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1、ENGLISH复习冠词初中英语课件CHUZHONGYINYUKEJIAN1、冠词分类、冠词分类n英语中冠词有不定冠词不定冠词和定冠词定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用2、不定冠词、不定冠词a / an的用法的用法n不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面;an用在元音开头的词的前面。?不定冠词的基本用法:n(1)表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。表示“一”这个数量。如:There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)n(2)表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如:A elephant
2、is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为:一头大象比一个人强壮。)n(3)表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如:He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。)n几个用不定冠词的习语:a bit(一点),a little(一点),a few(几个),a lot (许多),a kind of(一种),a pair of(一副、一双),a number of(大量的),a piece of (一张、一片),half an hour(半小时),have a good time(玩得开心),have a cold(感冒),make a
3、 noise(发出嘈杂声),have/take a (rest等等)(休息)一会儿,等等。3、定冠词、定冠词the的用法:的用法:n定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。定冠词的基本用法:定冠词的基本用法:n(1)表示特指的人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)n指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如:Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)n复述前面提到过的人或事物。如:There is a man under the tree. The man is ca
4、lled Robert.(树下有个人,那个人叫罗伯特。)n表示世界上独一无二的事物。如:The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)n用在表示方位的名词前面。如:There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地区将会刮大风。)n在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如:Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去?) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近
5、)n常用在乐器名称的前面。如:He began to play the violin at the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)n用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如:I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山)n用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如:He is from the United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)n用在姓氏的复数形式前面,表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人。如:The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下个月
6、格林一家要去峨眉山)n)same之前一般用the。如:Lucy and Lily lookthe same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)n和某些形容词连用,表示某一类人或事物Thericharenotalwayshappyn几个用定冠词的习语:at the same time(与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等口诀n定冠词:特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独一无二,序数最高级,某些专有名,习语及乐器。n(1)the用在“特指”谈话双方都知道的某个人或某些
7、人或物前。如:Whereistheteacher?老师在哪里?(2)the用在上文已提到的人或事物前。如:Icanseeacat.ThecatisLucys.我能看见一只猫,那只猫是露茜的。(3)the用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球围绕着太阳转。(4)the用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如:Mikeisthetallestofthethreeboys.迈克是三个男孩中最高的一个。(5)the用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:theGreatWall(长城),thePeoplesPark(人民公园)等。(6)the用在一些习惯用语中或乐器名
8、词前。如:intheday(在白天),playthepiano(弹钢琴)等。4、一些不用冠词的情况、一些不用冠词的情况n(1)专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如:China is a very large country.(中国是个大国) / Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水)n(2)名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如:My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)n周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如:He was born on Monday, February 1
9、8,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)n(4)(第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如:Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)n三餐饭前不用。如:We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)n节、假日前一般不用,但在以Festival组成的民间节日前要加the。如:On Childrens Day the boys often
10、get presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)n球类名词前不用。如:The children play football on Saturday afternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球n城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。如:They are now at Peoples Cinema.(他们此刻在人民电影院n在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如:nUncleWanglikesmakingthings.nWhatcolourareMrsGreensshoesn(9)一些习惯用语中不用。如: at / to / from / out o
11、f / after / for school; in / to / for / after class;in / to / out of / into bed; after / at/ from / out of / to work; at / to sea; in / from / down / to town; at / from home; at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; at night/noon/midnight; on foot; go to school/bed; on top of; in front of; on show/disp
12、lay/duty/watch; in / out of hospital;at all; on/in time; at first/last/once; in Chinese/English,etc.; take care of口诀n泛指用a/an,单数可数;特指用the,不特不the。解释:1)泛指用a/an,单数可数泛指的单数可数名词前要用a/an。2)特指用the如果是特指,那么无论是可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词前均要用the。3)不特不the不特指则不用the,包括泛指的可数名词单数前用a/an,泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词,泛指的不可数名词前也不用冠词三种情况。口诀n不用冠词:代词
13、限定名词前,专有名词不可数,复数名词表泛指,学科球类三餐饭,季节星期月份前,n颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。n(1)名词前已有作定语用的this,that,these,those,my,your,his,her,our,their,nsome等限定词时,不用冠词。如:thiseraser,herpencil-box,someboxes,thosewomen等。(2)泛指的不可数名词前一般不用冠词。如:meat,rice,water,bread,tea,milk,juice等(3)复数名词表示泛指时,不用冠词。如:Thepeopleintheroomaredoctors.房间里的那些人是医生。
14、(4)在表示学科的名词前一般不用冠词。如:Chinese,English,maths,physics,history等n在三餐饭和球类运动名词前一般不加冠词。如:havebreakfast/lunch/supper,playbasketball/football等。(5)在季节、节日、星期、月份前不用冠词。如:autumn,summer,winter,spring,TeachersDay,ChildrensDay,Sunday,February等。(6)在表颜色、语种和国家名词前不用冠词。如:white,brown,French,Australia等。n9.Heisalwaysreadytoh
15、elp_oldand_young.n10._Greensaretravelingin_SouthChina.n11.Although_mostofusliketodrinkbeer,thosewhodrink_mostare_leasthealthy.n12.Xiaomeisaw_interestingfilmlastnight._filmwasabout_kinddoctor.n13.Youcanhave_secondtryifyoufail_firsttime.n14.Tomwentto_schoolasusual,buthedidntknowhisfatherwentto_schoolf
16、oraparentmeeting.n15._knowledgebeginswith_practice.n9.the,the(形容词前加定冠词,表示一类人)n10.The,/(姓氏的复数前加定冠词the表示一家人;在华南是inSouthChina)n11./,the,the(most当大多数讲时前面不用the;后两空均为形容词的最高级,前面要加the)n12.a,the,a(第一空和第三空都指一个事物,第二空是特指前面提到的电影)n13.a,the(asecondtry指的是第二次)n14./,the(gotoschool去上学,gototheschool去那所学校)n15./,/(具有单纯意义
17、的物质名词或抽象名词前,一般不用冠词)n1._milkisfood._milkinthiscuphasgonebadn1./,the(milk是物质名词,一般不用冠词,但后面加上一个定语inthecup后,使其成为特指,所以需要用定冠词the.)n2.-Doyoulikeplaying_footballn2./,the(球类运动前不用the;指一个物体要用不定冠词a)n3.Doyouknow_girlon_anothersideof_lake?n3.the,/,the(特指这个女孩用the;名词前已有定语anothern4.Theres_uand_sin_workuse.n4.a,an,the
18、(u发音以辅音开头所以用a;s发音以元音开头所以用an;特指这个单词用the)n5.Shesays_animalscantslivewithout_air,eithern5./,/(泛指动物所以不用任何冠词;air不可数名词,其前一般不用冠词)n6.Hisfather,whois_honestman,isteachingin_universityn6.an,the(honest发音以元音开头,故用an,在大学里为intheuniversity)n7.Whichisheavier,_elephantor_horse?n7.an,a或the,the(不定冠词a,an和定冠词the与名词单数连用表示
19、种类)n8._coldwindwasblowingfromthenorth.n8.a(物质名词coffee,food,tea,fog,rain,snow,wind等,在表示一种或一场的意义时,前面要加不定冠词。n9.Heisalwaysreadytohelp_oldand_young.n10._Greensaretravelingin_SouthChinan9.the,the(形容词前加定冠词,表示一类人)n10.The,/(姓氏的复数前加定冠词the表示一家人;在华南是inSouthChina)n11.Although_mostofusliketodrinkbeer,thosewhodrin
20、k_mostare_leasthealthy.n12.Xiaomeisaw_interestingfilmlastnight._filmwasabout_kinddoctorn11./,the,the(most当大多数讲时前面不用the;后两空均为形容词的最高级,前面要加then12.a,the,a(第一空和第三空都指一个事物,第二空是特指前面提到的电影)n13.Youcanhave_secondtryifyoufail_firsttime.n14.Tomwentto_schoolasusual,buthedidntknowhisfatherwentto_schoolforaparentmee
21、tingn13.a,the(asecondtry指的是第二次n14./,the(gotoschool去上学,gototheschool去那所学校nIts_worldofwonders,_worldwhereanythingcanhappen.nA.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.不填;不填nB世界上独一无二的事物前一般用定冠词,但当此名词带有定语修饰时,前面应用不定冠词,故答案选B。n2.Thereis_hin_wordhour.nA.a;aB.an;thenC.the;theD.an;ann。h虽然是辅音字母,但发/eitF/的音,是元音音素开头的,故其前用an。而wordhour是特
22、指h所在的那个词,后面一空用the。所以选Bn1.Iread_story.Itis_interestingstory.nA.a,anB.a,aC.the,theD./,ann2.Britainis_EuropeancountryandChinais_Asiancountry.nA.an,anB.a,aC.a,anD.an,an3._Chinais_oldcountrywith_longhistory.nA.The,an,aB.The,a,aC./,an,theD./,an,an4._elephantisbiggerthan_horse.nA./,/B.an,aC.An,aD./,then5.W
23、ealwayshave_ricefor_lunch.nA./,/B.the,/C./,aD.the,the1-5ACDCAn6.Ittookme_hourand_halftofinish_work.nA.a,a,aB.an,a,aC.an,a,theD.an,a,/n7._doctortoldmetotake_medicinethreetimesn_day,stayin_bed,thenIwouldbebettersoon.nA./,a,a,theB.A,the,the,/C.The,the,a,/D.A,/,a,/n8.Thereis_pictureon_wall.Ilike_picture
24、verymuch.nA.a,the,theB.a,the,aC.the,a,aD.a,an,then9.Januaryis_firstmonthoftheyear.nA.aB./C.anD.then10.Shut_door,please.nA.aB.anC.theD./5-10CCADCn11.Einsteinwon_NobelPrizeinPhysicsin1921.nA.aB.anC.theD./n12.What_finedayitistoday!LetsgototheSummerPalace.nA.aB.anC.theD./n13.Ilikemusic,butIdontlike_musi
25、cofthatTVplay.nA.aB.anC.theD./n14._girloverthereis_Englishteacher.nA.The,anB.A,/C.The,/D.A,an15.Its_excitingwaytoshopontheNet.nA.aB.anC.theD./n10-15CACABn16.Shewas_founderof_orderofnunscalledtheMissionariesofCharity.nA.a,anB.a,/C.the,/D.the,ann17.Xianis_oldcitywith_longhistory,isntit?nA.a,anB.an,aC.
26、the,theD.the,an18.Nancyssisteris_Englishteacher,isntshe?nA.aB.anC.theD./n19.Chaffsis_boy,buthecanplaytheguitarverywell.nA.aneight-yearsoldB.aeight-year-oldnC.aeight-years-oldD.aneight-year-oldn20.Weoftenhavesportsafterclass,andIliketoplay_basketball.nA.aB.anC.theD./16-20DBBDDn21.Morecollegegraduates
27、wouldliketoworkin_westpartofourcountry_nextyear.nA.the,theB./,/C./,theD.the,/n22.Weworkfivedays_week.nA.aB.anC.theD./n23.-Inwhichclassis_boyinwhite?n-Hesinclass4.nA.theB.aC.anD./n24.-Wheredoyouusuallyhave_lunch?n-Athome.nA.aB.anC.theD./n25.Hehithissisterin_face.nA.theB.herC.D.his21-25DAADAn26.-Havey
28、ouseen_book?Ileftitherethismorning.n-Isit_Chinesebook?Isawit.nA.a,theB.the,theC.the,aD.a,an27.Theres_“u”and_“s”in_word“use”.nA.an,a,theB.a,an,C.a,a,aD.a,an,then28.-Didyouseemygrandmother?n-Oh,Isaw_oldwomansittingonachairbythelake.Maybesheis.nA.aB.anC.theD.n29.-Doyousee_manwithdog?n-Oh,Yes,dogisyellow.nA.the,a,TheB.a,a,theC.a,a,AD.a,the,An30.Whois_better,LiPingorWangDong?nA.theB.aC.anD.26-30DDBBD