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1、lecture2BenjaminFranlecture2BenjaminFranklinklinBenjamin Franklin (1706-1790)His worksvThe Autobiography 自传vPoor Richards Almanack 格言历书His newspaper and magazinevPennsylvania Gazette 宾夕法尼亚公报(later the Saturday Evening Post 周六晚报)vPhiladelphia Gazette费城公报vGeneral Magazine大众杂志- the first colonial magaz
2、ineBenjamin Franklin (1706-1790) His contributionsvHis Contributions to Society a. Pennsylvania Hospital; b. Americas first circulating library in Philadephia; c. University of Pennsylvania; d. American Philosophical Society; e. the postal system.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)v His Contributions to S
3、cience a. Inventions : Franklin stove, effective street lighting, bifocal glasses, a miniature printing press, efficient heating devices and even a strange musical instrument called an “armonica”. b. And for his lightning-rod, he was called “the new Prometheus who had stolen fire from heaven.” c. th
4、e theories of electricity; first applied the terms “positive” and “negative” to electrical charges. d. He was one of the first men to study and map the Gulf Stream(墨西哥湾流) .Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)vHis Contributions to the U.S. a. He supported the cause of independence, served in the Continental
5、 Congress, and aided Jefferson in writing the Declaration of Independence. b. He conducted the difficult negotiations with France that brought financial and military support for America in the war. c. He was a delegate to the conversation that wrote the Constitution. d. Therefore, Franklin is a writ
6、er, printer, publisher, scientist, philanthropist, and diplomat.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)Evaluationv“Franklin was the only good American author before the Revolutionary War.”v“The Scottish philosopher David Hume called him Americas “first great man of letters”.”v“He was the first great self-made
7、 man in America, a poor democrat born in an aristocratic age that his fine example helped to liberalize.”v“Franklin was the embodiment of American dream.”v“Franklin was a spokesman for the new order of the 18th century enlightenment.” vWhen Franklin died in 1790, at the age of 84, he was an honored
8、figure, mourned by many nations. One of his fellow Americans said, “His shadow lies heavier than any other mans on this young nation.”The Autobiography 1. Summary2. “firsts” There are a number of firsts associated with The Autobiography.vIt is considered the first popular self-help book ever publish
9、ed. vIt was the first and only work written in American before the 19th century that has retained bestseller popularity since its release.vIt was the first major secular American autobiography.vIt is also the first real account of the American Dream in action as told from a man who experienced it fi
10、rsthand.The Autobiography3. Analysis of Selected Parts4. Writing StylevGenuine Humanness vHumor vTerseness 简练vPlainness and Homeliness The Autobiography4. Significance of The AutobiographyvIt establishes in literary form the first example of the fulfillment of the American Dream.vThe work was one of
11、 the premier autobiographies in the English language.vIt tells us today what life was like in 18th century America.vIt is also a reflection of 18th century idealism.vIt is the prominent work that mythologizes a hero of the American Revolution.The Almanac includes such proverbs as:vEarly to bed and e
12、arly to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. vA penny saved is a penny earned. vFor age and wantm save while you may; no morning sun lasts a whole day. vWomen and wine, game and deceit make the wealth small, and the wants great. vHe that would thrive must ask his wife. vDiligence is the mother of good luck. vread p10-p17 and try to answer the four questions on page 16;vread Allan Poes “The Fall of the House of Usher”（厄舍古厦的倒塌）and retell the story; vWhat is Allan Poes writing style?结束结束
