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1、新概念英语青少版4AUnit10ListeningandUnderstandingWehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.ListeningandUnderstandingRecentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetr
2、iedtoplayJazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.ListeningandUnderstandingMyfatherwasshocked.ListeningandUnderstandingNowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfathers.WordsandExpressionsmusicalinstrument乐器Makesureyoutaketimeforreadingorlearningtoplayamusicalinst
3、rumentorjusthangingoutwithfriendsandfamily.一定要留出读书或学习演奏一种乐器的时间，或者腾出时间与朋友和家人一起休闲游乐。WordsandExpressionsclavichordn.古钢琴，翼琴Itiscalledaclavichord.它被称作古钢琴。WordsandExpressionsbelongto属于Theybelongtosomeone.他们肯定属于某人。WordsandExpressionsdamagen.损害；损毁；赔偿金vi.损害；损毁vt.损害，毁坏Hesuedthemfordamage.他要求他们赔偿损失。WordsandExp
4、ressionsjazzn.爵士乐，爵士舞；喧闹Doyoulikejazz?你喜欢爵士乐吗？WordsandExpressionsstringn.线，弦，细绳；一串，一行Hepulledtoohardandthestringbroke.他拖得太用力，绳子断了。WordsandExpressionsshockn.休克；震惊；震动；打击；vt.使休克；使震惊；使震动；使受电击；vi.感到震惊；受到震动；堆成禾束堆Theshockwassogreatthatsheblackedout.打击如此之大以至使她暂时失去了记忆。WordsandExpressionsbeallowedtodo被允被允许做什么
5、做什么Itmustnotbeallowedtodothatthistime.这一次绝对不允许此类事情再次发生。GuidedConversation1部分1.Aclavichord.2.InGermany.3.In1681.4.Alongtime.5.Mygrandfatherdid.6.Manyyearsago.7.Avisitordid.8.Playjazzonit.9.Veryhard.10.Two.11.Myfatherwas.12.Touchit.PatternPractice句型1WhowastheMRIscannerinventedby?注意介词by的位置。Ithinkitwasi
6、nventedbyanEnglishman.此句中，需要用by指明动作的执行者。句型2Itwasbuiltin1937.这里练习的还是一般过去时的被动语态。如该句所示，执行者位置的情况下通常用被动语态。PatternPractice句型3Itsbeingpaintednow.这是现在进行时的被动语态。这里，我们不关心动作的执行者，而将所有的注意力集中在动作(pained)上。句型4Itwaspainedtwoyearsago.这里练习的是有确切时间指示的一般过去时被动语态。KeyStructuresa在主动语态中，关注的焦点常常是执行动作的人、动物或物体；而在被动语态中，关注的往往是发生的事。
7、例如：Prisonersofwarbuiltthisbridgein1942.(人)Thebridgewasbuiltin1942.(事)KeyStructuresb注意以下时态中被动语态的形式：现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词例如：Anewroadisbeingbuiltoutsidemyhouse.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词例如：Ourpapersaredeliveredeverymorning.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词例如：Aletterwasdeliveredthismorning.KeyStructuresc当动作的执行者显而易见时，b
8、y+执行者通常备省略，如：Thethiefwasarrested.这里显然是thepoliceman。如果执行者是其他人或具体的某个警察，则要加上具体执行者，例如：Thethiefwasarrestedbyaveryyoungpoliceman.而有些句子则需要加上执行者或其他短语，来使其意思表达完整，例如：Thismusicwascomposedin1816.Exercises完成A部分(口语回答)1.Ouroldmusicalinstrumentiscalledaclavichord.2.ItismadeinGermany.3.Itiskeptinthelivingroom.4.Itwas
9、boughtmanyyearsago.5.Itwasdamagedrecently.6.Twoofthestringswerebroken.7.Myfatherwasshocked.8.Wearentallowedtotouchit.9.Theclavichordisbeingrepaired.SpecialDifficulties对比madein(地点)madeof(可辨认的材料)madefrom(无法辨认的原料)ExerciseofinfromSpecialDifficulties所有格，例如：afriendofmyfathers,abookofhis。另外一种意思相近的表达方式是oneo
10、f+复数名词，即：oneofmyfathersfriends,oneofhisbooksReading1.InApril,1509.2.18yearsold.3.Francehadagreatmany.Englandhadfive.4.Invasion.Henryturnedtonewtechnology.5.MaryRose.6.Becauseshewasafastship,muchfasterthananyothersailingshipofthesamesizeatthattime.Reading7.Shecouldcarryheavyguns.8.Forthenexttwentyyears.9.On10August,1512.10.Thirty-two.11.Bythemiddleof1514.12.Yes,theydid.13.Newtechnology.谢谢！
