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1、Grammar(1):v-ed form as adverbials 过去分词做状语过去分词做状语在使用过去分词作状语在使用过去分词作状语时过去分词的逻辑主语时过去分词的逻辑主语一定是句子的主语，其一定是句子的主语，其逻辑主语与过去分词的逻辑主语与过去分词的关系是被动关系。关系是被动关系。水加热到水加热到100度就沸腾。度就沸腾。 （1 1）在句中作时间状语。在句中作时间状语。(when it is)1. Water boils, heated to 100C.一一 过去分词在句中做状语。过去分词在句中做状语。2. When shot in the leg, he continued to f
2、ire back with his gun.(he was)当他的腿被击中时他仍然用枪还击当他的腿被击中时他仍然用枪还击。 2. _Absorbed in the work, he neglected food and sleep.(He was) （2 2）在句中做伴随状语。）在句中做伴随状语。她走出房间，后面跟着他的小女儿。她走出房间，后面跟着他的小女儿。1.She walked out of the house, _followed by her little daughter.他专心于工作，废寝忘食。他专心于工作，废寝忘食。( and she was )因为被眼镜蛇咬了，这人处在危险中
3、。因为被眼镜蛇咬了，这人处在危险中。(3) (3) 作原因状语。作原因状语。(As/Because it has been) (Because he was)由于飓风的破坏，那座老房子哪也找不到。由于飓风的破坏，那座老房子哪也找不到。1. _ Destroyed by the hurricane, the old house is nowhere to be found.2. Bitten by the snake, the man was in danger.1. Tired, he went on working. (4.) (4.) 作让步状语。作让步状语。(Although he wa
4、s) 虽然他很疲倦，他仍然继续工作。虽然他很疲倦，他仍然继续工作。2. _Laughed at by other boys, he still continued to complete it.尽管遭到其他男孩的嘲笑，他仍然坚持完成尽管遭到其他男孩的嘲笑，他仍然坚持完成了那件事。了那件事。(Although he was )（5.5.）做条件状语。）做条件状语。1。_Punished by the parents, he wont come again.(If he is)他若是被家长惩罚了，就再也不能来了。他若是被家长惩罚了，就再也不能来了。2. _ Given more time and
5、money, we would have done the work better.如果当时给更多的时间和金钱，我们会做得更好如果当时给更多的时间和金钱，我们会做得更好。If we had been1 Seen from the hill top, the valley looks like a wonderland.=When/If the valley is seen from the hill top, it looks like a wonderland. 当当/如果从上顶上望去，峡谷宛如仙境如果从上顶上望去，峡谷宛如仙境。 二，二，过去分词过去分词（或短语）作状语和（或短语）作状语和
6、状语从句状语从句的的转换。转换。2 Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. =Once his work was published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. 他的作品一发表就以每一行结尾不押韵而他的作品一发表就以每一行结尾不押韵而出名。出名。 3 As soon as translated into English, the book
7、became very popular in the Western World. =As soon as it was translated into English, the book became very popular in the Western World. 这本书一被翻译成英文，就在西方世界流这本书一被翻译成英文，就在西方世界流行了起来。行了起来。 4 Connected to the rest of the house by a long passage,长廊，通道长廊，通道 the room seems very quiet. =As it is connected to
8、the rest of the house by a long passage, the room seems very quiet. 由于这间房子由一道长廊与其他房间相连，由于这间房子由一道长廊与其他房间相连，它显得非常安静。它显得非常安静。5 Although left alone at home, the little girl did not feel afraid at all. =Although she was left alone at home, the little girl did not feel afraid at all. 虽然小女孩一个人被留在家里，但她并不虽然小
9、女孩一个人被留在家里，但她并不感到害怕。感到害怕。 在过去分词作状语的句子中，我们在过去分词作状语的句子中，我们有时可以把连接条件、时间、让步有时可以把连接条件、时间、让步等状语从句的连接词。等状语从句的连接词。When, while, although, if, as, as soon as 等放在过去分词的前面，相当于一等放在过去分词的前面，相当于一个状语从句。个状语从句。我跑进教室，满脸是土。我跑进教室，满脸是土。I rushed into the classroom, _ (cover) dust.my face covered with 三。过去分词短语单独作状语时，它的逻三。过去分
10、词短语单独作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但：辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但：我们从题意得知：我们从题意得知：cover一词的逻辑主一词的逻辑主语应为语应为my face,与句子的主语与句子的主语 I 不一致，不一致，因此采用独立主格结构。因此采用独立主格结构。对面是海拔对面是海拔5500米的玉龙雪山，米的玉龙雪山，山峰被积雪覆盖。山峰被积雪覆盖。Opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow.过去分词短语单独作状语时，它的逻辑过去分词短语单独作状语时，它的
11、逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但如但如果不一致，须采用独立主格结构：逻辑果不一致，须采用独立主格结构：逻辑主语主语+ done.+ done.= Because the Naxi language is spoken by fewer and fewer people these days, it may disappear in the future.1 Read the sentences and underline the v-ed forms.(a) Spoken by fewer and fewer people these days, the Na
12、xi language may disappear in the future.= When the old town is seen from above, it is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny streets.（b）Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny streets.(when)(c) Passed from father to son, the music has not changed for 8 centuries
13、. (because)= Because it is passed from father to son, the music has not changed for 8 centuries.(d) Looked at from a distance, the Xishan Hills resemble a sleeping beauty. (when)=When they are looked at from a distance, the Xishan Hills resemble a sleeping woman.(e) Completely rebuilt, the town woul
14、d not be so interesting. (if)= If it were completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting.2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.know give invite lose visit 1 When _in spring, the hills are covered with flowers.2 _as one of the loveliest places in China, Yunnan is now visited by many tourists.3. _in the tiny streets, we decided to ask for help.4._into a Naxi home, you should accept with pleasure.5. If _something you dont want to eat, just refuse politely.visitedknownLost Invited given
