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1、I am the king of the whole world.What does the lion say? Direct Speech and Reported Speech引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来， 引号引号“ ” 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句定义：定义：复合句中，复合句中，放在动词或介词后放在动词或介词后 充当宾语的句子充当宾语的句
2、子叫宾语从句。叫宾语从句。 语语 序序宾宾语语从从句句四四要要素素 引引 导导 词词 时时 态态人人 称称、人称的变化、人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二二随随宾宾第三第三人称人称不变不变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称在变间引后人称不变称不变She said,“ I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennis.He said to L
3、ily,“ you must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me ,“ They want tohelp him.”She told me that they wanted tohelp him.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新（二）引导词二）引导词I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.that（ that可以省略）可以省略）eg：当陈述句充当宾语时，由当陈述句充当宾语时，由 _ 连接连接He said (that) he
4、 was very nervous.Exercises : 1). Betty says to Harry, I want to borrow your book.” 2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.”Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.2.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由 _ 连接连接Eg:1.What is she doing? Can you tel
5、l me?Can you tell me what she is doing?2.Where does she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?特殊疑问词特殊疑问词5) “ What are you going to do?” he asked. 6）“How do you go to school every day?” asked Mr. Zhang.He asked me what I was going to do.Mr. Zhang asked how I went to school everyday.(2) Does K
6、ate get up early? Do you know?Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?(1) Is Jim a good student? I dont know I dont know if /whether Jim is a good student.3当一般疑问句充当宾语时，由当一般疑问句充当宾语时，由_ 连连接接if/whethereg:3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me?”4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any delicious food t
7、o eat?”She asked me if I agreed with her.Anne asked her mother if there was anydelicious food to eat.4、直接引语如果是祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形、直接引语如果是祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带变为带to的不定式。的不定式。句型：句型：tell/ask/order sb (not) to do stheg :“Make sure the door is shut , ”Mr Xu said to us. ”Dont smoke in the room,“ Mr Xu said to us.M
8、r Xu told us to make sure the door was shut.Mr Xu told us not to smoke in the room.注意：只能用注意：只能用whether不不用用if 的三种情况的三种情况v一般情况下，一般情况下，if 和和whether可以互换，但以下可以互换，但以下3种种 情况只能用情况只能用whether：v与与or not连用：连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming.v在介词之后：在介词之后： It depends on whether it is going to rain.v在不定式之
9、前：在不定式之前： We havent decided whether to go there.7). Mom said,“ Dont chat with strangers”8). “ Go shopping with me, please?” said Mr. Wang .Mom told me not to chat with strangers.Mr. Wang asked me to go shopping with him.（三）（三）宾语从句的宾语从句的语序语序 1.如果从句原来部分主语前连系动词（如果从句原来部分主语前连系动词（be)、助动词、助动词（will has have
10、）、情态动词要将他们移到主语后面）、情态动词要将他们移到主语后面。Wheres your pen pal from? Can you tell me?When will you come back?Can you tell meHave you finished you homework yet? Can you tell me宾语从句必须用宾语从句必须用 _陈述语序陈述语序Can you tell me where your pen pal is from ?2.如果从句原来部分主语前有助动词如果从句原来部分主语前有助动词do /does/did时，则时，则要将它们要将它们去掉去掉，后面的动
11、词要做相应的变化。若是，后面的动词要做相应的变化。若是dont/doesnt/didnt则则不去掉不去掉，则放到主语之后。，则放到主语之后。Where does he live? Do you know?When did he leave？I dont know. Why didnt you come to the party? Can you tell me?I dont know when he leftDo you know where he lives?Can you tell me why you didnt come to the party? 3.当当what, which, w
12、ho在从句中作在从句中作主语主语或是以下句子时，语序不变：或是以下句子时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter?Whats happening? What happened?e.g: Can you tell me who is over there? I dont know whats the matter. （四）（四）宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态v1. 如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般现在时一般现在时，宾语从，宾语从 句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_时态时态。vI dont think (that) you are
13、 right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.vDo you know when Mr. Smith moved here?任任 何何v2. 如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般过去时一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相，宾语从句只能用相应的应的_时态时态（一般过去时，（一般过去时， 过去进行时，过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：vHe told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.vHe said that he would go back to the
14、U.S. soon. 过去过去v3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理客观真理，即使，即使主句用了主句用了过去时过去时，从句仍用，从句仍用 _ 时态时态。例如：例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.一般现在一般现在 The little boy asked if the sun _in the east.（太阳是否在东方升起）（太阳是否在东方升起）rises 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, t
15、hese those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next/following month here there come, go,bring take 情态动词情态动词 can, may, mus
16、t could,might,had to 用所给词的适当形式填空(1) He says that he _ (read) now.(2) Can you tell me if they _ (finish) the work already ?.(3) Dou you know where John _(go) yesterday?(4) My sister told me she _ (be) free tomorrow.(5) I wanted to know if you _(like) the movie.(6)The teacher told us the earth _(go) a
17、round the sun.(7) Could you tell me if there _(be) a hospital near here?is reading have finishedwentwould beliked goesisDo you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has do
18、ne D. will doCB巩固练习：巩固练习：I从下列从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。中选择一个正确选项填空。4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?A.what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was LilyC3.We dont know ?_ - It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B. when he was born C. where h
19、e comes from D. if he lives here C5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled ACv7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow? A. if B. w
20、eather C. what D. whichvA8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing CII.改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the su
21、n always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.完成句子。完成句子。1. I hear (that) he _ in an hour.（ 我听说他一小时后回来。）Will be back2. He said (that) he _ very much.（他说他非常想念我们。）missed us3. Ask him _.（问问他是
22、否能来。）If /whether he can come4. Can you tell me _.（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗？）where he is宾宾 语语 从从 句句 小小 结结一一.结构结构1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时当陈述句作宾语从句时, 结构结构:主句主句+that + 主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+ if(whether) +主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分3.当当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+特殊疑问特殊疑问词词+主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分宾宾 语语 从从 句句 小小 结结二主从时态关系二主从时态关系 主句主句 从句从句一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 3.( (特殊特殊):):任何时态任何时态 ( (客观、自然现象客观、自然现象) )三三.语序：陈述语序语序：陈述语序时态不变时态不变时态相应变化时态相应变化 一般现在时一般现在时
