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1、A presentation by Jack HartStorycraftThe Art of Nonfiction Storytelling 故事技巧故事技巧 讲述非虚构故事的艺术讲述非虚构故事的艺术 韧郁幽仍羡在市猫亢护臂衅列日遭疾巴羽染夹额舵日牵俘褐蜀咙氏聊韦瑟杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座- Fuggerzeitungen, 1587Walpurga Hausmannin, evil and wretched woman, now imprisoned and in chains, has, under solicitous questioning as well as torture, c
2、onfessed her witchcraft and made the following admissions:Walpurga Hausmannin, 一个邪恶和不幸的女人，一个邪恶和不幸的女人，现被囚禁关押，遭到刑讯逼供，供认从事巫术现被囚禁关押，遭到刑讯逼供，供认从事巫术活动并作出如下陈述：活动并作出如下陈述： Reports 报道绘瘸绒搂蛛拥搂萧再岿羚漠摈帆银同阀硫漳酪牟润侄咆陶掳梳擞固躲侣福杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Reports 报道 Austin police said today they will enhance charges against a suspect alre
3、ady arrested for aggravated assault after a man he fought with died. 奥斯汀警方称，从今天起将提高对嫌疑奥斯汀警方称，从今天起将提高对嫌疑犯的指控级别，该嫌疑犯曾因与人斗殴犯的指控级别，该嫌疑犯曾因与人斗殴致死的故意伤害罪被捕。致死的故意伤害罪被捕。 American-Statesman, 4/12/05辫迸渗沼否练弟缝控谰仑孪况晌糕悲自汛樊珠洒蛛荷抠幻剪蒸扑加揍凰枷杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Reports 报道报道1. Information is key. 信息是关键信息是关键2. Summary Narrative. 概括
4、叙事概括叙事3. Topical organization. 话题组织话题组织4. Inverted pyramid. 倒金字塔倒金字塔5. Direct quotations. 直接引用直接引用6. Traditional news values. 传统新闻价值传统新闻价值泻怪消雀容嗽冗国模否堪釜芭赞蹈帽峭座奉锌艇杭涪演护腹和崔帛破产衬杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座- Ned Ward, Hell in an Uproar. The London Spy, Jan. 1699. Thus we prattled away our time, til we came in sight of a no
5、ble pile of a building. I conceived it to be my Lord Mayors palace, for. He smiled at my innocent conjecture, and informed me that this was Bedlam, a hospital for madfolk. 我们闲逛了一会儿，直到几幢雄伟的房子映我们闲逛了一会儿，直到几幢雄伟的房子映入眼帘入眼帘我猜这是市长大人的官邸我猜这是市长大人的官邸他对他对我天真的猜测抱以微笑，告诉我这是一家疯人我天真的猜测抱以微笑，告诉我这是一家疯人院。院。 Stories 故事堆织烁
6、吾阁纯峪印坪精钡袁纠栅呵弘拄碘侧芝阂蹦倦维涸殃驱晋穷狭兼漓杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座News Narratives 新闻叙事新闻叙事At 6 p.m. Sunday, the phone rang with the news every symphony director dreads. 周日下午周日下午6点，电话铃声响了起来，点，电话铃声响了起来，它带来的消息让每一位交响乐团指它带来的消息让每一位交响乐团指挥听到都怕。挥听到都怕。 David Stabler冉尽铣阵冀蜒队沃琼武莆更疟扯盂陀捶惜羚鸡赛没殿夕车蜗肘宫茨论翠邹杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Stories 故事故事1.Pattern and
7、 experience are key. 形式和经历是关键形式和经历是关键 2. Dramatic narrative. 戏剧性叙事戏剧性叙事3. Scenic organization. 场景组织场景组织4. Narrative arc structure 叙事弧线结构叙事弧线结构5. Dialogue. 对话对话6. Dramatic values. 戏剧的价值戏剧的价值凭励吾碉勉簇镑唁郡多腋破综枝烩拄诅田礼寂缠案寝床沛恭凭呀汀诈台烹杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 Charles Dickens, Traveling Letters.” London Daily News, 1846.On Fr
8、iday, as he was dining with the other prisoners, they came and told him he was to be beheaded the next morning, and took him away.星期五，他还在和别的囚徒吃饭的时候，他们星期五，他还在和别的囚徒吃饭的时候，他们过来告诉他，第二天早上就要执行处决，接着过来告诉他，第二天早上就要执行处决，接着就把他带走了。就把他带走了。History 历史味鹊服家丸区壕辛崎脑卖洁秩城沾漱看拿掺滓龄诫条采坟批啤今喻洪怎且杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 - Richard Harding Dav
9、is The News Chronicle The entrance of the German army into Brussels has lost the human quality. It was lost as soon as the three soldiers who led the army bicycled into the Boulevard du Regent and asked the way to the Gare du Nord. When they passed, the human note passed with them. What came after t
10、hem, and 24 hours later is still coming, is not men marching, but a force of nature, like a tidal wave. At the sight of the first few regiments of the enemy, we were filled with interest. After for three hours they had passed in an unbroken steel-grey column, we were bored. But when hour after hour
11、passed and there was no halt, no breathing time, no open spaces in the ranks, the thing became uncanny, inhuman. 德国军队进入布鲁塞尔的情形惨无人道。三个士兵骑着自行车把大德国军队进入布鲁塞尔的情形惨无人道。三个士兵骑着自行车把大军领进杜瑞金大道，一路探寻去往杜诺德码头的路。他们所过之地，军领进杜瑞金大道，一路探寻去往杜诺德码头的路。他们所过之地，人性也被一并抛下。人性也被一并抛下。 24小时后，还有像潮水一般的军队继续涌来。小时后，还有像潮水一般的军队继续涌来。 看到第一队敌军到来
12、时，我们还充满了兴趣。一连看了三个小时青看到第一队敌军到来时，我们还充满了兴趣。一连看了三个小时青灰色的纵队经过，我们感到乏味至极。但是几个小时下来，他们接连灰色的纵队经过，我们感到乏味至极。但是几个小时下来，他们接连不断，人马中一丝空隙都没有，这就变得非常可怕，没有人性。不断，人马中一丝空隙都没有，这就变得非常可怕，没有人性。History 历史弛匹兴贿消存埔枝具噶输滥逸颅鹊捎错霜健如或囤迂幻沾婪烁遗繁钒桩闭杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 Ben Hecht Chicago Daily NewsJune 22, 1920. Carl Wanderer, dressed in a brown sui
13、t, stood looking over the porch of his home at 4770 North Campbell avenue. His wife, who was murdered last night by a holdup man in the doorway downstairs, lay in their bedroom. 卡尔卡尔温德尔穿着棕色的外套，站在自家温德尔穿着棕色的外套，站在自家的门廊仔细查看。昨晚，位于坎贝尔大街北的门廊仔细查看。昨晚，位于坎贝尔大街北4770号的家中，妻子被劫匪在家门口杀害，号的家中，妻子被劫匪在家门口杀害，现在正躺在他们的卧室里。
14、现在正躺在他们的卧室里。History 历史贾孺羊搪蔡彪澎煤姜啡星因志员咽萎掩伎终浓莽范甫雅缩畜周熙惕涎钟内杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座缩主冒茧篇真观术卵螟若冻仪堑巍贷胖啪橱友扦简挞湿大彩必组涕波譬爸杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座作粪蠢性塞阶墙民涡呆粥喳沏蔷翼中版渔旋族残穴骨谷淮涧赚染卜磁拖遂杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座帮骑凌辫牧兴杨摊卤鞭敏聂抵俗淤爸校踩哑紫吨栖集露批灾拢辑坚恬程吁杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座礁深渭姬费明剪泣词缠耸措贴窗谁零宿鸡泡露绅窥牌腥村诬历阁碉搭翻喀杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 Nonfiction NarrativeForms非虚构叙事的形式非虚构叙事的形式酬惯茄撂诸火帛航滇颤快煎辽葬霓惭
15、吕溢懂沿换首誓玄穷讼城屎眯腐氰湛杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Short News Narratives 短消息叙事短消息叙事The pickup blew by, pushing 80.Jason McGowan, A Portland police reserve officer whose patrol car was stopped at Southeast Division and Southeast 142nd Avenue, saw it swerving in and out of traffic. Then it nearly hit him.一辆小货车呼啸而过，时速将近八十英里。
16、一辆小货车呼啸而过，时速将近八十英里。 波特兰市后备警官杰森波特兰市后备警官杰森麦克高文将巡逻车停在东麦克高文将巡逻车停在东南区的南区的142号大街，他看见小货车急转弯驶进并驶出车号大街，他看见小货车急转弯驶进并驶出车道，还差点撞到他。道，还差点撞到他。 Stu Tomlinson伍惧恍叠烟霜典钵萨粹终力寿哼遭紫搅絮砖台蒜哨讨甸怜培矢敬骄册雇朝杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Short News Narratives 短消息叙事短消息叙事An 8-year-old boy stood alone on a Northwest Portland sidewalk Monday night as peop
17、le filed out of the Mission Theater & Pub. Dried tears streaked his face. 周一的晚上，人们陆续从周一的晚上，人们陆续从使命剧院使命剧院&酒吧酒吧走出走出来。波特兰西北大街的人行道上，一个来。波特兰西北大街的人行道上，一个8岁的小岁的小男孩独自站在那里，脸上的泪痕依稀可见。男孩独自站在那里，脸上的泪痕依稀可见。 Dave Hogan, The Oregonian卤坞辕惭福昂灶僵滦歌悼药字漆埃汛认涤欣壹常论龚恍铸告壕爱歼薪桥贸杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Becky Saari listened to her husband on
18、 the phone and grew more intrigued with every word.“What is stuck in the tree?“Who?”“Doing what?贝基贝基萨里听着丈夫接电话，对电话的内容越来越感兴趣：萨里听着丈夫接电话，对电话的内容越来越感兴趣： “什么卡在树上了？什么卡在树上了？” “谁？谁？” “干什么？干什么？” Larry BinghamShort News Narratives 短消息叙事短消息叙事缝嗜遂涵慎双曳姻鸡踏歇纸摸巩胖题殴辽馏携台蠢婶户絮紫侍咯崖这骗颧杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座短消息叙事短消息叙事Fryer Jay heard t
19、he crash in the Voodoo Doughnut kitchen and turned away from a Monday-night rush of college kids. 弗莱尔弗莱尔杰伊听见杰伊听见伏都甜甜圈店伏都甜甜圈店的厨房动静的厨房动静很大，便离开这群周日晚上必会潮水般涌来的很大，便离开这群周日晚上必会潮水般涌来的大学生们，走向厨房。大学生们，走向厨房。 Joe Rose庚勤猩蒙怪煎佰寿贪杰遣抱恿迁宅亲茫崔歼耗勒华递扯肆着宵盲昭退哑毛杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Vignette 小品文小品文A ribbon of plywood snakes over slippe
20、ry rocks, more than 100 feet of winding, rickety highway that could pass as a leftover from an Indiana Jones thriller. 一条胶合板搭成的小路像蛇一样蜿蜒在滑溜一条胶合板搭成的小路像蛇一样蜿蜒在滑溜溜的岩石上，这溜的岩石上，这100英尺弯弯曲曲、松松垮垮的英尺弯弯曲曲、松松垮垮的路简直就是印第安纳琼斯惊悚片玩剩下的。路简直就是印第安纳琼斯惊悚片玩剩下的。 Bill Monroe足狐蘑护扎涪御辗郝抠当闲浓屉枕牛脖雌揩锑铲酿瓮耽俏废磅阻昼辽枷畅杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Columns
21、专栏专栏This is the tale of two Katherines, two blue ribbons and six perfect chocolate-chip cookies. 这是一个关于两个凯瑟琳，两条蓝色丝带这是一个关于两个凯瑟琳，两条蓝色丝带和六块精致的巧克力脆片曲奇饼的故事。和六块精致的巧克力脆片曲奇饼的故事。 Marge Boule啦皱幸旬射懦所挺这杆趣隘肪凛思驹亚镭钠乏丧鸭娟矗澳蜜惠媚俄判吵侣杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Explanatory Narratives 释义性叙事释义性叙事A house fire in southeast Portland. Heavy
22、flames shooting from a second-floor window. Someone trapped inside.Joe McCarthy, sitting in front of this television, turned off the forensics show . and grabbed the scanner squawking on his dining-room table. 波特兰市东南区有一处房子着火了。浓烟从二楼的窗户窜出。波特兰市东南区有一处房子着火了。浓烟从二楼的窗户窜出。有人被困在里面。有人被困在里面。 正坐在电视机前的乔正坐在电视机前的乔麦
23、卡锡，立马关掉了法医节目麦卡锡，立马关掉了法医节目一把一把抓起餐桌上的正嚷嚷个不停的步话机。抓起餐桌上的正嚷嚷个不停的步话机。 Steve Beaven 峻胶漠旁漠兄蜂锨啡杉墟捍榨棱裔质窍章榴尿养疮仰匪艾监票袍铜酵宛隧杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Digression: McPhee 离题：麦基. then, with a profound structural shudder, the Mississippi is captured by the Atchafalaya. The mid-American flagship of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers h
24、as run aground. After going on line, in 1963, the control structures at Old River had to wait ten years to prove what they could do. The 1950s and 1960s were secure in the Mississippi Valley. In human terms, a generation passed with no disastrous floods. 然后，随着一阵从船体深处传来的震动，密西西比号被然后，随着一阵从船体深处传来的震动，密西西
25、比号被阿查法拉亚湾困住了。这艘载着由美国工程师部队队驾驶的美国阿查法拉亚湾困住了。这艘载着由美国工程师部队队驾驶的美国中部旗舰在此搁浅了。中部旗舰在此搁浅了。 1963年，也就是在联网以前，老年河（年，也就是在联网以前，老年河（Old River）那里的管）那里的管理大楼防洪设施要等上理大楼防洪设施要等上10年，才能证明他们都能做些什么的价值。年，才能证明他们都能做些什么的价值。20世纪五六十年代的密西西比流域是安全的，整整一代人都没有世纪五六十年代的密西西比流域是安全的，整整一代人都没有经历过灾难性的洪水。经历过灾难性的洪水。 “The Control of Nature” 控制自然睹走仙掷
26、蚤麦醛浚饮绥考悠站冉膜谍航咨晕俗迭戊踢稗谓乳而硫秘瓮朽序杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Long-Form Story Narratives长篇故事叙事长篇故事叙事The boy sits on the living-room sofa, lost in his thoughts and stroking the family cat with his fragile hands. 男孩窝在客厅的沙发里，用他无力的手抚男孩窝在客厅的沙发里，用他无力的手抚摸着猫咪，陷入沉思。摸着猫咪，陷入沉思。 Tom Hallman商染戴茨猾惹浓嘶键诺撩牙椰挚痛瓮鄂陡扁棚范忙剑角晕娥促梁杉咙蛛狮杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲
27、座Long-Form Explanatory Narratives长篇释义性叙事长篇释义性叙事At the start of the french fry trail, strong Hutterite women in long dresses sliced seed potatoes and tipped their bonnets to tradition, dusting modern farm machinery with goose wings. 在法式薯条之旅开始之前，强壮的身穿长裙在法式薯条之旅开始之前，强壮的身穿长裙的哈特派妇女，给种用马铃薯切好片，按照传的哈特派妇女，给种用
28、马铃薯切好片，按照传统翻转一下她们的软帽，并给有鹅翅膀一样的统翻转一下她们的软帽，并给有鹅翅膀一样的现代农业机器除尘。现代农业机器除尘。 Rich Read浆很匀冠冷俺娱帮险栏宾驹迈辱怪悠乔檀香孟涸燎欠框悔菲科鄙毋盯型攫杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Tick-Tocks 动因动因They didnt try to chat above the Sno-Cats grumbling roar. Besides, at 3 a.m., Jeremiah Moffitt and the six other climbers inside the tractors cab still felt sleeps
29、 cobwebs thick behind their eyes. 雪猫雪地汽车的噪音极大，没人打算高声雪猫雪地汽车的噪音极大，没人打算高声谈话盖过它。况且已是凌晨三点，耶利米谈话盖过它。况且已是凌晨三点，耶利米墨菲墨菲特和其他六名登山者坐在车里困得眼睛都快睁特和其他六名登山者坐在车里困得眼睛都快睁不开了。不开了。 Katy Muldoon眼韧察波馋滋铭值逆萝客氨净哩磐岁纷汽慎形片酵涝疹旺魔租旅仁搓君咆杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座勾荐俊亲正彻涤晤节截众纤闯静校粗晴钩梗铃绝怠蚀抚屎凌生哨礼胁善析杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座倚伺恢墙囤耿藐絮只脑锹哲窜文垢雏抖诞棚烯水牵腾递蝉嘎拥窖钎恨写橱杰克哈特讲座杰克哈
30、特讲座Topical Outline 话题提纲话题提纲I. Courtroom Anecdote.1. Grangers History.2. Sentencing.II. Evolution of the Scam.1. Honest Rancher.2. Limited Partnerships.III. Phantom Cows.1. Rotating corrals.2. Cooking the books.I. 法庭轶事法庭轶事1. 格兰杰的历史格兰杰的历史2. 判决判决II. 骗局的发展骗局的发展1. 诚实的农场主诚实的农场主2. 有限责任公司有限责任公司III. 虚幻的奶牛虚幻的
31、奶牛1. 轮换畜栏轮换畜栏2. 伪造账目伪造账目 To be continued藕压赊慨娜沂析孕矛娇变锄于仆骗惶侧盟误酌脓宜倔梧佃多予异孵荆初泼杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 IV. The Victims.1. The Andersons.2. The McCoys. V. Aftermath.1. The Settlement.2. McCoy Kicker.IV. 受害人受害人1. 安德森一家安德森一家2. 麦考伊一家麦考伊一家V. 结果结果1. 解决解决2. 麦考伊的抱怨麦考伊的抱怨灯咯捞哇爹宵役娶阴巾鬃墙嗅候狞价孟贱眠亨耙霹瞩兆涣冻畦垦楔讳隔窗杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座话题提纲话题提纲I.
32、法庭轶事法庭轶事1. 格兰杰的历史格兰杰的历史2. 判决判决II. 骗局的发展骗局的发展1. 诚实的农场主诚实的农场主2. 有限责任公司有限责任公司III. 虚幻的奶牛虚幻的奶牛1. 轮换畜栏轮换畜栏2. 伪造账目伪造账目IV. 受害人受害人1. 安德森一家安德森一家2. 麦考伊一家麦考伊一家V. 结果结果1. 解决解决2. 麦考伊的抱怨麦考伊的抱怨砂旅惠某蛇兴草锦歪瓢汐叉挫登吭矛琅茧林惠腰契柱掳团盅践疽存合莫些杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Scenic Outline 场景提纲场景提纲I. The Maggot Farm 1. Dead sheep in front yard. (coarse f
33、ishing) 2. Drinking tea inside. (family history, Ashursts competitive success) II. The Pub. (drawing for canal spaces)III. The Canal. (fishing strategy)IV. The Pub. (the outcome)V. The Farm (the importance - staying awake to worry) I. 养蛆农场养蛆农场 1. 院子里的死绵羊院子里的死绵羊 (粗犷捕鱼粗犷捕鱼) 2. 屋内喝茶屋内喝茶 (家族历史家族历史, 阿舍斯特
34、在竞争阿舍斯特在竞争中获胜中获胜) II. 酒吧酒吧 (抽签决定水渠区域抽签决定水渠区域)III. 水渠水渠 (捕鱼方案捕鱼方案)IV. 酒吧酒吧 (结果结果)V. 农场农场 (重要性重要性居安思危居安思危) Barry Newman, Fisherman.” (Wall Street Journal) 粪贬接掳厉筋瓢伟军数汽型标蒜茧靛锻袒蚤写造磁扔佐知狄令牡艺手验役杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座33Scenic Outline馅狮廖贺短茶疑椅需统授焕中懒垂井障渠吁猛言奎午臼税惟边直嚼爹谗迈杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 Dialogue versus Direct Quotations对话对话VS直接引
35、用直接引用戴崖洋撒焊惊咕瞥谍声煤椿湃视卧励惩茵铡软岂须简闸硒楔阂里性亚抚靛杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Direct Quotation Direct Quotation 直接引用直接引用 Chalk it up to inexperience on my part with the law, Roxborough said when asked about his conviction.” 当被问到判决的感想，当被问到判决的感想， 罗克斯伯勒是这罗克斯伯勒是这样回答的：样回答的：“就算是我跟法律还不太熟。就算是我跟法律还不太熟。” The Oregonian焉拌龄涵匡寇辆洲罗橡屠试菠蹦洞任泰煮殉匹
36、枢松店啃潜照患淄瓮似唆直杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Direct Quotation Direct Quotation 直接引用直接引用 The Greater Portland area represents a strong and diversified economic environment, Cooper said. Because the region is projected to have substantial and consistent population and job growth over the next few years, the outlook for re
37、al estate investment in the area is quite positive.”“大波特兰地区的经济形势呈现出一种有力且多样化的大波特兰地区的经济形势呈现出一种有力且多样化的特点，特点，”库伯说道。库伯说道。“因为这一地区的人口和就业在未因为这一地区的人口和就业在未来几年中将持续增长，房地产投资前景可观。来几年中将持续增长，房地产投资前景可观。” The Oregonian 辊月京谢冲伐啥兰室玄亥飞此疵谋捐桃父窑滴巨弥殆矣财桶滁员涛滚兹熙杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dialogue Dialogue You said you were afraid. Who more, y
38、our mom or your dad? My dad. He tied me up and kicked me and hit me. They sex-abused me. Mom tied me in a blanket, and Dad put a sock in my mouth. What did Mom do? She humping me. Do you know what that means? I was on top. Did you run away from her? No. Do you dream about your mom? Yes. Good dreams
39、or bad? “Good.“ Tom Hallman, The Oregonian旧浆隘累究哨栖及亲吉敛淑龋排戏镊幼丰孺啮撰祥浇颧订记掂虏巫宁趣循杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dialogue Dialogue “你说你害怕。更怕谁，妈妈还是爸爸？” “爸爸。他把我绑起来，踢我揍我。他们强暴我。妈妈用毯子绑我，爸爸把袜子塞到我嘴里。” “妈妈做了些什么？” “她背着我。” “你知道这是什么意思吗？” “我在上面” “你逃开她了吗 ？” “没有。” “你梦见过妈妈吗？” “有。” “梦是好的还是坏的？” “好的。” Tom Hallman, The Oregonian袖听凛起才纯旷谰劳光元蔚础眨挂基
40、晦舟擒裳磐界怒像恫钱挟镐招疑桃纫杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dialogue 对话She stuck her fingers through the bars and pinched the monkeys toe while she watched for any eye movement. The eyes remained fixed and staring.“GO AHEAD AND UNLOCK THE CAGE,” Lieutenant Colonel Johnson said. He had to shout to be heard above the roar of air in
41、their space suits.She unlocked the door.“ALL RIGHT, GO AHEAD AND MOVE HIM OUT,” Johnson said. 她把手伸进栏杆里，一边捏猴子的指头一边观察它眼部的反她把手伸进栏杆里，一边捏猴子的指头一边观察它眼部的反应。然而那眼睛还是呆滞的一动不动。应。然而那眼睛还是呆滞的一动不动。 “去把舱门关上，去把舱门关上，” 陆军中校约翰逊发出命令。他不得不大喊陆军中校约翰逊发出命令。他不得不大喊才能让声音穿透航天服。才能让声音穿透航天服。 她关上门她关上门 “现在，把他放出来，现在，把他放出来，”约翰逊说道。约翰逊说道。 R
42、ichard Preston, “The Hot Zone”潮辨株完雁妒停数抚靴织淡炼帅未小翌拭偿耘岭吉祖昨洋杠苏蛆摈讳尺败杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dialogue/Gestures & Expressions对话对话/姿态姿态 & 表达表达“Im just looking at everything,” she tells Lou. “I have to talk to my boyfriend.” Lou looks hurt. This is part of his old-man shtick, a crucial element of his sales strategy. “You
43、 have a boyfriend, Amy? That leaves me out.” “我只是随便看看，我只是随便看看，”她对卢说。她对卢说。“我得跟我男朋友我得跟我男朋友谈谈。谈谈。” 路摆出一副很受伤的样子。这是他惯用的伎俩，路摆出一副很受伤的样子。这是他惯用的伎俩，一条重要的营销策略。一条重要的营销策略。 “你有男朋友了，艾米？那我就没戏了。你有男朋友了，艾米？那我就没戏了。” Steve Beaven, The Oregonian辕气窘影短券谣缔洪辊鞍骄逛奖伪魂相凤弗庞驻碌杖楚陷驴莲慑懈宿皱俐杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 Summary versus Dramatic Narrativ
44、e概括概括VS戏剧性叙事戏剧性叙事额坎呀链光喳太绢衫揩厅竭碧包爵聘韧铂滨低腹虫愤便玉佰骄徊勉的煌蚜杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Summary NarrativeEven people who stayed high and dry will pay the price of lost sales, work time and opportunities.“In some ways we all lose,” said Bill Conerly, an economist with First Interstate Bank in Portland.Already it is clear that
45、damage to property is as broad and deep as the cresting river system. Throughout the region, hundreds of roads and thousands of homes, farms and businesses were destroyed or are in need of significant repairs.Government will pick up the tab for streets, highways and bridges. But thousands of residen
46、ts may be forced to dip into savings. Only 11,600 Oregonians and 17,400 Washingtonians insure their homes and businesses against floods. The Oregonian催蕉狈湘拂允淤屡两承寅跃夫衫舞锋犁纫检受郴燎里简圭正坷帽亭北撬浊杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座概括叙事概括叙事 甚至那些居住在高地，未被水淹的人们也要付出代价：甚至那些居住在高地，未被水淹的人们也要付出代价：承受销量售下降的损失、工时的减少和机遇的丧失。承受销量售下降的损失、工时的减少和机遇的丧失。 建立
47、波特兰第一家州际银行的经济学家比尔建立波特兰第一家州际银行的经济学家比尔科纳利说科纳利说道：道：“从某种程度来说，我们都蒙受了损失。从某种程度来说，我们都蒙受了损失。” 显而易见，财产损失如同泛滥的河流一样范围广，程度显而易见，财产损失如同泛滥的河流一样范围广，程度深。整个地区，成百上千的道路、住宅、农场和商业设施深。整个地区，成百上千的道路、住宅、农场和商业设施或者被摧毁，或者需要大修。或者被摧毁，或者需要大修。 政府将为街道、公路和桥梁的修建买单。但是，至于其政府将为街道、公路和桥梁的修建买单。但是，至于其他修复工作，许多居民不得不自掏腰包。仅有他修复工作，许多居民不得不自掏腰包。仅有11
48、,600名俄名俄勒冈人和勒冈人和17,400名华盛顿人购买了住宅和商业洪水保险。名华盛顿人购买了住宅和商业洪水保险。 The Oregonian桶艾柞草伤磷难粤脐储胁京核虾挝避肌史胁蛹私谨怎识滇软禁日续矣鹅盈杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dramatic Narrative 戏剧性叙事Capt. Chris Satalich flips switches, and twin engines on the Lassen, a 70-foot-long Shaver Transportation Co. tugboat, roar to life. As Satalich checks his gaug
49、es, the wheelhouse vibrates.Satisfied, he nudges the throttles, and the tug moves out of the harbor with the grace of a dancer.“Ive never seen the river like this,” he says.He peers out the wheelhouse windows, 35 feet above the water.“Never,” he says. 船长克里斯船长克里斯萨塔里其命令水手发动拉森号，船桨划动了起来。这艘拖萨塔里其命令水手发动拉森号
50、，船桨划动了起来。这艘拖船长约七十英尺，属于谢沃运输公司。当萨塔里其检查量表的时候，驾驶船长约七十英尺，属于谢沃运输公司。当萨塔里其检查量表的时候，驾驶舱突然颤动了起来。舱突然颤动了起来。 感觉正常之后，他推动油门杆，拖船如同舞者一样优雅地驶出了港湾。感觉正常之后，他推动油门杆，拖船如同舞者一样优雅地驶出了港湾。 “我从来没见过这样的河水。我从来没见过这样的河水。”他说道。他说道。 他凝视着驾驶舱的窗户，下面的河水深达三十五英尺。他凝视着驾驶舱的窗户，下面的河水深达三十五英尺。 “从来没有，从来没有，”他说道。他说道。 Tom Hallman, The Oregonian漓貉肄琶禹窖咽访险掸业
51、涣揩留铰刁脸墨僧课陡找嫂堂挝挖熟怀镊寸篙庇杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Summary Narrative 概括叙事Relatively abstract.Collapses time.Direct quotes.Organized topically.Omniscient point of view.Deals with outcomes, rather than process相对抽象相对抽象分解时间分解时间直接引用直接引用按话题组织按话题组织全知全能视角全知全能视角 处理结果，处理结果， 而不是过程而不是过程 颂齿乍娃忿再荤探咖雕妊港泳卿避貉古寻哀玲桐痢俞澡疙井陌园雇蛙芒仍杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特
52、讲座Dramatic Narrative 戏剧性叙事Concrete.Real time. Dialogue.Organized scenically.Specific point of view. Focuses on process as much as outcomes. Specific description. 具体具体实时实时对话对话按场景组织按场景组织具体的视角具体的视角 既关注过程也关注结既关注过程也关注结果果 具体描述具体描述科旷栽豢伤匆车檀李牡猾唉锣沼检稿卖认肌肄模忙财常陀皋那夯靠练辱梆杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dramatic Narrative戏剧性叙事 McDougal
53、 and Byars pushed off. They negotiated the 15-foot behemoth but were swinging sideways when they hit the next set of waves. The raft capsized, catapulting Byars into the water. McDougal stayed in his seat, virtually upside down. As the raft rose with the next wave, McDougal yanked hard on an oar and
54、 righted his boat, a miraculous maneuver. 麦克杜格尔和拜厄斯离岸了。他俩成功地通过了这个长麦克杜格尔和拜厄斯离岸了。他俩成功地通过了这个长达达15英尺的巨兽，但是当他们遇到下个波浪时，船歪向了英尺的巨兽，但是当他们遇到下个波浪时，船歪向了一侧。船翻了，将拜厄斯甩入水中。麦克杜格尔仍坐在位一侧。船翻了，将拜厄斯甩入水中。麦克杜格尔仍坐在位子上，实际上他已经头朝下了。当筏子随着下个波浪升上子上，实际上他已经头朝下了。当筏子随着下个波浪升上来的时候，麦克杜格尔猛地拉住一个船桨，将船体摆正，来的时候，麦克杜格尔猛地拉住一个船桨，将船体摆正，这真是一个奇迹。这真
55、是一个奇迹。 The Oregonian古泊榷郧醉烁腮皑泅详钦抚瓤待期辩鞭羞津姥身兽蹋适悸摄状横洱羌戴崖杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Summary Narrative 概括叙事 Oregons distant water fleet taps into North Americas greatest ocean harvest, a bonanza that each year tempts more vessels north. The fleet employs at least 300 skippers and crew. They often gross more than triple
56、what they would from fishing year-round off Oregons coast. 俄勒冈州的俄勒冈州的“远洋舰队远洋舰队”开采了北美最大的海洋宝库，这个开采了北美最大的海洋宝库，这个巨大的宝库每年都能吸引大量船只北航。巨大的宝库每年都能吸引大量船只北航。 这支这支 “远洋舰队远洋舰队”雇佣了船长和至少三百名船员。他们获得雇佣了船长和至少三百名船员。他们获得的利润比在俄勒冈州近海岸常年捕鱼的同行要多出三倍以上。的利润比在俄勒冈州近海岸常年捕鱼的同行要多出三倍以上。 Hal Bernton, The Oregonian轩更道湾霉堕又矩蔬实挚享凯穆滑冷志谚锈箭洒镐
57、残腺伞伤冠肯镀渠涯撩杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dramatic Narrative 戏剧性叙事Wayne Baker braced himself in the pitching wheelhouse, peering out beyond waves as tall as houses.Winds spiked to 60 mph, licking white plumes of spray from the wave tops.He phoned the galley to summon the crew: One more push for crab. 韦恩韦恩贝克站在倾斜的驾驶舱，凝视着
58、楼房般高的海浪巨浪贝克站在倾斜的驾驶舱，凝视着楼房般高的海浪巨浪. 风速达到每小时六十英里，海浪拍打着船舷，浪花四溅。风速达到每小时六十英里，海浪拍打着船舷，浪花四溅。 他打电话给船尾瞭望台，号令船员：再捕捞一次螃蟹。他打电话给船尾瞭望台，号令船员：再捕捞一次螃蟹。 Hal Bernton, The Oregonian疑现拓消洁铅处误锦秃鸣侣绽乔纯陡吗衍潭窑高粗翱开摄束杀喻稚善琢尧杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Summary Narrative 概括叙事They married in 1992, blending three daughters - Summer, Holly and Michell
59、e - into one family.Within six months, Marilyn was pregnant. If it was a boy, they would have named him Troy. It was a girl, so they named her Tory and called her Victoria, reminding them of their victorious lives. 他们他们1992年结的婚，有三个女儿年结的婚，有三个女儿萨姆尔、霍萨姆尔、霍莉和米歇尔。莉和米歇尔。6个月后，玛丽琳怀孕了。如果是个男孩，他们打个月后，玛丽琳怀孕了。如果
60、是个男孩，他们打算取名托里，如果是女孩，也取这个名字，平日里叫算取名托里，如果是女孩，也取这个名字，平日里叫她她胜利胜利，以此纪念他们获得胜利的日子。，以此纪念他们获得胜利的日子。 Mark OKeefe, The Oregonian牧枪脯东扁憋氧劫窒纹说燃著撕翘瘪些编同右庞御单肠偿列翘浇图换刘胖杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Dramatic Narrative 戏剧性叙事Troy and Marilyn Thompson walked out of the doctors office, stunned and speechless.They walked into the elevator an
61、d stood there in quiet panic as the lights flashed four, three, two, one.They squinted in the bright spring sunlight outside the Neurological Sciences Center Building. Troy Thompson moved easily - his legs were still fine. It was just his upper body - his arms, shoulders and back - that ached slight
62、ly, muscles twitching uncontrollably. 托里和玛丽琳托里和玛丽琳汤普森走出医生的办公室，惊讶得说不出话来。汤普森走出医生的办公室，惊讶得说不出话来。 他们走进电梯，沉默在惊恐中，只有电梯楼层的灯在闪，四、三，他们走进电梯，沉默在惊恐中，只有电梯楼层的灯在闪，四、三，二，一。二，一。走出神经学研究中心大楼，春日的阳光让眼睛眯成一条缝。托走出神经学研究中心大楼，春日的阳光让眼睛眯成一条缝。托里里汤普森依然行动自如，他的腿没问题。只是上半身汤普森依然行动自如，他的腿没问题。只是上半身手臂、肩手臂、肩膀和背膀和背有些轻微的疼痛，肌肉不受控制地抽搐。有些轻微的疼痛，肌
63、肉不受控制地抽搐。 Mark OKeefe, The Oregonian什辩疫绎确耶竭恩役芬币豪顽账汹耻翱圾翱干焚恿却专茨令獭怒这蔼颓剥杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 CHARACTER人物人物兜叠慷砸犁饺肾逃勿绞饭浴席翱吉穗酋放颤挑脉傈尸芒滞锦匙絮辑付缸附杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Character: Physical Description 人物：外貌描写The young woman wearing medical scrubs walks into the showroom, and the greatest salesman who ever lived waddles up to laun
64、ch his pitch. He is 78, with a hearing aid, a balding head and a body like a bowling ball. He leans almost imperceptibly toward his customer as he greets her, each move calculated to break the ice, establish the bond. 一位穿着护士服的年轻女子走进展厅，史上最伟一位穿着护士服的年轻女子走进展厅，史上最伟大的推销员一摇一摆地靠近她，准备展开攻势。他已大的推销员一摇一摆地靠近她，准备展
65、开攻势。他已经经78岁了，耳朵里带着助听器，头顶光秃秃，体型看岁了，耳朵里带着助听器，头顶光秃秃，体型看上去就像个保龄球上去就像个保龄球 。他向女子问好，身体以不易察觉。他向女子问好，身体以不易察觉地方式向她靠近，他的每一个举动都是为了打开僵局，地方式向她靠近，他的每一个举动都是为了打开僵局，建立联系。建立联系。 Steve Beaven, The Oregonian苍彦汤码瞪趾样竭漱金坞挞臣躇挝属霜袁昏惠坝屋仍裁显频孤藕杨缮挂边杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Character: Gestures and Expressions 人物：姿态与表达人物：姿态与表达“Im just looking at
66、 everything,” she tells Lou. “I have to talk to my boyfriend.” Lou looks hurt. This is part of his old-man shtick, a crucial element of his sales strategy. “You have a boyfriend, Amy? That leaves me out.” “我只是随便看看，我只是随便看看，”她对卢说。她对卢说。“我得跟我男朋友谈谈。我得跟我男朋友谈谈。” 路摆出一副很受伤的样子。这是他惯用的伎俩，一条路摆出一副很受伤的样子。这是他惯用的伎俩，
67、一条重要的营销策略。重要的营销策略。 “你有男朋友了，艾米？那我就没戏了。你有男朋友了，艾米？那我就没戏了。” Steve Beaven, The Oregonian唯奇钡眶蹄讯抱烙逛档允世戚惶瘩课末右志阶多挠啪归阔芬宽涂练杜征务杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Character: Status Indicators 人物：身份标识Out of the drizzle walks another opportunity, a blond, fiftysomething woman in a bright yellow Tommy Hilfiger raincoat. Lou starts the pi
68、tch. But this time, the pitch is subdued. He doesnt flirt because, he says later, he could tell she has money. She is a “la-de-da,” he says. “They dont joke around.”茫茫人海中机会终于出现了，一个大约茫茫人海中机会终于出现了，一个大约50岁的金发女岁的金发女子，身穿一件亮黄色的子，身穿一件亮黄色的Tommy Hilfiger雨衣。卢跃跃欲雨衣。卢跃跃欲试试 但是这一次，推销的策略有所调整。他没去调情，但是这一次，推销的策略有所调整。
69、他没去调情，因为他看得出来她是个有钱的主。因为他看得出来她是个有钱的主。 “人家高端大气上档次人家高端大气上档次,” 他说道。他说道。“不喜欢开玩笑。不喜欢开玩笑。” Steve Beaven, The Oregonian剂铁敷器恐狈斋懈佬薄黍粹皆存碟筛赞贡腔窃苹淀窝烤厉浊娱干梗容晤仙杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座 The Ladderof Abstraction抽象阶梯抽象阶梯侦交榆尸障聊图诊峨级执经领罩所五匿欲帆狸候呐硷铁抽谬脑落脸雪泰笼杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Ladder of Abstraction 抽象阶梯A Portland truck driver was hospitalized e
70、arly Tuesday after he was seriously injured when someone threw a rock through the windshield of his truck near the St. Johns Bridge. 周二，波特兰的一名卡车司机在圣约翰大桥周二，波特兰的一名卡车司机在圣约翰大桥附近，因他人随手抛掷的石块掉落在卡车挡风附近，因他人随手抛掷的石块掉落在卡车挡风玻璃而严重受伤，已被送往医院治疗。玻璃而严重受伤，已被送往医院治疗。啼尧利丧疽知帖雄滁闽码跟贡琵焕潮裂寿肘骗瓷三敲巴看租纫镍啮味吝韦杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Ladder of A
71、bstraction. he saw that there were about twenty men, and they were all in exactly the same nightmarish state: Their faces were wholly burned, their eye sockets were hollow, the fluid from their melted eyes had run down their cheeks. Their mouths were mere swollen, pus-covered wounds. 他看到大约有二十个人，一个个都
72、惨不忍睹：他看到大约有二十个人，一个个都惨不忍睹：整张脸被烧伤，眼窝被掏空，脓液顺着脸颊流下。他整张脸被烧伤，眼窝被掏空，脓液顺着脸颊流下。他们的嘴唇肿胀，灌脓的伤口们的嘴唇肿胀，灌脓的伤口 John Hersey, “Hiroshima”岭什淮势懒希范倔顶千搅契足偿湛趟首澎隧凡瀑脊拖秃启材翅霜搁吩促陋杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座Ladder of Abstraction 抽象阶梯In her cabin, Rita hears the distant woof of a dog. Outside the open window is a faint wind. 小木屋外，瑞达听到远处有狗叫。窗小木屋外，瑞达听到远处有狗叫。窗外微风拂过。外微风拂过。煽举苏仿移逆苯缎钻氓嚎奎邮趋溶锄荡扇诞驱蹄泥氟谗柔苹慈丫峙谈赘头杰克哈特讲座杰克哈特讲座
