence 在沉默中be in love 恋爱中be in place
46、在适当位置完成句子Whenever we are _ (陷入困境), we should never lose heart.Youll _ (陷入困境) if your identity card (ID card) is made use of by others.The teacher _ (不辞辛劳地)give us useful tips on study.Some teenagers _ (与相处有困难) their parents.in troubleget into troubletakes the trouble tohave trouble getting along wit
47、hTom is my best friendHe has a serious shortcomingHe likes _ (自找麻烦) and always _ (陷入麻烦)When he is _ (处于困境)，he often turns to me for help and I am always willing to lend him a handOne day, he _ (有困难) finding his own home, for he drank too muchI, who was his best friend, _ (不辞辛苦) to drive him homeLate
48、r, he was grateful to me for my help.asking for troublegets into troublein troublehad trouble(in)took the troublePlease turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.当你遇到困难时请向警察求助。5turn to 求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)查阅；转向It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.结果他是这家公司的总经理。根据语境猜测turn to的词
49、义Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.( _ )While in trouble, you can turn to her for help.( _ )If you turn to Page 40, you will find it.( _ )After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism. ( _ )转向求助于翻到开始从事用turn的短语填空He promised to come but has
50、nt _ yet.The experiment _ to be a great success.Dont forget to _ the light when you leave.Dont worryIm sure your missing glasses will _ sooner or later.Students _ their homework as usual.Whenever you are in trouble, you can _ the police for help.turned upturned outturn offturn upturned inturn to(201
51、5天津高考)Tom had to _ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2017全国卷)She has _ several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.(2017浙江高考)They searched the kitchen, checking every corner, but _ nothing.turn downturned downturned up句中to land.是动词不定式作后
52、置定语，修饰man。经 典 句 式1He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.1969年7月，他成为第一位登上月球的人。当被修饰的名词或代词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last, only和not a, the等时， 只能用不定式作后置定语。Believe it or not, I was the last to arrive at school this morning.信不信由你，今天早晨我是最后一个到校的。Whats the next thing to do according to the plan?根据计划，
53、下一步该做什么？单句语法填空The last one _ (arrive) pays the meal.Agreed!解析：考查动词不定式作定语的用法。代词one前有last修饰，故用动词不定式作后置定语。Chen Xiexia is the first Chinese athlete _ (win) the gold medal in Beijing Olympic Games.解析：因Chinese athlete前有序数词修饰，所以要用不定式作后置定语。句意：陈燮霞是北京奥运会上第一个获得金牌的中国运动员。to arriveto win2The last thirty years hav
54、e seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。(1)时间作主语(The last thirty years) have seen the greatest number of 主句主语 主句谓语现在分词短语作宾语补足语laws(stopping our
55、 rights and progress), until today we have 时间状语从句定语从句，修饰a stagereached a stage(where we have almost no rights at all)(2)see, find, witness等词可用物作主语，以拟人手法增添语言色彩，see可译为“(在某段时期)发生(某情况)，经历，经受”。Dusk saw the little boy wandering in the street.黄昏时这个小男孩在街上闲逛。(3)where引导定语从句，修饰抽象名词stage。英译汉The hot sun found pe
56、ople busy working in the field._ The old tree has seen the improvement of peoples life._ The twentieth century witnessed two world wars._ 烈日下，人们在田地里忙碌着。古树见证了人们生活水平的提高。20世纪目睹了两次世界大战。该句为主从复合句，in which引导定语从句，先行词为position，且在定语从句中作状语。position为抽象的地点名词。3We were put into a position in which we had either to
57、 accept we were less important, or fight the government.我们被置于这样一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。point，stage，situation，case，scene，condition在定语从句中均可作先行词，表示抽象的地点，这时可用in which/where引导定语从句。The Voice of China has set up a stage in which/where some people can achieve their dreams.中国好声音搭建了一个舞台，在这里一些人可以实现梦想。The g
58、overnment is at a stage in which/where it is willing to talk to almost anyone.政府现在几乎愿意与任何人对话。单句语法填空Im looking for a new job, one in _ I get a bit more job satisfaction.Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.完成句子I will show you the point _ .我将指出你失败的所在。This is a
59、 job _ .从这个工作中你能学到一些东西。whichwherewhere you failwhere you can learn something句中which引导定语从句修饰先行词a way，并在定语从句中充当主语。He offered some ways that/which worked very well in practice.他提供了一些办法，这些办法在实践中很有效。4We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律。妙断way的引导词(1)当way作先行词，并在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，关系
60、词用that或which。(2)当way作先行词，并在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用that/in which或省略。I dont like the way that he laughed at me.I dont like the way in which he laughed at me.I dont like the way he laughed at me.我不喜欢他用那种方式来嘲笑我。单句语法填空I did it the way _ you taught me.Im angry with the way _ he was treated.Dont you like the way _
61、he told us?that/whichthat/in whichthat/whichonly放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，要进行部分倒装。将助动词或系动词提前，放在主语之前。5Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.只有当他告诉我时，我才意识到他有麻烦了。Only after he had spoken out the word did he real
62、ize he had made a big mistake.只有当他说出那个字后他才意识到自己犯了个大错误。Only here can you find such kind of plant.只有在这里你才能找到这种植物。only的小陷阱(1)当only修饰状语从句时，主句部分倒装，被only修饰的状语从句部分不倒装。如例和例中从句不倒装。(2)only不置于句首不倒装。(3)当only修饰主语时，则不用倒装。Only the teachers are allowed to use this room.只有老师才被允许使用这间教室。完成句子Only in this way _ the prob
63、lem on time.只有这样我们才能按时解决这个问题。Only when we had studied the data again _ that there was a mistake.只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候，我们才意识到出了一个错。can we solvedid we realize单句语法填空(湖南高考改编) _ after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.解析：考查倒装。由后面的did I discover可知，此句使用了倒装结构；再结合句意可知填only。(湖南高考改编) _ when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.OnlyOnly
