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1、Unit 211.aviod vt. 逃避逃避.，避免，避免.avoid +n. +/doing sth.英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词是：动词是：避免、错过、少延期（避免、错过、少延期（avoid, miss, put off）建议、完成、少练习（建议、完成、少练习（suggest，finish practice）喜欢、想像、禁不住（喜欢、想像、禁不住（enjoy，imagine，cans help）承认、否定、与嫉妒（承认、否定、与嫉妒（admit, deny, envy）逃避、冒险、莫原谅（逃避、冒险、莫原谅（escape，r
2、isk，excuse）忍受、保持、不介意（忍受、保持、不介意（stand，keep，mind） I avoided him as much as possible. She braked suddenly and avoided an accident. They all avoided mentioning that name.2.ahead adj. & adv. 在前，向前，提前，在前面在前，向前，提前，在前面look ahead 为未来着想或打算为未来着想或打算;未雨绸缪未雨绸缪go ahead (with) 进行；开始；往下说；用吧；干进行；开始；往下说；用吧；干吧吧get ahea
3、d (of) 占优势，可望取胜；赚钱占优势，可望取胜；赚钱ahead of time 提前提前注意：注意：a +n.构成副词：构成副词：away，aside，ashore，aboard。 1 Our company is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane. 2 One man went ahead to see what was happening in the front.3 manage v. 做成（某事）；管理；经营做成（某事）；管理；经营manage a supermarket (business, factor
4、y) 管理超市（企业，工厂）管理超市（企业，工厂）manage n. 经理，管理人员，管理器经理，管理人员，管理器manage to do sth.(=succeed in doing sth.) 设法做成了某事设法做成了某事try to do sth. 努力、设法做成某事（未知成功努力、设法做成某事（未知成功与否）与否）manage about. 设法处理，解决设法处理，解决manage with.以以.设法应付设法应付manage without(=go without)应付，将就应付，将就 She doesnt know how to manage her naughty childre
5、n. We managed to get there in time.4.vary v. 改变；变化；使多样化改变；变化；使多样化 vary +adv. 或或 vary +n.Her mood varies from day to day. vi（在（在.方面）相异，不同，形形色色方面）相异，不同，形形色色These sweaters vary in size/ color.variety n. 多变性，多样性；种种多变性，多样性；种种various adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的各种各样的；形形色色的 He never varies his habits. His mood varies
6、from day to day. Stars vary in brightness.5. part vt. 分开；分离分开；分离 part from 使分开使分开 part as 分开分开 part with 让出；舍弃让出；舍弃 part n. 部分；职责；作用；地区部分；职责；作用；地区 do ones part 尽自己的一份力量尽自己的一份力量 for ones part 就就.而言而言 for the most part 大部分；通常大部分；通常 on the part of sb. on sbs part 就某人而已；代表某人就某人而已；代表某人 playa part 扮演角色，起作
7、用扮演角色，起作用 take part in 参与；参加参与；参加6.get through 通过；（电话）接通；完成；翻阅；浏览通过；（电话）接通；完成；翻阅；浏览 get through a tunnel 穿过隧道穿过隧道 get through the work 完成工作完成工作 get through the book 读完这本书读完这本书 get through the exams 通过考试通过考试 I cant get through. 我打不通电话。我打不通电话。 put/get sb. through to. 给某人接通给某人接通.(电话电话)拓展拓展：get/ put sb.
8、 through to 使某人接通到使某人接通到 go through 通过，经历，搜遍通过，经历，搜遍 pass through 从从.中经过，走过中经过，走过.中中 look through 浏览；仔细查看浏览；仔细查看 live through 活过（一段时间），经过活过（一段时间），经过.后仍活着后仍活着 break through 突破（障碍）突破（障碍）7.tear down 弄到某物；拆除某物弄到某物；拆除某物 tear.open把把.撕开撕开 tear.apart 拆散，使分离拆散，使分离 tear off 扯掉，跑掉；匆匆写成扯掉，跑掉；匆匆写成 tear up 撕裂；撕毁撕
9、裂；撕毁 tear oneself away from 忍痛舍去，忍痛离开忍痛舍去，忍痛离开 tear sth. into pieces 把把.撕成碎撕成碎片片 tear at sth. 撕扯某物撕扯某物8.hold up 举起；拿起；举出举起；拿起；举出 hold back 阻碍阻碍 hold down 镇压镇压 hold on 坚持下去；别挂（电话）坚持下去；别挂（电话） hold on to 紧紧抓住；不放弃紧紧抓住；不放弃 hold out 坚持坚持9. occur v.发生；出现发生；出现（1）occur to. 想起，想到想起，想到 It occurs to sb. to do s
10、th. It occurs to sb. that.（2）happen to sb. 某人发生某人发生.（3）take place 发生发生提示：提示：occur, happen, take place 都不用于被动语态。都不用于被动语态。 1 At the beginning of June an event occurred. 2 It occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. 3 It didnt occur to him that she would refuse his invitation.Unit 22 1. divide v. 分
11、；划分；分开；隔开分；划分；分开；隔开divide是把整体分成若干部分是把整体分成若干部分divide.into. 把把.划分成划分成.divide sth. in half(=divide sth. into halves)把把.一分为二一分为二divide sth. between 把把.在两者中在两者中分配分配divide sth. among 把把.在三者中分在三者中分配配(be) divided by 除以除以separate 是指把原来挨在一起的或是靠近是指把原来挨在一起的或是靠近的人或物分离开，或隔开的人或物分离开，或隔开separate A from B 把把A与与B分离分离A
12、 be separated from B A 与与B被分开被分开separate A and B by C 用用C 把把A和和B分离分离be separate by C 被被C分离分离separate .into. 把把.分成分成. Divide the class into three groups. Nine divided by three is three. 2. cut off 切掉；切断；突然中止切掉；切断；突然中止cut offa branch/ a foot 砍掉一根树枝、一只脚砍掉一根树枝、一只脚gas/ oil/ water/ electricity (supplies)中
13、断中断 煤气、油、水、电（供应）切断（电话通话）煤气、油、水、电（供应）切断（电话通话）；使（人、城镇）孤立；使（人、城镇）孤立cut downtrees 砍到树木砍到树木production/ cost/ expense 削减削减生产、成本、费用生产、成本、费用the price to减价到减价到cut in 打断别人的话打断别人的话提示：提示：同样表达同样表达“砍，切砍，切”的意思。的意思。cut down 的意思是的意思是“砍到砍到”(make sth. fall down by cutting)cut up 的意思是的意思是“切碎切碎” (cut sth. Into small pie
14、ces)cut off 与与cut away 在表示在表示“砍掉砍掉”时意思相同时意思相同3. prevent v. 防止；妨碍防止；妨碍1.(1)prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某阻止某人做某事（人做某事（from可省）可省）2.(2)stop sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人做阻止某人做某事（某事（from可省）可省）3.(3)keep sb. From doing sth.阻止某人做阻止某人做某事（某事（from 不可省）不可省）4.(4)keep sb. Doing sth. 使某人一直做某事使某人一直做某事5.提示：在被动语态中，提示
15、：在被动语态中，from一般不省略。一般不省略。4. go on go on a trip/ journey去旅行去旅行go on a visit 去访问去访问go on with+ n. 继续做继续做go on doing sth.继续做（原来的事）继续做（原来的事）go on to do sth. 继续做（另一件事）继续做（另一件事）go 构成的常用短语有；go out 外出；（灯，火等）熄火了go over 复习；调查；越过go through 通过；经过；经历go off 出发；爆发；（机器等）停止go into 进入；详细调查go down 下去；落下；下跌；降低go against
16、 违背；反抗；违反go about 请吧；用吧；干吧；说吧go after 追求go by 走过；（时间）过去，流逝5.readybe ready to do sth. 愿意做愿意做make/ be ready for sth.做好做好准备准备be ready to do sth.做好干做好干的准备的准备ready, set; go! 各就各位，预备，跑！各就各位，预备，跑！ready adv.（用与过去分词前）（用与过去分词前） 事先准备好；预先事先准备好；预先a ready-cooked dinner 预先做好的正餐预先做好的正餐 He is ready to listen to the
17、advice of wise men. Are you ready for the journey?Language points 1.Make eye contactlooking directly into someones eyes is in some countries a way to show interest. 考题点击考题点击_ with foreign countries can bring us much information about the world. A Contrast B Competition C Contact D Combination2. You
18、may use your own story or that of another group.考题点击考题点击Few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day. A some B any C that D thoseEquipped with modern facilities, todays libraries differ greatly from_. A those of the past B the past C which of the past D these past3.And if we are feeling do
19、wn or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of good friends.考题点击考题点击 - Her grandfather passed away this morning.- Its no wonder that she _. A felt down B broke down C fell down D cheered up4. Put numbers next to all the things in the order they occur.考题点击考题点击 A terrible accide
20、nt _ on No.6 Street yesterday, where a couple were killed by a truck. A folded B parted C patted D occurredSome Exercises: CCTV says that a storm will hit our city. In order to avoid _ , we must take our raincoats. A to catch B catching C to be caught D being caught Xiao Li spent as much time as he_
21、 over his lessons. A could going B went C could go D could to go I had meant _ sightseeing with her, but her words meant _. A going, to disagree B going, disagreeing C to go, to disagree D to go, disagreeing 5body language varies from culture to culture.考题点击考题点击 As we can see, the prices of vegetabl
22、es _ according to the season. A vary B fall C rise D drop6.Could you give me a hand with this?考题点击考题点击If you _ when he is in trouble, he will always appreciate you.A give him a hand B tear him downC make fun of D take possession of him 7.In other countries people greet each other with a firm handsha
23、ke.考题点击考题点击-HaiTao _ everyone with a smile on campus.-Thats why he is popular with everyone. A charges B greets C proves D comfortsSome exercises:1.-Mr. Wang, how about the exam last Wednesday? -You have all _.2. A got through B got up C got on D got out 2.-What made her so upset? -_ her house witho
24、ut saying “goodbye”. A Peter left B Peters leaving C Peter leaving D Peter 3._the news, she let out a cry of joy. A To hear B On hearing C Heard D To be hearing4.Was it the building _ many reporters were interviewing the US official _ was attacked last week? A where, that B that, who C which, that D
25、 when, who8. While there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal.考题点击考题点击_ I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they can not be solved. A When B While C As D but9. there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.
26、考题点击考题点击 I have no dreams _ to have a happy life. A rather than B more than C other than D less than10. and you must be ready to go through twists, loops and drops. 考题点击考题点击 She _ the companys accounts, ,looking for evidence of fraud (舞弊舞弊). A got through B passed through C went through D went over1
27、1.The only limit to the fun is the imagination of the designers of the thrill rides-and it seems to be endless!考题点击考题点击What she has in mind is beyond _. No one can tell what she will do next. A imagination B control C description D beliefSome Exercises:1._ his keys, the old man couldnt enter his hou
28、se until his wife came back. A To lose B Having lost C To have lost D Lost2.Dont quarrel with the boss again, or you will risk _ your job. A having lost B to lose C losing D to have lost3.The park, _ into two sections along a stream, has a couple of small bridges built over the stream. A divideds B
29、dividing C is divided D divided4.This novel is _ historical facts.A carried out B based on C stepped into D came to12.He cut off the electricity quickly and prevented an accident.考题点击考题点击Yd better cut _ the vegetables and then put them into the pot. A off B down C in D upA helicopter is able to _ of
30、f and land straight up and down. A get B turn C cut D take13.Can you work out what the underlined words refer to?考题点击考题点击The incident _ in the book written by the couple happened in Northern Anhui. A referring to B referred to C is referred to D has referred to 14.It is amazing that the six-year-old
31、 girl can speak three languages. 考题点击考题点击We must make _ known to all that smoking is harmful to health. A this B that C it D the matterSome exercises:1.-Why didnt you attend our weekend party yesterday? -Sorry, but I _ an appointment with Mr. Cooper. A made B was making C has made D had made 2.- I d
32、idnt mean _ her. -But talking like that means _ her. A to hurt, hurting B to hurt, to hurt C hurting, to hurt D hurting, hurting3.I called him many times yesterday but couldnt_. A get through B go through C look through D see through4.The fishman tied the boat to a rock to protect it _ away by the w
33、aves.A to be rushed B being rushedC from having rushed D from being rushed5.With the new policy put into effect, farmers will _ more each year. A bring out B bring in C bring up D bring on6.It was very difficult to learn to drive, but I _ to drive well. A succeeded B managed C tried D occurred7.China had entered a highly advanced period in the Tang Dynasty _ America was still in an unexploited period. A until B when C while D but
