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1、短语动词短语动词Grammar 短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动词，这种组合称之为短语动词。词，这种组合称之为短语动词。动词动词+介词介词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词,后面必后面必须接宾语。须接宾语。Lookattheblackboard,please!请看黑板！请看黑板！此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有listento,dependon/upon,lookfor,dealwith,lookafter,t
2、akeafter,waitfor等。等。短语动词的构成基本有下列几种短语动词的构成基本有下列几种:动词动词+副词副词此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词,也也可以用作不及物动词。可以用作不及物动词。Igetupveryearlyeverymorning.我每天早晨都很早起床。我每天早晨都很早起床。注意注意:当此类短语动词用作及物动词时当此类短语动词用作及物动词时,如如果宾语是名词果宾语是名词,可以将其放在短语的后面可以将其放在短语的后面,也可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语也可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语是代词是代词,则必须将其放在动词和副词之间。则必须将其放在动词和副
3、词之间。Heputonhisclothesquickly.=Heputhisclothesonquickly.他快速地穿上了衣服。他快速地穿上了衣服。Pleasewakemeupatfivetomorrowmorning.请明天早晨五点钟叫醒我。请明天早晨五点钟叫醒我。此类短语动词还有：此类短语动词还有：cleanup,cheerup,giveout,eatup,fixup,giveup,giveaway,handout,helpout,putoff,putup,takeoff等。等。【2012 浙江杭州】 He failed in the math test and looks sad. L
4、ets _. A. put him up B. set him up C. cheer him up D. clean him up 【答案】C【2012安徽省】- Smoking is bad for your health. -Youre right. I decide to_. A. take it down B. find it out C. turn it off D. give it up 【答案】D 4. Bob cant buy any new books because he has _ his money. A. run out B. run out ofC. ran ou
5、t D. ran out of5. The tree is very tall. I cant _ now. A. get down B. turn downC. get out D. turn off4. I have two children. My son looks like me and my daughter _ her mother. 5. Please wait a minute! Ill get a pen to _ your telephone number. 6. If you have any problems, you can _ help.hang out, wri
6、te down, hand out, take after, fix up, work out, ask for, run out of, take away fromtakes afterwrite downask for【2012 福建福州】 It was such a funny show that people couldnt help _ again and again. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing 【解析】考查固定搭配。cant help doing sth. 意为“禁不住做某事”，此处句意为：这是一场如此有趣的表演,以至于人们忍不住笑了一次又
7、一次。故选C。 7. These books mustnt _ the library.8. I like _ with my friends after school. 9. Have you _ all of your money? hang out, write down, hand out, take after, fix up, work out, ask for, run out of, take away frombe taken away from hanging out / to hang out run out of 【2012贵州贵阳】 When you leave th
8、e reading room, you should remember to _ the lights. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off 【解析】考查动词短语的用法。turn on意为“打开”；turn down意为“关小”； turn off意为“关上”。根据句意：当你离开阅览室时，你应该记住把灯关上。故选C。动词动词+副词副词+介词介词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词。此类短语动词可以用作及物动词。Wererunningoutofwater.我们的水快用光了。我们的水快用光了。此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有comeupwith,dowellin,loo
9、kforwardto,lookdownupon,lookoutof,putupwith等。等。动词动词+名词名词+介词介词此类短语动词的意义取决于名词此类短语动词的意义取决于名词,而不是动而不是动词词,修饰时不用副词而用形容词。修饰时不用副词而用形容词。Weshouldtakegoodcareofourparents.我们应该好好照顾我们的父母。我们应该好好照顾我们的父母。此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有makeuseof,takepridein,makefriendswith,payattentionto等。等。putup张贴；搭建张贴；搭建 Heputupsomesignsaskingfo
10、roldbikes.他他张贴了一些寻求旧自行车的告示。张贴了一些寻求旧自行车的告示。 Theyquicklyputupatent.他们他们迅速地搭建了一个帐篷。迅速地搭建了一个帐篷。 Iboughtanicepictureand_onthewall.A.putupitB.putitupC.putupthemD.putthemup【点拨点拨】选选B。代替。代替anicepicture应用代词应用代词it,排除排除C、D两项；两项；putup是是“动词动词+副词副词”构成的短语动词，代词作宾语时应置于短语构成的短语动词，代词作宾语时应置于短语中间。中间。putoff推迟；拖延推迟；拖延 Wecan
11、tputoffmakingaplan.我们我们不能推迟制订计划。不能推迟制订计划。(1)putoff“推推迟迟；拖拖延延”，是是由由“动动词词+副副词词”构构成成的的短短语语动动词词，其其后后可可接接名名词词、代词或动词代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。形式作宾语。(2)当当代代词词作作宾宾语语时时，要要放放在在动动词词和和副副词词中中间间。类类似似的的短短语语动动词词还还有有：putup,fixup,callup,cheerup,writedown,giveout,handout等。等。Themeetingisveryimportant.Wecant_.A.putoffitB.putitoffC
12、.putitupD.putitaway【点点拨拨】选选B。句句意意：这这次次会会议议非非常常重重要要，我我们们不不能能推推迟迟。putoff“推推迟迟；拖拖延延”，代词作宾语时，要置于代词作宾语时，要置于put与与off之间。之间。根据句意及括号内的汉语提示根据句意及括号内的汉语提示,用短语的正用短语的正确形式填空。确形式填空。1.Cantyou_(想出想出)abetterexcusethanthat?2.Yourdesksaretoodirty.Youshould_(打扫它们打扫它们)atonce.3.Theschoolhas_(开办开办)aspecialclasstohelppoorrea
13、ders.thinkupcleanthemupsetup4.Weshouldtryourbestto_(使她开心起来使她开心起来).5.Whocan_(想出想出)agoodideaforourparty?6.Theteacher_(挂起挂起)aChinesemaponthewalloftheclassroomyesterday.7.Therearesomepeople_(分发分发)papersattheshoppingcentereveryday.cheerherupcomeupwithputupgivingout/handingout根据汉语意思完成下列句子。根据汉语意思完成下列句子。1.这
14、房间太脏了这房间太脏了,请把它打扫干净。请把它打扫干净。Thisroomistoodirty.Please_.2.让我帮你做家务活吧。让我帮你做家务活吧。Letme_you_yourhousework.3.露西露西,你能帮我把地图张贴到墙上吗？你能帮我把地图张贴到墙上吗？Lucy,couldyouhelpme_themaponthewall?cleanituphelpwithputup根据句意根据句意,从方框中选择正确的短语从方框中选择正确的短语,并并用其正确形式填空。用其正确形式填空。hangoutwritedownhandouttakeafterfixupworkoutaskforruno
15、utoftakeawayfrom1.Dontworry.Iwillhelpyou_yourcomputer.2.Theproblemistoodifficultformeto_.3.Whoishelpingtheteacher_thestudentshomework?hangout,writedown,handout,takeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfromfixupworkouthandout4.Ihavetwochildren.Mysonlookslikemeandmydaughter_hermother.5.Pleasewa
16、itaminute!Illgetapento_yourtelephonenumber.6.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,youcan_help.hangout,writedown,handout,takeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfromtakesafterwritedownaskfor7.Thesebooksmustnt_thelibrary.8.Ilike_withmyfriendsafterschool.9.Haveyou_allofyourmoney?hangout,writedown,handout,takea
17、fter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfrombetakenawayfromhangingout/tohangoutrunoutof短语动词短语动词单项选择单项选择1. You are so handsome. I think youmight_yourfather.A.lookafterB.takeafterC.lookupD.lookfor2.Mypetdogislost.Couldyoupleasehelpme_?A.lookitforB.lookthemforC.lookforitD.lookforthem3.Thecomputerdoe
18、sntwork.Lets_.A.fixupitB.fixitupC.fixupthemD.fixthemup4.Bobcantbuyanynewbooksbecausehehas_hismoney.A.runoutB.runoutofC.ranoutD.ranoutof5.Thetreeisverytall.Icant_now.A.getdownB.turndownC.getoutD.turnoff7.Youmustpayattention_yourpronunciation.A.atB.withC.toD.in8.Ithinkparentsshouldbestrict_theirchildr
19、en.A.isB.aboutC.ofD.with【2011山东济宁山东济宁】18.-Couldyoupleaseprovideus_someinformationaboutthestudentshealth?-Ofcourse,itsmypleasure.A.toB.ofC.fromD.with答案：答案：D【解析解析】介词的用法。介词的用法。providesb.withsth.意为意为“向某人提供某物向某人提供某物”，为固定短，为固定短语。故选语。故选D。【2012福建福州福建福州】Itwassuchafunnyshowthatpeoplecouldnthelp_againandagain.
20、A.laughB.tolaughC.laughing【解析解析】考查固定搭配。考查固定搭配。canthelpdoingsth.意为意为“禁不住做某事禁不住做某事”，此处句意为：，此处句意为：这是一场如此有趣的表演这是一场如此有趣的表演,以至于人们忍不以至于人们忍不住笑了一次又一次。故选住笑了一次又一次。故选C。【2012贵州贵阳贵州贵阳】Whenyouleavethereadingroom,youshouldrememberto_thelights.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnoff【解析解析】考查动词短语的用法。考查动词短语的用法。turnon意意为为“打开打开”；tur
21、ndown意为意为“关小关小”；turnoff意为意为“关上关上”。根据句意：当你。根据句意：当你离开阅览室时，你应该记住把灯关上。故离开阅览室时，你应该记住把灯关上。故选选C。【2012安徽省安徽省】-Smokingisbadforyourhealth.-Youreright.Idecideto_.A.takeitdownB.finditoutC.turnitoffD.giveitup【答案答案】D【2012甘肃鸡西市甘肃鸡西市】Mygrandpaissleeping.Willyouplease_theradio?A.turndownB.turnupC.turnon【答案答案】A【2012湖
22、北黄石湖北黄石】Weshouldlearnhowto_wellwithpeoplearoundus.A.getalongB.getdownC.gettoD.getup【答案答案】A【2012湖北湖北荆州荆州】Idontthinkwecanfindanewdaytoworkouttheproblem.Butwedbetternot_.A.endupB.handoutC.giveupD.putout【答案答案】C【2012浙江杭州浙江杭州】Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Lets_.A.puthimupB.sethimupC.cheerhimupD.cleanhimup【答案答案】C【2012重庆市重庆市】Youdonthavetoworryaboutme.Imoldenoughto_myself.A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookupD.lookat【答案答案】A
