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1、宾语从句(TheObjectClause)第一部分：宾语概要一不同词类作宾语二非谓语类作宾语三从句类作宾语四两种特殊带宾语的结构五it用作形式宾语（基本用法）六双宾语七.同源宾语（CognateObject）第一部分：宾语概要宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。当然,也可以由一个句子来充当,称之为宾语从句；英语的及物动词后必须有宾语；除及物动词有宾语之外，英语介词后面也要有宾语；某些形容词如worth,careful等后也可有宾语；宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分。即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语统称为双宾语。一不同词类作宾语1
2、. 名词作宾语Sheisplayingthepianonow.2. 代词作宾语Wealllikehim.Shedoesntknowme.3. 数词作宾语Givemefour.4. the+形容词/v-ed/v-ing结构作宾语。1）Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.2）Theywenttohelpthedyingandthewounded.3）Theyaresearchingforthelost.二. 非谓语类作宾语1. 不定式作宾语Weallliketogotoschool.注意:Idontknowwhattodonext.2. 动名词作宾语Thebosshateswo
3、rkerscomplaining.三. 从句类作宾语Ithinkheisright.DoyouunderstandwhatImean?Iaskedwhetherthereareanychemistsshopsinthisstreet.Givehimwhateverheneeds.Wecanrelyonwhomeverwecantrust.Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.四. 两种特殊带宾语的结构1. 一些形容词可有宾语常用的情感形容词有：sure,afraid,glad,pleased,happy,worried,sad,sorryThebook
4、isworthreading.2. 介宾结构Aretheylisteningtotheprofessor?Aretheysatisfiedwithus?Hepassedtheexambycheating.五. it用作形式宾语（基本用法）Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.Didyoumakeitclearwhyshedidntcome?Ithinkitverystrangethathegoesoutwalkingalmosteverynight.Shewontlikeitifyouarri
5、velate.六. 双宾语有些及物动词可接两个宾语（双宾语），即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。1. 常用句型为主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语。Givemeacupoftea,please.Youdontneedtoshowhimhowtodoit.Hehastoldmewheretheylives.2. 下面几种情况，通常要用介词to或for引起的短语：1）.当直接宾语是人称代词（it/them）时。如：ThewatchisLiLeis.Pleasegiveittohim.。2）.当强调间接宾语时。如：Mothercooksbreakfastforuseveryday.3）.当间接宾语比直接宾
6、语长时。如：Onthebus,heoftengiveshisseattoanoldperson.4）由to连接间接宾语的动词有：give,lend,bring,show,tell,write,send,hand,teach,offer,sell,promise,pass,take等.5）由for连接间接宾语的动词有：buy,make,leave,do,choose,order,sing,win,cook,get等注意：Iwillaskhimaquestion.Iwillaskaquestionofhim.七.同源宾语（CognateObject）少数不及物动词能带一个在词根上与动词相同或相近意
7、义的宾语，即同源宾语1. 能带同源宾语的动词有：lead,live,die,sleep,dream,breathe,smile,laugh,fight,run,sing等。UndertheleadershipoftheParty,thepeasantsarelivingahappylife.I dreamedaterribledreamlastnight.OursoldiersfoughtawonderfulfightagainstthefloodslastAugust.Hediedaheroicdeath.2. 同源宾语前面可带形容词作定语。这时，“动词+定语+同源宾语”的结构在意义上相当于
8、“动词+与定语意义相同的状语”。二者相比，前者语气更强一些。Wesleptacomfortablesleeplastnight.（=Wesleptcomfortablylastnight.）ProfessorSmithdiedasuddendeathlastWednesday.（=ProfessorSmithdiedsuddenlylastWednesday.）注意：同源宾语前面通常带有定语。fightagoodfightbreatheadeepbreathlaughafoolishlaughsmileaforcedsmile3. 同源宾语的修饰语是形容词最高级或含有最高级意义时，该同源宾语常
9、可以省去。Youshouldrunyourfastest（race）.Theoldmanbreathedhislast（breath）thismorning.第二部分宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。比较下面几个句子Idontknowthephonenumber.Idontknowwhathisphonenumberis.Idontknowifthisishisphonenumber.在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句详解一. 宾语从句的分类:.1 作动词的宾语:Iheardthathewouldcomeherelateron.2 作介词的宾语:Hesaidno
10、thingaboutwhobrokethewindowlastnight.3 作形容词的宾语：IamsureIwillpasstheexam.二. 宾语从句中引导词（连接词）的用法分三类：从属连词that（陈述句）,if,whether（是否），连接代词who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般扌旨疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.找出并翻译下列句中的宾语从句1Hetoldmethat
11、hewouldgotothecollegethenextyear2 Idontknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.3 Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.4 DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?5 ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.6 Hedidnttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.7 Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel（新的操作盘）？8 Noneofusknowswherethesenew
12、partscanbebought.（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）1只起连接作用，无词意，通常第一个that可省。可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。Theboybeli
13、evesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.2在以下情况中that不能省略1）、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.
14、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。Icanttellhimthathismotherdied.4）当it作形式宾语时例句：Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim.5）当宾语从句前置时Thatourteamwillwin，Ibelieve6）.that从句单独回答问题时。如：Whatdidhehear？他听说了什么事？ThatKatehadpassedtheexam.（他听说）凯特考试及格了。3宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主
15、句表示。Idontthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.注意：1）主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.IdontbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,wontshe/he？Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,haventyou？如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词（不包含带有否定前缀的词，如：unhappy,unfair，dislike等）,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe？2）当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。Yoursistersupposesshenee
