《糖尿病全英文课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《糖尿病全英文课件.ppt（23页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 DIABETESDIABETESInsulin: The Key to Turning Food into Energy 、 、Definition and Types、 、Signs and symptoms、 、Diagnosis and TreatmentDefinitionn nType 1 diabetesn nType 2 diabetesn nGestational diabetesn nOther typesTypes、 、Definition and Types、 、Signs and symptoms、 、Diagnosis and TreatmentRisk facto
2、rs for developing diabetes n nbeingage45oroverbeingage45orovern nbeingoverweightbeingoverweightn nbeingamemberofahigh-riskgroupbeingamemberofahigh-riskgroupn nhavingcloserelativeswithdiabeteshavingcloserelativeswithdiabetesn nhavinggivenbirthtoababythatweighedhavinggivenbirthtoababythatweighedover4k
3、gbirth,orhavehadgestationalover4kgbirth,orhavehadgestationaldiabetesdiabetesn nhavinghighcholesterolorotherfatsinthehavinghighcholesterolorotherfatsinthebloodbloodn nhavinghypertensionorheartdiseasehavinghypertensionorheartdisease、Signs and symptomsSigns and symptomsAbsenceAbsenceofofinsulininsulinH
4、ighHighPlsamaPlsamaglucoseglucoseProteinProteincatabolismcatabolismLipolysisLipolysisincreaseincreasePolydipsiaPolydipsiaPolyuriaPolyuriapolyphgiapolyphgiaketonemiaketonemiaosmoticdiuresisWeightWeightlosslossFFAFFAAugmentAugment、Signs and symptomsSigns and symptomsAbout type1 diabetesn nautoimmune d
5、isease n npresence of antibodies n nconnected with viruses and environmental toxins n nabsence of insulinn n life depends on insulin.n nLADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults )、Signs and symptomsSigns and symptomsnninsufficientinsufficient insulininsulinnnInsulinresistance/Insulinresistance/hype
6、rinsulinemiahyperinsulinemiannXSyndromeXSyndrome 、Signs and symptomsSigns and symptomsuuinsulinresistanceuuhyperlipidimiauuhypertensionuuobesity(applefigure)uucoronaryheartdiseaseAbout Type 2 diabetesAbout Type 2 diabetes nninsufficientinsufficient insulininsulinnnInsulinresistance/Insulinresistance
7、/hyperinsulinemiahyperinsulinemiannXSyndromeXSyndrome 、Signs and symptomsSigns and symptomsAbout Type 2 diabetesAbout Type 2 diabetes nnWesternlifestyleWesternlifestylen nUseofalcoholUseofalcoholn nSmokingSmokingn nSedentarywaysSedentarywaysn nGainingmorethannormalweightGainingmorethannormalweightn
8、nEatingfewerthanthreemealsadayEatingfewerthanthreemealsadayn nAdiethighinfatAdiethighinfatDifferences between type1 and type2featurefeature Type 1Type 1Type 2Type 2InsulinInsulinproductionproductionabsentabsentnormalorabnormalnormalorabnormalAgeatonsetAgeatonsetusuallybefore40usuallybefore40ifafter4
9、0usuallyslowifafter40usuallyslowonsetonsetusuallyafter40,usuallyafter40,althoughincreasinginalthoughincreasinginyoungerpeopleyoungerpeoplePhysicalPhysicalappearanceappearanceoftenthinoftenthinoftenoverweight,oftenoverweight,especiallyapplefigureespeciallyapplefigureSymptomsSymptomssuddensuddenonset:
10、greateronset:greater thirst,urinationthirst,urination,hunger,hunger,weightloss,blurredweightloss,blurredvision,infectionsvision,infectionsgradual,subtleonsetgradual,subtleonsetofsimilarsymptomsofsimilarsymptomsTreatmentTreatmentinsulin,diet,exerciseinsulin,diet,exercisediet,exercise,diet,exercise,or
11、alagentsand/ororalagentsand/orinsulininsulin DiabetesDiabetescomplicationscomplicationsAcuteAcutedecompensationdecompensationchronic chronic complicationscomplicationsMacrovasculardiseasenerve damage microvasculardiseasefootdiseaseketoacidosisketoacidosisHyperosmolarHyperosmolarcomacomainfectioninfe
12、ctionnephropathynephropathyretinopathyretinopathyneuropathyMotorMotorneuropathyneuropathy SensorySensoryneuropathyneuropathy BladderBladder neuropathy neuropathy Autonomic Autonomic neuropathyneuropathy Diarrhea orDiarrhea or Constipation Constipation GastroparesisGastroparesis tachycardiatachycardi
13、aPosturalPosturalhypotensionhypotension ImpotenceImpotence 、 、Definition and Types、 、Signs and symptoms、 、Diagnosis and TreatmentTime of CheckTime of Check Plasma blood glucosePlasma blood glucoseRange (Range (mmol/lmmol/l) )diagnosediagnoseradomradom11.1 accompanied 11.1 accompanied with symptoms w
14、ith symptoms diabetesdiabetesFasting Fasting 7.0 7.0DiabetesDiabetes6.1 6.1 andand7.07.0IFGIFG6.06.0normalnormaloral glucose oral glucose tolerance test tolerance test 11.111.1DiabetesDiabetes 7.8 7.8 and and 11.111.1IGTIGT7.87.8normalnormalDiabetestreatedEducationMealplanningExerciseMedicationSulfo
15、nylureasAlpha-Glucosidase InhibitorsBiguanides Thiazolidinediones n nSulfonylureasn ntolbutamiden nglipiziden ngliquidonen ngliclaziden nglibenclamiden nGlimepiridestimulatingthepancreasproducemoreinsulinSulfonylureasn nBiguanideshutingofftheliversexcessglucoseproduction,possiblycontributingtominorw
16、eightlossn nMetforminSulfonylureasn nAlpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors delayingtheabsorptionofcarbohydrateinthesmallintestinen nAcarbosen nBiguanideincreasingthebodyssensitivitytoinsulinn nrosiglitazonerosiglitazone n ntroglitazonetroglitazonen nThiazolidinedionesSulfonylureasn nBiguanidesn nAlpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
