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1、定语从句定语从句000002修饰名词和代词的成分修饰名词和代词的成分Keywords:定语定语:a beautiful flowera tall boybeautifultall定语从句：定语从句：修饰名词和代词的从句修饰名词和代词的从句This is the best film that I have seen.定语从句定语从句the best film 先行词先行词that关系词关系词6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题定语从句中的主谓一致问题8.theway做先行词做先行词9.是是that/which/还是还是theone/theo
2、nes常见常见考点考点1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it考点一考点一:that 与与which 的区别的区别先行词为先行词为all, little, much, everyth
3、ing, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时，等不定代词时，关系代词用关系代词用that4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fir
4、e burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it先行词为先行词为人和物的人和物的组合组合先行词被先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等等修饰时修饰时先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或或最高级最高级修饰先行词前有修饰先行词前有序数词序数词(the first),形容词最高级形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the only 等时。等时。若主句中有疑
5、问代词若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者或者 which，为了避，为了避免重复免重复, 关系代词不要再用关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用，而用 that。 1. 先行词为先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词等不定代词2.先行词被先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时。等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级形容词最高级(the best), the las
6、t, the very, the only 等时。等时。4.先行词为人和物的组合先行词为人和物的组合5.若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者或者 which，为了避免重复，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用，而用 that。只用只用that的情况的情况:考点一考点一:that 与与which 的区别的区别1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it只用只用which的情况的情况:1,逗号后面逗号后面 2,介词后面介词后面2. T
7、he day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.A.on which B that C which D.this考点二考点二:介词介词+关系代词关系代词提醒提醒: 介词介词关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键关键 是判断介词的选择是判断介词的选择.方法一方法一:根据从句中根据从句中动词动词与与先行词先行词习惯搭配习惯搭配方法二方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系逻辑关系 注意：注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由时，从句常常由“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引出。引出。此时关系代
8、词只能用此时关系代词只能用which 或或 whom; 不可不可用用that 或或who 代替代替ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.Jointhemintoonesentence.=ThemanaboutItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity. 关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用不能用that，也也不能省略不
9、能省略，常用，常用which或或whom。该介词通常可以。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。whom注意注意: :但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置跟词组主体，不作前置 Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor? Isthisthebookforwhichyouarelooking? Filling blanks:1.Theman_youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom_myfamilyliveusedtobea
10、garage.3.Thisisthegirl_Ilearnedthenews.7.(06浙江浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.withwhominwhichfromwhomofwhich4.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_HewentontoBeijingUniversity.(2007江苏）江苏）5.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.(2007辽宁）辽宁）6.Shewaseduc
11、atedatBeijingUniversity,_shewenttohaveheradvancedStudyabroad.(2006陕西）陕西）afterwhichafterwhichafterwhich考点三考点三 Whose 用法及转换形式用法及转换形式1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。构成名词短语。Thats the child whose father is a teacher.Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is
12、 green.2.2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以以指人指人，还可以，还可以指物指物。 3. whose的先行词指物时的先行词指物时, 可用可用of which代替代替, 但词序不同，但词序不同，即即whose+名词名词=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.= He lives in the room, faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.the window of which o
13、f which the window Practice1.Theoldmanhasanoldvase,_priceisquitehigh.2.Theoldmanhasanoldvase,_isquitehigh.3.Theoldmanhasanoldvase,_isquitehigh.whosethepriceofwhichofwhichtheprice考点四：考点四：as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用换，但下列情况多用as。1.当与当与such或或thesame连用时，一般用连用时，
14、一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.2.as引导的从句可以放在句首引导的从句可以放在句首,as本身有本身有“正正如如.正象正象”之意，与之连用的词有之意，与之连用的词有 know,see,expect,announce,pointout等。等。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.1. _ was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2. Such signs _ we use in the e
15、xperiment _Greek letters. A. as, are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is3. She is very good at dance, _ everybody knows. A. that B. which C. who D. as4. _ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As5. We do the same work _ they do. A. which B. as C. than D. lik
16、e链接高考链接高考1._is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001全国全国) A. It B. As C. That D. What2. _ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. （2003上海春招）上海春招） A. That B. As C. It D. What 3. _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries
17、 are making progress. （2004北京）北京） A. It B. As C. That D. What 4. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.（2004江苏）江苏） A. Which B. When C. What D. As 5 _ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A. When B. After C. As D. SinceAsisknown,reported
18、,announced,mentioned,explained,said,oftenthecase,etc. 当当as作主语时，后面常接下列句型：作主语时，后面常接下列句型： 1ashasbeensaidbefore 如上所述如上所述2asmaybeimagined正如可以想象出来的那样正如可以想象出来的那样3asiswellknown众所周知众所周知4aswasexpected正如预料的那样正如预料的那样5ashasbeenalreadypointedout正如已经指出的那样正如已经指出的那样6asweallcansee正如我们都能看到的正如我们都能看到的Anyone_breaksthelaw
19、ispunished.Those_breakthelawarepunished.He_breaksthelawispunished.在在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行词作先行词时时, 用用”who” 代替代替 “that”.考点五考点五: that 与与who的区别的区别whowhowho 考点六考点六:如何判断用如何判断用关系副词关系副词还是还是关系代词关系代词?选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：1.先行词先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分关系词在从句中充当的成分。做主语，宾语，定语用做主语，宾语，定语用做状语用做状语
20、用关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词Iwillneverforgettheday_Ifirstwenttoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday_wespentinBeijing.Thehouse_wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Thehouse_Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.when(which/that)(which/that)where 考点七考点七:定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中主谓一致问题 定语从句中的定语从句中的动词动词在在人称和数人称和数方面应该与它的方面应该与它的先行词先行词保持一致。保持一致。1.
21、I am not one who _afraid of difficulty2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job isam3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing 考点八考点八:the way 做先行
22、词做先行词 1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/in which/that/which/缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语考点九考点九:是是which/that/还是还是theone/theones a. Is this the factory_ we visited last year? b. Is this the house _Lincoln once lived? c. Is t
23、his house _ we visited last year?(which/that)where分析分析:看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成分；看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成分；若是作若是作状语状语, 就用就用where, when, why等等关系副词关系副词；若是作若是作主语主语、宾语或定语宾语或定语，则用，则用关系代词关系代词that, which, whom, whose等。等。the one1) He still lives in the house _he was born.2) Is this house _ he visited last year?3) Is this hou
24、se _ he was born?4) Is it in this house _ he was born? wherethe one wherethat1. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北）湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which高考题链接：高考题链接：1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we
25、 spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhich/thatwhere/ at whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况对比几种易混的情况对比及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词对比一对比一:关系代
26、词还是关系副词关系代词还是关系副词不及物不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词非限制性定语从句和单句的比较非限制性定语从句和单句的比较1.He failed in the exam. _ made his parents angry.2.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.4.He has two sons.Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem that对比二：对比二：1). a. I saw some t
27、rees, and the leaves of _ were black with disease. b. I saw some trees, the leaves of _ were black with disease. 2). a. The professor is a little man, on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses b. The professor is a little man, and on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses解题点拨解题点拨 :是否有是否有连词连词是区分定语从
28、句和并列句的关键。是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim 定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句as 引导的非限制性定语从句（）引导的非限制性定语从句（）The earth is round. _is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Ithisas AsIt注意：注意：定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用 as,对比三：对比三：as 引导的限制性
29、定语从句引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本
30、书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)对比四对比四：like无宾语无宾语like有宾语有宾语对比五：其他句型其他句型A 1. It was seven o clock _ we got home. 2. .It was at seven o clock_ we got homeB 1. It was the store_ I bought the gift. 2. It was in the store_ I bought the gift.whenthatwherethatC 1.The news _ he told me
31、 was very surprising. 2. The news_ she married an old man was very surprising.D 1. Please make a mark_ you have a question. 2. Please make a mark at the place_ you have a question.that/whichthatwherewhere 1. We should go to the place_ we are most needed.2. We should go to the place_ needs us most. A
32、. it B. where C. that D. whatBC对比训练对比训练 1. It was October_we met in Damiao for the first time. 2. It was in October_we met in Damiao for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. whileCA对比训练对比训练 1. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. 2. He is such a good teacher_ we all like. A. whom B. th
33、at C. as D. whichBC The news came_1_ the British Queens mother celebrated her 101th birthday in good health, _2_ isnt surprising, because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care. A. that; which B. which; which C. that; that D. when; as 难点难点归纳归纳难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的wh
34、ere难点三难点三: 综合考查综合考查1.定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句2.定语从句与定语从句与名词性名词性从句从句3.定语从句与定语从句与地点状语地点状语从句从句3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.4. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. Aswhich难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2. It is such a big stone _ nobody c
35、an lift it.asthat归纳归纳：as引导引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句先行词前常被先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成修饰，即构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结构，做题时容易忽略。结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as 与与which引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句都能指代整句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于内容，但定语从句位于句首句首时，只能用时，只能用 as, 意为意为“正如、恰如正如、恰如”。难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法做
36、题技巧做题技巧?当主句中出现当主句中出现such 或或so 时时,看后面从句是否看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语:(1)缺缺主语或宾语主语或宾语,从句前用从句前用as(2)不缺不缺主语和宾语主语和宾语,从句前用从句前用that当主句中出现当主句中出现the same时时, 后面从句缺主语后面从句缺主语或宾语时与或宾语时与as搭配表搭配表同一类同一类事物事物,与与that搭配搭配表表同一个同一个事物事物模拟训练模拟训练 ：1. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; /
37、D. whom; him2. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了
38、无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的where解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和和case等表示抽象意义的词，等表示抽象意义的词，常用常用where 引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在到了某种地步，在某种境况中某种境况中” 。1.We are tryi
39、ng to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东）山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . （06江西）江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /高考题链接：高考题链接：3.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer_shenee
40、dedtodecidedwhattodo.（2007江西）江西）A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Today,welldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtiusethelanguageproperly.(2007陕西陕西)A.whichB.asC.whyD.where 高考题链接：高考题链接：注意：做题要灵活，要分析句子成分，选择注意：做题要灵活，要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。恰当的关系词。 难点三难点三.综合考查综合考查近年来，高考对近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句定语从句和其它从句如：强调句如：强调句、名词性从
41、句和状语从句等的名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的的基础知识基础知识和较强的和较强的综合分析能力综合分析能力。友情提示友情提示 wherethat1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型综合考查一综合考查一：定语从句与强调句：定语从句与强调句3. -Where did you know her? -It was on the hotel_ we
42、worked.(2007山东）山东） A. that B. which C. where D. when定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句 1) a. It is in this room _I lived last year. b. It is the room _I lived last year. 2) a. It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning. b. It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning. 分析：分析：强调句型：强调句型：Itis/was+ +被强调
43、的成份被强调的成份+ +that/who+ +其它部分其它部分; ; 去掉去掉 It is/was.that/who ,句子照样成立句子照样成立; ;而定语从句而定语从句的的引导词在句中要作成份引导词在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen综合考查二：综合考查二：定语从句与名词性从句定语从句与名词性从句 1) a. He did all (that) he could to help me . 2) a. All that can be done has been done. 3) a. _is known to us all, the earth turns round the s
44、un. b. It is known to us all _Taiwan belongs to China. c. _is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than the sun. b. He did what he could to help me.b. What can be done has been done.AsthatWhat定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句1. We all have heard the news_ our team won. 2. We dont believe in the news _ he
45、 told us yesterday.that that/which/分析：分析：Our team won.不缺成分，不缺成分，故为同位语从句故为同位语从句分析：分析：tell sb.sth. 说明说明told缺少直接宾语，缺少直接宾语， 故为故为 定语从句。定语从句。 定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句 1. a. The news _our volleyball team won the match made us excited.b. The news _he told me yesterday is exciting. 2. a. I made a promise _ if an
46、yone set me free, I would make him very rich. b. The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children. that(that/which)that/whichthat 综合考查综合考查三三：定语从句与：定语从句与状语状语从句从句 1). a. This is such a big stone _no one can lift it. b. This is such a big stone _no one can lift. 2). a. Please put the letter in the
47、drawer _ _he can easily find it. b. Please put the letter_he can easily find it.分析：分析：(1) 状语从句中状语从句中的的thatthat 是连词，在从句中不充当是连词，在从句中不充当任任 何成分，而何成分，而定语从句中定语从句中的的asas在从句中要作一个成分在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。（主语，宾语或表语）。 (2)in which/where引导的是定语从句修饰引导的是定语从句修饰名词名词drawerdrawer,而而where引导的是地点状语修饰引导的是地点状语修饰动词动词putput。tha
48、tas/in whichwherewhere是是定语从句定语从句还是地点状语还是地点状语从句从句？1.She found her calculator _ she lost it. (2000上海上海)A.where B. when C. in which D. whatB.2. The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. C. (2002上海春招上海春招) A.when B. whenever C. where D. wherever 3. Dont leave the sharp k
49、nife _ our little Jane can get it. A. in which B. to which C. that D. where 看看定语从句改错怎么考？看看定语从句改错怎么考？1.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from. 2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.3. There are ten students are playing basketball on the playground.thatwho/thatas
50、1）错用、多用或漏用引导词；）错用、多用或漏用引导词；8. Hangzhou, where we spent last spring there, is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 10.He is just the man whom I often turn for help.2）定）定语从句中的被替从句中的被替换成份没有去掉。成份没有去掉。to3）定）定语从句中介从句中介词的的错用或漏用。用或漏用。12. She is the only one of the girls in our class who have been to t
51、he United States. 4).定定语从句中的从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上在人称和数上 应与先行与先行词一致一致hasCorrect the sentences:1.Imusingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.Isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin?3.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.4.July1,1999isthedaywhenwellneverforget._(去掉去掉)which_tothe oneCorrect the sentences:5.Istillremember
52、theholidaysIstayedwiththem.6.Imgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.7.ThosethathaventbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate.8.Idontlikethewaywhichyoutalkedtoyourfriend.inwhen_who_(that/which)Correct the sentences:9.ThisisthelasttimewhenIvegivenyoulessons.10.Soontheycametoafarmhouse,andinfrontofw
53、hichsatasmallboy.11.Weheardthenewswhichourteamwonthegame.12.Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable._ that_ that _whyit_Correct the sentences:13.Thoseatthedeskwanttobuyticketswritedownyournames.14.Thatwasthereasonbecauseshelookedold.15.MissChenistheonlyoneofthefewteacherswhogiveuswonderfulEnglis
54、hlessonsinourschool.16.Taiwan,thatweknow,belongstoChina.aswho_giveswhyCorrect the sentences:17.Itistheoneofthebestfilmsthathavebeenshownrecently.18.ThethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitisHangzhou.19.Whichisknowntoall,manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky.20.Thestudentsandthingswhichyouspokeofareknowntou
55、s.that_hasAsthat_Correct the sentences:21.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.22.ThestudentwhosbookIhadborroweddidntcometoschooltoday.23.Whoistheworkerwhotooksomepicturesofthefactory.24.ThebikebywhichItravelledwashis.as_whose_that_on_ 定语从句几种句型归纳：定语从句几种句型归纳：1.This is the most exciting fo
56、otball match that I have ever seen. 2.I dont like the way in which/that/不填不填 you laughed at others. 3.It is the third time that you have been late this week. It is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.4.The reason why/that he didnt attend the meeting was that his mother was seriously ill.5.
57、The reason for his failure is that he didnt work hard.总结解题思路:1.1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。2.2.题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。述句式。3.3.分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主或宾语，用关缺什么，就补什么：缺主或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词系代词；缺状语，用关系副词4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词词and,but等。等。结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！74
