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1、第二部分第二部分 重要语法重要语法形形容容词词和和副副词词的的比比较较等等级级，至至今今仍仍只只考考查查了了比比较较级级，是是语语法法填填空空的的一一个个常常考考点点。句句法法作作用用，我我们们将将归归为为“词词类类转转换换”一一节节中，中，这这里就不重复了。里就不重复了。形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级u请请做下列高考真做下列高考真题题。1. (2012) If he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _(ha
2、rd) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class.思思路路点点拨拨：harder 作作宾宾补补依依然然是是要要用用形形容容词词hard (困困难难的的)，所所以以不不作作词词类类转转换换，可可考考虑虑比比较较级级；句句中中a little修修饰饰比比较较级级harder，表表示示“(比比坐在前面关注他坐在前面关注他)更更难难一点一点”。真真题题再再练练2. (2011) One Sunday morning in August I went
3、to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment_ (late) that day.思思路路点点拨拨：later 指指“那那天天(比比离离开开那那个个地地方方音音乐乐节节那个那个时时候候)更晚一点更晚一点”。3. (2010) “The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ (sweet).”思思路路点点拨拨：sweeter 这这是是否否定定词词nothing与与比比较较级级
4、连连用用表表示示最最高高级级的的概概念念，故故填填sweeter。句句意意是是：“没没有有什什么么东东西西比比这这个个更更甜甜了了”，也也就就是是说说“这这是世界上最甜的水是世界上最甜的水”。4. (2008) One day, he came up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired from doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the
5、crop did “grow” _(high).思思路路点点拨拨：higher 指指比比他他pluck up a few inches之之前前的的确确“长长”得得“更更高高”了了，是是省省略略了了than before的的隐隐性比性比较级较级。年份年份答案答案具体考点具体考点题题数数201302012harder形容形容词词比比较级较级12011later副副词词比比较级较级12010sweet形容形容词词比比较级较级1200902008higher副副词词比比较级较级120070考情分析考情分析七七年年考考了了4次次，其其中中两两次次是是形形容容词词的的比比较较级级，两两次次是是副副词词的的
6、比比较较级级。当当年年是是否否考考查查比比较较级级，可可能能与与所所选选语语篇篇有有关关，语语篇篇中中有有就就考考，没没有有就就不不考考。至至今今也也没没有有考考查查最最高高级级，但但并并不不代代表表以以后后也也不不考考，也也可可能能是是与与所所选选语语篇篇有有关关。试试题题的的特特点点：都都没没有有than，都是，都是隐隐性比性比较级较级。当当括括号号中中所所给给词词是是形形容容词词或或副副词词，而而空空格格处处需需要要的的仍仍是是形形容容词词或或副副词词时时，即即词词性性不不需需要要变变化化时时，要要根根据据语语境境，理理解解句句意意，若若该该词词意意思思不不变变，逻逻辑辑上上讲讲得得通通
7、，就就很很可可能能填填该该词词的的比比较较级级或或最最高高级级了。了。另外，解另外，解题时题时需注意以下几点：需注意以下几点：1.根根据据比比较较等等级级的的句句式式判判断断，如如后后面面有有than就就用用比比较较，有有in /of等等表表示示比比较较范范围围的的，就就用用最最高高级级。2.善善于于根根据据语语境境来来判判断断省省略略了了“than+比比较较对对象象”的的隐隐性比性比较级较级。解解题题技巧技巧3.比比较较级级前前可可用用a bit, a little, some, any表表示示“稍稍稍稍，一一点点”；用用much, far, a great/good deal, a lot
8、等等表表示示“得得多多”；用用still(只只用用于于肯肯定定句句), even, yet等等表表示示“更更加加”等等，若若空空格格前前有有这这些些词词，就有可能是填比就有可能是填比较级较级了。了。4.最最高高级级前前可可用用the second, the very, much the, (by) far the, not quite the, nearly the, almost the等等修修饰饰，若若空空格格前前有有这这些些词词，有有可可能能填填最最高高级级。此此外外，考考查查比比较较等等级级的的命命题题形形式式一一般般是是“用用所所给给词词语语的的正正确确形形式式填填空空”；若若是是需
9、需要要填填more, most或或fewer, less, least时时，可可能能也会不也会不给给出原出原级级。谈谈到到比比较较级级，我我们们首首先先得得掌掌握握形形容容词词和和副副词词比比较较等等级级的的变变化化规则规则。1.一一般般在在词词尾尾直直接接加加 er或或 est。如如：longlongerlongest。2.以以不不发发音音的的字字母母e结结尾尾的的，只只加加r或或 st。如：如：nicenicernicest。3.以以“辅辅音音字字母母+y”结结尾尾的的，把把y变变为为i，再再加加 er或或 est。如：。如：heavyheavierheaviest。考点考点归纳归纳4.以
10、以“一一个个元元音音字字母母+一一个个辅辅音音字字母母”结结尾尾的的重重读读音音节节，双双写写末末尾尾这这个个辅辅音音字字母母，再再加加er或或est。如：。如：bigbiggerbiggest。5.部部分分双双音音节节词词和和多多音音节节词词分分别别在在原原级级前前加加more构构成成比比较较级级，加加most构构成成最最高高级级。如如：slowlymore slowlymost slowly；beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful。6.不不规规则则变变化化的的，也也需需牢牢记记。如如many /muchmoremost, little lessleast
11、, good /wellbetterbest, bad /badlyworseworst等。等。然然后后，需需要要掌掌握握形形容容词词和和副副词词的的比比较较等等级级的常用句型。的常用句型。1.表示相等：表示相等：as + 原原级级+asJohn is nearly as tall as his father now.约约翰翰差不多和他爸一差不多和他爸一样样高了。高了。2.表示不如：表示不如：not as / so +原原级级+asIm not so lucky as others. 我我不不像像别别人人那那么么幸运。幸运。3.表示超出：比表示超出：比较级较级+thanMy sister is
12、 two years younger than me. 我我妹妹比我小两妹妹比我小两岁岁。4.表表示示“最最”：the+最最高高级级+ of / in短短语语或或定定语语从句从句(表范表范围围)She is the best player in the team. 她她是是队队里里最最优优秀的运秀的运动员动员。Of all the boys, Simon is the cleverest. 在在所所有男孩中西蒙最有男孩中西蒙最聪聪明。明。It was the most boring film Ive ever seen. 这这是我看是我看过过的最乏味的影片。的最乏味的影片。注注：除除了了 “t
13、he +最最高高级级”外外，最最高高级级还还有有其其他的表达方式。如：他的表达方式。如：(1)否定否定词词never等与比等与比较级连较级连用。用。How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.她她唱唱得得多多好好听听呀呀！我我从从没没听听过过比比这这更好的声音。更好的声音。(2)比比较级较级+than any other+名名词单词单数。数。He is taller than any other student in his class.他比班上任何一个学生都高。他比班上任何一个学生都高。(3)比比较级较级+than
14、 any of the other+名名词词复数复数.He is taller than any of the other students in his class.(4)比比较级较级+than anyone else。He is taller than anyone else in his class.5.表表示示“越越越越”：the+比比较较级级，the+比比较级较级The harder you work, the better result you will get.你你学学习习越越努努力力，成成绩绩就就会会越越好好。(=If you work harder, you)6.表示表示“越
15、来越越来越”：比：比较级较级+and+比比较级较级Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 我我们们国家越来越国家越来越强强大了。大了。Computers are becoming more and more important in our life. 电电脑脑在在我我们们生生活活中中越越来来越越重要了。重要了。7.表表 示示 “与与 其其 不不 如如 ”：morethanHe is more lucky than clever. 与与其其说说他他聪聪明，不如明，不如说说他幸运。他幸运。8.the+比比较较级级，特特指指两两个个人人或或者者两
16、两个个事事物物中中较为较为突出的一个。突出的一个。If the manager had to choose one of the two, he would say Tim was the better choice.如如果果说说经经理理一一定定得得从从这这两两个个人人中中选选择择一一个个，他他会会说说Tim是是更好的更好的选择选择。9.倍数的表达法：倍数的表达法：(1) A + be +倍数倍数 as +计计量形容量形容词词原原级级+as BThis road is three times as wide as that one. 这这条公路是那条公路的三倍条公路是那条公路的三倍宽宽。(2)
17、 A +be+倍数倍数+形容形容词词比比较级较级+than BThe car is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这辆车这辆车比那比那辆辆汽汽车车恰好恰好贵贵五倍。五倍。(3) A +be+倍数倍数+the+计计量名量名词词+of BThe new library is four times the size of the previous one.新的新的图书馆图书馆是以前的四倍大。是以前的四倍大。(4) The+计计量名量名词词+of A +be+倍数倍数+that of BThe size of the new squar
18、e is four times that of the previous one.新广新广场为场为以前的四倍大。以前的四倍大。u一一、单单句句填填空空 在在空空格格处处填填入入一一个个适适当当的的词词或或用用所所给词语给词语的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。1. (2014茂茂名名二二模模)I started to follow it again with a_ (light) spirit than I had before.lighter 由后面的由后面的than可知，填比可知，填比较级较级。实战实战演演练练2. (2014江江门门一一模模) Martha Berry was born in
19、 1866._(luck) than most Georgian mountain children, she received education.Luckier 其后有其后有than，故用比，故用比较级较级。3. (2014揭揭阳阳一一模模)I advise you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someones day a little _ (bright).brighter 由前面的由前面的a little可知用比可知用比较级较级。意。意为为：我：我劝劝大家从自己舒适地大家从自己舒适地带带走出
20、一小步，走出一小步，试试着使某人的一天更亮堂一点。着使某人的一天更亮堂一点。4. (2013天天津津)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are_ meaningful things to do.more 句句意意应应是是“我我认认为为每每晚晚都都看看电电视视是是浪浪费费时时间间，有有许许多多更更有有意意义义的的事事可可做做”， 可可知知这这里里是是meaningful的比的比较级较级，在前面填，在前面填more。5. (2013辽辽宁宁)This is by far_ (inspiring) movie that
21、 I have ever seen.the most inspiring 由由by far和和that I have ever seen这这些些标标志志词词可知，要用最高可知，要用最高级级。6. (2013广广州州二二模模)I later learned that the man made his living this way: tricking tourists. This was the _ (bad) thing I ever experienced in “Interesting India”. worst 由由 表表 示示 范范 围围 的的 定定 语语 从从 句句 I ever e
22、xperienced in “Interesting India”可可知知，用用最最高高级级，另外，另外，the也有提醒作用。也有提醒作用。7. (2012广广州州二二模模)The conclusion are contained in the agencys _ (late) report. This report points to a lack of opportunities for girls and women in education and work, latest 指指在在这这个个机机构构的的“最最新新的的，最最近近的的”报报告告中。中。8. (2009广广州州二二模模)Fi
23、ne snow covered the yard, dusted the top of my truck and whitened the road. But that wasnt the _ (bad) part.worst 指指上上句句描描述述的的情情况况不不是是“最最糟糟糕糕”的的事事，另外，也可从另外，也可从the得到启示。得到启示。9. (2007广广州州一一模模) One of the_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.worst 由由表表示示范范围围的的定
24、定语语从从句句I ever made可知，另外前面也有可知，另外前面也有the，要用最高，要用最高级级。10. (2013佛佛山山一一模模)The _ (busy) time is around Spring Festival, because many people go back to their hometowns for family reunions or go traveling.busiest 指指“一一年年最最忙忙的的时时候候是是春春节节期期间间”，the也有提醒作用。也有提醒作用。11. (2013汕汕头头一一模模)I found it hard to hear her co
25、mmentary(评评论论) as she seemed to be talking to only the three or four people _ (close) to her. closer 表表示示“她她似似乎乎只只跟跟几几个个和和她她靠靠得得更更近近的的人人说话说话”。12. (2013茂茂名名二二模模)The other day my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria and I saw her walking around. When she came _ (close) to us I could see that she
26、 was crying. closer 意意为为“当当她她向向我我们们走走得得更更近近时时，我我可可以以看看到她在哭到她在哭”。13. You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit _ (slowly)?more slowly 现现在在太太快快，问问对对方方能能否否比比现现在在更更慢慢一一点点，用用比比较较级级；由由形形容容词词加加ly变变成成的的副副词词的的比比较较级级，要要在在前前面面加加more构构成成比比较较级级。常常修修饰饰比比较级较级的的a bit也提醒我也提醒我们们用比用比较级较级。14. Those who have_ (much)
27、 money than sense may sometimes act foolishly. more 由关由关键词键词than可知用比可知用比较级较级。15. Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as _ (large) as that of theirs.large 在在asas结结构之构之间间，用原，用原级级。16. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _(early). earlier 与与
28、现现在在这组这组学生相比学生相比“更早的更早的”。17. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _ (good) if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.better 将将“放放入入冰冰箱箱中中冷冷冻冻”与与“不不放放入入冰冰箱中冷箱中冷冻冻”作比作比较较，故用比，故用比较级较级。18. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _ (well-know) o
29、ne. best-known 因因为为是是从从他他所所写写的的所所有有歌歌中中选选出一首来比出一首来比较较，故用最高，故用最高级级。19. Of the two coats, Id choose the _ (cheap) one to spare some money for a book.cheaper 因是两者比因是两者比较较，故用比，故用比较级较级。20. Work gets done _ (easily) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.more easily 从从and the rewards a
30、re higher too(得得到到的的回回报报“也也更更高高”)得得到到启启示示，要要用用比比较较级级，省略了省略了than when people dont do it together。21. This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _ (little) water and electricity than _ (old) models.less; older 由由“environmentally friendly(有有利利于于保保护护环环境境的的)”可可知知，这这种种洗洗衣衣机机比比“旧旧式式的的
31、”洗洗衣衣机用机用“更少的更少的”水和水和电电。22. I dont think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen_ (bad).worse 意意思思是是“我我看看过过(比比这这部部)更更差差的的电电影影”。u二、二、语语篇填空篇填空 I dont think it 1. _(difficulty) to learn English well, because as long as you work hard, you can learn it well. I believe that the 2. _ (hard) you wo
32、rk at your study, the better you can learn it. For example, Li Ping, a friend of 3. _, is the 4._ hardworking student in our class, and he gets 5. _ (high) marks than any other students in our class in every English test. difficult harder mine mosthigher6. _(lead) by him, all the students in our cla
33、ss are studying English 7. _(越越来来越越努努力力). As a result, in the latest English test, our class was the 8. _(good) of the two key classes in our school, and the number of students who got excellent marks is 9. _ _ (两两倍倍大大) that of the other. Therefore,10. _ of us should study hard no matter what we lea
34、rn.Led harder and harderbetterlarge as /twice larger thanalltwice as 本文本文论论述了只要努力学述了只要努力学习习就能学好的就能学好的观观点。点。1. difficult。 作作宾补宾补要用形容要用形容词词。2. harder。 是是“the+比比较较级级，the+比比较较级级”句句型型，表示表示“越越就越就越”。3. mine。 指指my friends。4. most。 因因有有in our class表表示示范范围围，要要用用最最高高级级。5. higher。 由由than可可知知要要用用比比较较级级，本本句句是是用用比比较级较级表示最高表示最高级级的句型。的句型。6. Led。因因“在在他他的的带带领领下下”，用用-ed形形式式作作状状语语，表示原因。表示原因。7. harder and harder。表表示示“越越来来越越”，用用“比比较较级级+比比较级较级”表示。表示。8. better。表表示示“两两者者中中较较的的那那一一个个”，用用 the +比比较级较级+of the two。9. twice as large as /twice larger than。倍倍数数表表达达法。法。10. all。指指“我我们们所有的人所有的人”都都应应努力学努力学习习。
