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1、话题话题1.Different types of English humour(英语幽默种类英语幽默种类)2A taste of English humour(感受英语的幽默感受英语的幽默)功能功能Emotions(感情，情绪感情，情绪)语法语法The v ving form as the Predicative, Attribute and Object Complement(动词的动词的ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法)重点重点单词单词humour，ordinary，content，astonish，particular，entertain，thr
2、oughout，overcome，convince，direct，fortunate，outstanding, gesture，occasion，slide，whisper，react重点重点短语短语up to now，pick out，star in，cut off，be/feel content with，badly off，be convinced of，be particular about，in the open air重点重点句型句型1.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he
3、 could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.2Unfortunately，his father died，leaving the family even worse off.3Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.4The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted！1cont
4、ent n内内容容，题题材材；容容量量，目目录录(pl.)；满满足足(意意) adj.满足的，高兴的满足的，高兴的(一般不用作定语一般不用作定语)；甘愿的；甘愿的vt.使使满足满足归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)be content to do sth.be willing to do sth.be ready to do sth.愿意做某事愿意做某事(不能用不能用contented替换替换)be content that满意满意feel/be content with.(feel/be satisfied with)对对感感到满意到满意/满足满足(2)content sb./oneself with
5、sth.使使满足于某事满足于某事(3)with content满足满足(意意)地地to ones hearts content尽情地，心满意足地尽情地，心满意足地(4)contented adj.满足的，满意的满足的，满意的(可作定语可作定语)the contented people满足的人们满足的人们a contented smile满足的微笑满足的微笑注注意意：content用用作作形形容容词词充充当当表表语语，表表示示“非非常常满满意意”时，只能说时，只能说be well content，不能说，不能说be very content。He is always content with a
6、 little book knowledge only.他总是满足于仅有的一点书本知识。他总是满足于仅有的一点书本知识。After graduation，he is content to work as a teacher.毕业后，他很乐意当老师。毕业后，他很乐意当老师。We should never content ourselves with such a small success.我们永远不要仅仅满足于这样的小成就。我们永远不要仅仅满足于这样的小成就。We can swim in the river to our hearts content.我们可以在河里尽情地游泳。我们可以在河里尽
7、情地游泳。同类辨析同类辨析content与与contented这两个词都有这两个词都有“满意的，满足的满意的，满足的”之意。之意。(1)content表表示示“甘甘心心的的，甘甘愿愿的的”，多多用用作作表表语语、后后置置定语或状语，后面可接不定式。定语或状语，后面可接不定式。(2)contented 指指安安于于现现状状，别别无无他他求求，有有“知知足足”的的意意思，一般作前置定语或表语。思，一般作前置定语或表语。【链接训练链接训练】Neither the teacher nor the students are _ with the result of the experiment.Acon
8、tent BcontentedCcontenting Dsatisfying【解解析析】be content with.be satisfied with.。句句意意为：老师和学生都对这个实验结果不满意。为：老师和学生都对这个实验结果不满意。【答案答案】AThat rich woman is tired of city life， so she is _ to live in the country.Aafraid Bunwilling Ccontent Dtiring【解解析析】be content to do sth.“愿愿意意做做某某事事”。句句意意为为：那个贵妇人厌倦了城市生活，因此她
9、乐意到乡村去居住。那个贵妇人厌倦了城市生活，因此她乐意到乡村去居住。【答案答案】C2entertain vt.&vi.使快乐；款待，招待使快乐；款待，招待归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)entertain sb.to sth.用用宴宴客客/招招待待/款款待待某某人人(尤尤指指在在自己家中自己家中)entertain sb.with sth.sb.be entertained with sth.用用使某人快乐使某人快乐entertain sb.as.把某人当把某人当招待招待(2)entertainment n娱乐活动；款待，招待娱乐活动；款待，招待find entertainment in以以为乐为乐gi
10、ve an entertainment to sb.招待某人招待某人give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会为某人举行欢送会(3)entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的，引人发笑的愉快的，有趣的，引人发笑的entertainer n款待者；表演娱乐节目的人款待者；表演娱乐节目的人Bob and Lily entertained us to dinner last night.昨晚鲍勃和莉莉设宴招待了我们。昨晚鲍勃和莉莉设宴招待了我们。He entertained us for hours with his stories and jok
11、es.他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。This law applies to theatres，cinemas and other places of public entertainment.此项法律适用于剧院、电影院和其他公共娱乐场所。此项法律适用于剧院、电影院和其他公共娱乐场所。She was always so funny and entertaining.她总是那么风趣，让人愉快。她总是那么风趣，让人愉快。【链接训练链接训练】He often listens to the music in his spare time
12、to _ himself.AentertainBencourageCeducateDedit【解解析析】 entertain“娱娱乐乐”；encourage“鼓鼓励励”；educate“教教育育”；edit“编编辑辑”。entertain oneself“自自娱娱自自乐乐”，符合题意。，符合题意。【答案答案】A_ consists of performances of plays and films and activities such as reading and watching TV that give people pleasure.AEntertain BTo entertainC
13、Entertaining DEntertainment【解解析析】entertainment 是是名名词词，意意为为“招招待待，款款待待，娱娱乐乐，消消遣遣”，在在此此意意为为“娱娱乐乐”。句句意意为为：娱娱乐乐活活动动包包括括表表演演、电电影影及及其其他他一一些些像像读读书书、看看电电影影等等带带给给人人们们愉愉悦悦的的活活动。动。【答案答案】D3convince vt. 使确信；使信服使确信；使信服归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)convince sb.of sth./that使某人相信某事使某人相信某事convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事归纳拓展归纳拓展(2)c
14、onvinced adj. 坚定不移的；确信的坚定不移的；确信的be convinced of sth./that确信确信(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的令人信服的；有说服力的a convincing victory/win大比分获胜大比分获胜I convinced him of her honesty.I convinced him that she was honest.我使他相信她是诚实的。我使他相信她是诚实的。He has been trying to convince her to see a doctor.他一直试着劝她去看医生。他一直试着劝她去看医生。
15、I am convinced that he is telling the truth.我确信他讲的是事实。我确信他讲的是事实。We were convinced of the truth of the report.我们确信这个报告的真实性。我们确信这个报告的真实性。There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现在有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。现在有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。同类辨析同类辨析convince与与persuadeconvince和和 persuade都都 有有 “说说 服服 ”之之
16、意意 ， 都都 可可 用用 于于convince/persuade sb.of sth.和和convince/persuade sb.that.结结构构。但但convince表表示示用用事事实实或或道道理理等等说说服服某某人人相相信信或或做做某某事事；而而persuade则则表表示示用用劝劝说说的的方方法法使使人人愿愿意意采采纳纳意意见见或或采采取取行行动动，侧重以情感人。侧重以情感人。I tried to convince them of his innocence.我试图使他们相信他是无辜的。我试图使他们相信他是无辜的。I finally persuaded him to go to co
17、llege.我终于说服他去上大学。我终于说服他去上大学。【链接训练链接训练】The couple tried every effort to _ the judges who tried the case of their innocence，resulting in the contrary.Aprove Bcharge Cconvince Dconfirm【解解析析】句句意意为为：那那对对夫夫妇妇尽尽力力使使审审讯讯那那宗宗案案件件的的法法官官相相信信他他们们是是清清白白的的，但但结结果果正正相相反反。prove“证证明明”；charge sb. with.“指指控控某某人人”；convi
18、nce sb. of sth.“使使某某人人相相信信”；confirm sth.“证证实实”。由由句句意意及及convince sb. of sth.的搭配可知正确答案为的搭配可知正确答案为C项。项。【答案答案】C(2)direction n方向；方位；指导；指挥方向；方位；指导；指挥in the direction of.朝朝方向方向under the direction of.在在指导下指导下in all directionsin every direction朝四面八方朝四面八方Was what he said directed at me?他说的话是冲我来的吗？他说的话是冲我来的吗？C
19、an you direct me to the post office?请问到邮局怎么走？请问到邮局怎么走？A policeman stood in the middle of the street，directing the traffic.一名交警站在路中央指挥交通。一名交警站在路中央指挥交通。(2)direct作作副副词词时时，多多表表示示具具体体的的路路径径，意意为为“径径直直地地，直接地直接地”；directly作作副副词词时时，表表示示抽抽象象意意义义，意意为为“直直接接地地”。也也可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一一就就”。It costs mo
20、re to fly direct to HongKong.直飞香港的航班票价要高些。直飞香港的航班票价要高些。Directly the teacher came in，everyone was quiet.老师一进来，大家都静了下来。老师一进来，大家都静了下来。【链接训练链接训练】The airline doesnt go _ to America.It goes by way of Japan.AdirectlyBdirectCdirectionDimmediately【解解析析】direct作作副副词词，意意为为“径径直直地地，直直接接地地”多多指指路路径径；directly“直直接接地地
21、”多多表表示示抽抽象象意意义义。句句意意为为：飞飞机机不不直直飞美国，要经过日本。飞美国，要经过日本。【答案答案】B5whisper n& v耳语；私语；谣传；密谈；低声说耳语；私语；谣传；密谈；低声说归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)whisper to sb.与与耳语，向某人小声说耳语，向某人小声说whisper sth.in ones ear 附在某人耳朵上说附在某人耳朵上说It is/was whispered that.据秘密传言据秘密传言(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地低声地give sb.the whisper对某人耳语，给某人以暗示对某人耳语，给某人以暗示 He w
22、hispered to her so that no one else would hear.他对她耳语，以避免让别人听到。他对她耳语，以避免让别人听到。It is whispered that his business is falling.据传言他的公司要倒闭。据传言他的公司要倒闭。They sat at the back of the room，talking in whispers.他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。【链接训练链接训练】She had to _ to her husband so that she would not wake the baby.A
23、shout Bspeak Cwhisper Dtalk【解解析析】句句意意为为：为为了了不不弄弄醒醒婴婴儿儿，她她不不得得不不和和丈丈夫夫耳语。耳语。whisper to sb.“与与耳语，向某人小声说耳语，向某人小声说”。【答案答案】C6react vi.作出反应，回应作出反应，回应归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)react to对对作出反应作出反应react on/upon对对有影响，作用于有影响，作用于react against反对；反抗反对；反抗react with sth.react together 和某物起化学反应和某物起化学反应(2)reaction n. 反应；回应反应；回应chain
24、 reaction连锁反应连锁反应Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。Will the people ever react against this dictator?有朝一日人民会起来反抗这位独裁者吗？有朝一日人民会起来反抗这位独裁者吗？How did she react to your answer?对你的回答她如何反应？对你的回答她如何反应？Your praise will react on your students.你的表扬会影响到你的学生。你的表扬会影响到你的学生。
25、What was his reaction to the news?他对这消息的反应如何？他对这消息的反应如何？【链接训练链接训练】The football player reacted _ the judges decision by withdrawing from the match.Aon Bto Cagainst Dby【解解析析】考考查查react与与不不同同介介词词搭搭配配的的不不同同意意义义。句句意意为为：这这名名球球员员以以退退出出比比赛赛来来反反抗抗裁裁判判的的裁裁决决。react against“反对，反抗反对，反抗”，符合题意。，符合题意。【答案答案】C用介词用介词to
26、/with/against完成句子完成句子Plants react _ light.Certain acids react _ metals to cause chemical changes.They reacted strongly _ the unreasonable rules.【答案答案】towithagainst1badly off 穷的；缺乏的；境况不好的穷的；缺乏的；境况不好的归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)be badly off for sth.某某物物短短缺缺、不不够够(相相当当于于 be short of/lack of)be well off 富裕的；处境好的富裕的；处境好的b
27、e well off for sth.某一方面充裕某一方面充裕be better off境况较好境况较好be worse off更穷；境况更糟更穷；境况更糟(2)worse and worse越来越坏；每况愈下越来越坏；每况愈下go from bad to worse越来越坏，每况愈下越来越坏，每况愈下to make matters worse(and)what is worse而而更更糟糟糕糕的的是是I have got quite a big room so Im not too badly off.我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不算太差。我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不算太差。I wen
28、t to his home and found his living conditions were worse off than mine.我到他家一看，发现他的生活条件比我的还差。我到他家一看，发现他的生活条件比我的还差。The school is rather badly off for equipment.这所学校相当缺乏设备。这所学校相当缺乏设备。To make matters worse/Whats worse, it began to rain while we were marching.使事情更糟的是，在我们行进过程中，天下起了雨。使事情更糟的是，在我们行进过程中，天下起了雨
29、。【链接训练链接训练】How are the things in your village?Modern farming methods have been brought in and the villagers are _ now than before.Awell off Bbetter offCbadly off Dworse off【解解析析】be well off “富富裕裕”；其其比比较较级级be better off“境境况况较较好好”；be badly off “贫贫困困”；其其比比较较级级be worse off“比比以以前前更更穷穷”，根根据据句句意意可可知知村村民民的的
30、生生活活比比以以前前“更更富富裕裕了了”，所以用，所以用be well off的比较级的比较级be better off。【答案答案】BMary，Toms father has just lost his job.Im sorry to hear that.You mean he is much _ now.Abadly off Bbest offCworse off Dbetter off【解解析析】由由句句意意可可知知应应选选“境境况况差差的的”，又又much常常用用来修饰比较级，而来修饰比较级，而badly off的比较级是的比较级是worse off，故选，故选C。【答案答案】C2pi
31、ck out挑出；辨别出挑出；辨别出归纳拓展归纳拓展pick up捡捡起起，拾拾起起；用用车车搭搭载载(人人、货货物物)；(偶偶然然地地、无无意意地地)获获得得(知知识识、消消息息等等)；学学会会(语语言言)；改改善善，好好转转；接接收收(信号等信号等)pick up with sb.结识某人结识某人pick on/upon给给(某人某人)找找(别扭别扭)；挑剔；挑剔pick and choose挑三拣四挑三拣四She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.她从大批的求职者当中被选出来担任这项工作。她从大批的求职者当中被选出来
32、担任这项工作。See if you can pick me out in this photo.看你能不能把我从这张照片中认出来。看你能不能把我从这张照片中认出来。She was picked on by the other girls because of her size.她因为个头关系被其他女孩欺负。她因为个头关系被其他女孩欺负。The bus picks up passengers outside the airport.公共汽车在机场外接乘客。公共汽车在机场外接乘客。Sales have picked up 14% this year.今年销售额增长了今年销售额增长了14%。【链接训
33、练链接训练】How could you _ my sister so easily in the crowd?Because she stood out in her red dress.Apick up Bpick out Ctake up Dtake out【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语辨辨析析。pick up“捡捡起起”；pick out“挑挑出出，辨辨认认出出”；take up“拿拿起起，开开始始从从事事”；take out“拿拿出出来来”。句句意意为为：你你在在人人群群中中如如何何很很容容易易辨辨认认出出我我妹妹妹妹来？来？因为她穿着红裙子很显眼。根据句意可知答案为因为她穿着红
34、裙子很显眼。根据句意可知答案为B。【答案答案】BBad habits are easily _ while good ones are hard to develop.Akept up Bcaught up Cdrawn up Dpicked up【解解析析】 keep up“保保持持”；catch up(with.)“追追上上”；draw up“接接近近”；pick up“养养成成”。句句意意为为：坏坏习习惯惯易养成而好习惯却很难。易养成而好习惯却很难。【答案答案】D3cut off 切切断断(水水、电电、煤煤气气等等)供供应应；切切掉掉，剪剪下下；(突突然然)中断；断离中断；断离(常跟常跟
35、from)归纳拓展归纳拓展cut across 抄近路穿过；径直穿过抄近路穿过；径直穿过cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开cut down 砍砍倒倒；(疾疾病病等等)夺夺去去生生命命；削削减减，缩缩短短；毁毁灭灭，破坏破坏cut in 插嘴；突然插入；超车插嘴；突然插入；超车cut into halves/pieces 切成两半切成两半/碎块碎块cut out 切掉；删掉；割掉；省略切掉；删掉；割掉；省略cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心She cut off a big piece of beef from the steak.她从
36、牛排上切下一大块肉来。她从牛排上切下一大块肉来。The countrys economy would collapse if oil supplies were cut off.如果石油供应中断的话，该国的经济会崩溃。如果石油供应中断的话，该国的经济会崩溃。I usually cut across the park on my way home.我常抄近路回家，从公园里面走。我常抄近路回家，从公园里面走。They cut away all the dead branches from the tree.他们把这棵树上的枯枝全都砍掉了。他们把这棵树上的枯枝全都砍掉了。【链接训练链接训练】I wa
37、s speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _.Ahung up Bhung back Ccut down Dcut off【解解析析】cut sb.off “中中断断(电电话话通通话话)”。句句意意为为：我我正正在在与与安安通通电电话话，突突然然我我们们被被中中断断了了。hang up “挂挂起起，挂挂断断(电电话话)”，hang back“犹犹豫豫，畏畏缩缩”；cut down “砍砍倒倒，削削减减”，三者均与句意不符。三者均与句意不符。【答案答案】DHe was in hospital for six months.He fe
38、lt as if he was _ from the outside world.Acut out Bcut off Ccut up Dcut through【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语辨辨析析。cut off “切切断断，剥剥夺夺”；cut out “删删除除，剪剪下下”；cut up “切切碎碎”；cut through “刺刺穿穿；抄抄近近路路”。句句意意为为：他他住住院院六六个个月月，感感觉觉好好像像与与外外界界隔隔绝绝了了。根据题意可知答案为根据题意可知答案为B。【答案答案】B4Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them a
39、s if they were spaghetti.卓别林首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。卓别林首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。as if(as though)意意为为“似似乎乎是是，好好像像是是”，引引导导方方式式状状语语从从句句。表表示示与与当当时时状状况况不不相相符符的的情情况况，故故使使用用的的是是虚虚拟拟语语气。气。归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)在在look，seem，sound等系动词后引导表语从句。等系动词后引导表语从句。(2)可引导方式状语从句。可引导方式状语从句。(3)as if还还可可用用于于省省略略句句中中。如如果果as if引引导导的的从从句句是是“主主语语系系动
40、动词词”结结构构，可可省省略略主主语语和和系系动动词词，这这样样as if后后就就只只剩剩下名词、不定式、形容词下名词、不定式、形容词(短语短语)、介词短语或分词。、介词短语或分词。(4)as if从句的语气及时态从句的语气及时态as if从句用陈述语气的情况从句用陈述语气的情况当当说说话话者者认认为为句句子子所所述述的的是是真真实实的的或或极极有有可可能能发发生生或或存存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。as if从句用虚拟语气的情况从句用虚拟语气的情况当当说说话话者者认认为为句句子子所所述述的的是是不不真真实实的的或或极极不不可可能能发发生生或或存在的情况时，从句用虚
41、拟语气，其形式如下：存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其形式如下：a如如果果从从句句表表示示与与现现在在事事实实相相反反，谓谓语语动动词词用用一一般般过过去去时。时。b如如果果从从句句表表示示与与过过去去事事实实相相反反，谓谓语语动动词词用用had过过去分词。去分词。c 如如 果果 从从 句句 表表 示示 与与 将将 来来 事事 实实 相相 反反 ， 谓谓 语语 动动 词词 用用would/could/might动词原形。动词原形。It sounds as though you had a good time.听起来你好像过得挺愉快。听起来你好像过得挺愉快。He talked about Hong
42、 Kong as if he had been there before.他说起香港时好像他以前去过似的。他说起香港时好像他以前去过似的。He opened his lips as if to say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。他张开嘴好像要说什么。Its my birthday today.As if you didnt know!今天是我的生日，你好像不知道似的！今天是我的生日，你好像不知道似的！It seems as if he has lost something.他好像丢了什么东西。他好像丢了什么东西。【链接训练链接训练】He stopped and looked b
43、ack as if _ whether he was followed.AseeingBhaving seenCto have seenDto see【解解析析】as if可可用用于于省省略略句句中中，如如果果as if引引导导的的从从句句是是“主主语语系系动动词词”结结构构，可可省省略略主主语语和和系系动动词词。此此处处用用动动词词不定式表示目的。不定式表示目的。to have seen 时态不合适。时态不合适。【答案答案】D动词的动词的ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语动动词词的的ing形形式式是是动动词词的的一一种种非非谓谓语语形形式式，由由动动词词原原形形加
44、加ing构构成成，包包括括现现在在分分词词和和动动名名词词。可可以以在在句句中中用用作作主主语语、表表语语、宾宾语语、宾宾语语补补足足语语、状状语语和和定定语语。下下面面来来看看一一下下动动词词的的ing形式在句中作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。形式在句中作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。一、动词一、动词 ing 形式作表语形式作表语1动动名名词词作作表表语语时时句句子子主主语语常常是是表表示示无无生生命命的的事事物物的的名名词词或或 what 引引导导的的名名词词性性从从句句。作作表表语语的的动动名名词词与与主主语语通通常常是是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语和表语的位置可互换。对等的关系，表
45、示主语的内容，主语和表语的位置可互换。The task of this class is practising the idioms.这节课的任务是练习这些习惯用语。这节课的任务是练习这些习惯用语。His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英语。他的工作是教英语。2现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。What you said is really inspiring.你所说的真鼓舞人心。你所说的真鼓舞人心。The situation is quite encouraging.形势很令人鼓舞。形势很令人鼓舞。二、动词二、动词i
46、ng 形式作定语形式作定语现现在在分分词词及及其其短短语语可可以以在在句句中中作作定定语语，其其作作用用相相当当于于一一个个定定语语从从句句，其其动动作作和和谓谓语语动动作作同同时时发发生生，与与其其修修饰饰词词之之间间是是主主动动关关系系，也也就就是是说说现现在在分分词词的的动动作作就就是是它它修修饰饰的的那那个个词词的动作。的动作。1现在分词作定语的位置现在分词作定语的位置现现在在分分词词作作定定语语时时通通常常放放在在它它所所修修饰饰的的名名词词前前面面，现现在在分分词词短短语语作作定定语语通通常常放放在在它它所所修修饰饰的的名名词词后后面面，可可以以转转换换成成定语从句。定语从句。如如
47、果果现现在在分分词词修修饰饰由由some/any/nothing/body/one所所构构成成的的不不定定代代词词或或指指示示代代词词those时时，分分词词放放在在这这些些被被修修饰饰词词的的后面。后面。注注意意：动动词词ing形形式式的的动动名名词词也也可可作作定定语语，它它表表示示“用用作作的的”，强强调调用用途途与与目目的的，而而现现在在分分词词作作定定语语强强调调的的是是动作。动作。a waiting room(a room for waiting)候诊室，候车室候诊室，候车室a sleeping child(a child who is sleeping)熟睡的孩子熟睡的孩子She
48、 went on board the train leaving for Shanghai.She went on board the train which was leaving for Shanghai.她乘坐去上海的火车。她乘坐去上海的火车。2现在分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系现在分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系现现在在分分词词表表示示主主动动和和进进行行，因因此此用用现现在在分分词词作作定定语语时时，其表示的动作是与谓语动作同时或基本同时发生的。其表示的动作是与谓语动作同时或基本同时发生的。The boy standing by the gate is Tom.站在门口的男孩子是汤
49、姆。站在门口的男孩子是汤姆。3如如果果一一个个及及物物动动词词的的现现在在分分词词作作定定语语，既既要要表表达达进进行行，又要表达被动，则用现在分词的被动语态。又要表达被动，则用现在分词的被动语态。The meeting being held is very important.正在召开的会议很重要。正在召开的会议很重要。三、动词三、动词ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语现现在在分分词词作作宾宾补补，强强调调动动作作正正在在进进行行。v.ing 形形式式主主要要用用于于下下列列几几类类动动词词中中，后后接接宾宾语语然然后后加加上上动动词词ing，构构成成复复合合宾语结构，由其充当宾语补足语
50、。宾语结构，由其充当宾语补足语。1表表示示感感觉觉和和心心理理状状态态的的动动词词，如如 see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，notice，observe，listen to，look at等。等。I heard Mr.Smith singing in the next door.我听到史密斯先生在隔壁唱歌。我听到史密斯先生在隔壁唱歌。I felt someone patting me on the shoulder.我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀。我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀。 2表表示示“指指使使”等等意意义义的的使使役役动动词词，如如 have，let，keep，get，
51、leave 等。等。Can you get my watch going again?你能使我的表再运作起来吗？你能使我的表再运作起来吗？Im sorry to have kept you waiting long.对不起，让你久等了。对不起，让你久等了。3在在有有些些动动词词(如如 regard，describe，accept，think of，quote 等等)之后，可由之后，可由 as 引出动词的引出动词的ing形式作宾补。形式作宾补。They regarded the contract as being invalid.他们认为合同无效。他们认为合同无效。They described
52、the child as being very clever.他们描述这孩子非常聪明。他们描述这孩子非常聪明。【链接训练链接训练】 Shortage of water is a _ problem in the west area of China，which should be paid attention to by the government.Ato be continued BcontinuedCbeing continued Dcontinuing【解解析析】考考查查动动词词ing形形式式作作前前置置定定语语，一一般般来来说说，如如果果是是单单个个的的v.ing修修饰饰名名词词通通
53、常常前前置置，如如果果是是v.ing短短语语则则后后置。置。 【答案答案】DWhat most people hate most _ at in public.Ais being laughed Bbeing laughedCis to laugh Dlaughed【解解析析】考考查查动动名名词词的的被被动动语语态态作作表表语语。句句意意为为：多多数人最痛恨的就是在公共场合被嘲笑。数人最痛恨的就是在公共场合被嘲笑。【答案答案】AThe salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.Astealing Bto be stealingCto
54、have stolen Dto steal【解解析析】考考查查动动词词ing形形式式作作宾宾语语补补足足语语。catch sb. doing sth. 抓抓住住/发发现现某某人人正正在在做做某某事事。caught stealing是是the girl的后置定语。的后置定语。【答案答案】ASomething _ the tap should be removed so that the water can come through quickly.Ablocking BblockedCbe blocked Dhaving blocked【解解析析】something与与block之之间间是是主主动动关关系系，故故排排除除B、C两两项项；又又现现在在分分词词修修饰饰something等等不不定定代代词词时时，分分词词放放在在这些修饰词的后面，故正确答案为这些修饰词的后面，故正确答案为A。D项时态不对。项时态不对。【答案答案】AIt was so cold that they had the fire _ all night.Ato burn BburnCburning Dburned【解解析析】have.doing“让让一一直直在在做做”。在在此此现在分词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。现在分词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。【答案答案】C
