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1、i. 、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共0分）A 2012山东卷 AThe Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes. For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remo
2、te island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island. However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. Then wh
3、aling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A tenyear civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900. Naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining compan
4、y discovered phosphate(磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate. A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a stripmine. When a company stripmines, it rem
5、oves the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Stripmining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions
6、of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island
7、was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.56. What might be the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To seek help for Nauru
8、s problems.B. To give a warning to other countries.C. To show the importance of money.D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war. 57. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?A. Rich and powerful. B. Modern and open.C. Peaceful and attractive. D. Greedy and aggressive. 58. The ecological disaste
9、r in Nauru resulted from _. A. soil pollutionB. phosphate overminingC. farming activityD. whale hunting59. Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?A. Its leaders misused the money.B. It spent too much repairing the island.C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.D. It lost mill
10、ions of dollars in the civil war. 60. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.B. The leaders will take the experts words seriously.C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.D. The phosphate mines were destroyed. 【答案解析】【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国
11、瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。56. B写作意图题。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area. Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B。57. C细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛attractive；由第二段第一
12、句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C。58. B细节理解题。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以看出“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B。59. A细节理解题。由最后一段的“Unfortunately, the
13、 leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. ”看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A。60. A推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island，也就是说：瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补
14、起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A。B (2013兰州市诊断，B)“I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face”. A charming way of saying “Keep off the grass”. But could you figure it out? Or this: “Wash Clothing Store” for laundry.They are both typical Chinglish, a combination of English vocabulary an
15、d Chinese grammar. Expressions such as “people mountain people sea”， means extremely crowded, and “give you some color to see”， meaning a punishment, are widely known and recognized.Chinglish has been attracting global attention in recent years as China grows rapidly in stature on the world stage, a
16、ttracting both fans and detractors.The Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Programme and English First China Company, a language trainer known as EF Education, jointly launched a campaign to root out poor grammar and misused vocabulary in downtown Beijing. They argue Chinglish is an embarrassment that we should let it die out at all costs.“It is meaningful, to all
