《人教初三英语寒假预习unit-unit杨丽娜》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教初三英语寒假预习unit-unit杨丽娜（14页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、第八讲第八讲Unit13Unit13WeWearearetryingtryingtoto学习目标学习重点学习难点save the earth!save the earth!二二1.掌握 Section A 中出现的词汇，短语和句型2.通过对鱼翅汤的了解和保护濒危动物-鲨鱼，保护地球保护环境1. 词汇: shark, fin, cruel, harmful, chain, ecosystem, industry, law, scientific,afford, reusable, transportation, recycle, napkin .2. 短语:be harmful to, at t
2、he top of, the food chain, take part in, turn off,pay for, take action.3. 句型: This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.1. 掌握本课时中的重点词汇、短语和句型2. 能正确运用现在进行时，现在完成时，被动语态，情态动词和 used to 句型- 1 -8.1词汇和语言要点知识梳理知识梳理I.words
3、and expressionsI.words and expressionswordsshark, fin, cruel, harmful, chain, ecosystem, industry, law, scientific, afford, reusable, transportation,recycle, napkin .phrasesbe harmful to, at the top of, the food chain, take part in, turn off, pay for, take action.II.Language pointsII.Language points
4、1. When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the shark back into the ocean.cut off 切掉e.g. Take care not to cut off the buds. 留神不要把幼芽儿切掉。【拓展】“动词+ off构成的短语有：take off脱掉；起飞turn off关上put off推迟run off跑掉get off下车set off出发show off炫耀keep off远离；不接触- 2 -2. A shark can no longer swim and slowl
5、y dies. 鲨鱼不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。no longer 意思是“不再e.g.Im no longer a student. 我不再是个学生了。有两个短语和 no longer同义， 即 notany longer和 notany more，但侧重的方面不同。 no longer和 notany longer 侧重时间。e.g.He no longer lives here.= He doesnt live here any longer.他不在这儿居住了。(一段时间以前他住在这儿，过了这段时间，他就离开了。)notany more 侧重侧重程度和数量e.g.You can drink
6、no more. = You can t drink any more.你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再继续下去了。)3. This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.这种方法不但残忍而且对环境有害。not onlybut also 用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分， 着重强调后者， 其意为 “不仅而且; 其中的 also 有时可以省略。(1) She not only plays well, but also writes music.她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。(2) Not only men but
7、also women were chosen. 不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。假设连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。e.g.Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。not only 放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构。e.g.Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison.- 3 -这个可怜的人不仅被罚款，而且还被送进了监狱。be harmful to对 有害e.g.Smoking is harmful to the
8、health. 吸烟有损健康。Playing computer games much is harmful to students.电脑游戏玩太多对学生有害。3. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem.鲨鱼位于海洋生物系统食物链的顶部。at the top of 在.最高地位; 用最高最大的(速度, 声音等)e.g.I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly.我看他的头顶, 头发光亮, 分得平滑。He shoute
9、d at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard.他尽力大声叫喊, 以便别人能听见。4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.如果它们的数目降至过低，会给所有海洋生物带来危险。此句复数形式的 number 表达全海洋中鲨鱼的总量， 当 number 表示 “数量时， 是可数名词。 而且当 number表示数值的高或低时，要用high 或 low 修饰，常与 number 搭配的动词有 grow, fall等。e.g.In th
10、at country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village.在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇及农村要高。The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently.近来拥有轿车的家庭数量增长很快。【拓展】a number of 和 the number of 的区别a number of 是大量的，等于 a lot of 等一类的词，后面接名词复数，谓语动词用复数。- 4 -th
11、e number of 是.的数量，后面接名词复数，谓语动词用单数。e.g.A number of apples are red.许多苹果是红色的。The number of students is 2000.学生的数量是 2000 人。5. Environment protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about“finning.世界各地的环境保护组织，如野生救援协会和世界自然基金会，都在教育公众有关“猎翅的行为。(1) 句中 fin 本为名词，指 “鱼
12、鳍。此句中的finning 由动词化的 fin割鲨鱼鳍以获取鱼翅的-ing 形式转化而成，指课文中所陈述的 “猎翅这一行为。(2) WildAid和 WWF 组织WildAid美国野生救援协会是保护野生动物及栖息地环境的一个非盈利性的机构，1999 年注册成立，其宗旨是保护及救助世界范围内的野生动物；WWF世界自然基金会英文全称为 World Wide Fund forNature，成立于 1961 年，是享有国际盛誉，全球最大的独立性非政府环境保护组织之一。6.So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good
13、for health, so why eat them?so far 表示“到目前为止，迄今为止，是现在完成时havehas done 的标志。除 so far 之外，现在完成时的标志词还有：for, since, already, yet, recently和 in the lastpast few yearsmonthsdays,over theyearsmonthdays 等.e.g. So far we havent found out an effective way to cure Aids.迄今为止，我们还没有找到治疗艾滋病的有效方法。典例分析典例分析题型一：单项选择题型一：单项
14、选择【例 1】(2021 年山东中考We have to _ the bike ride because of the bad weather.A. put offB. turn offC. take offD. get off- 5 -【答案】A【例 2】(2021 年山东中考) -What _ the number of the students in your school？-About two thousand. A number of them _ from the countryside.A is; areB is; isC are; isD are; are【答案】A【例 3】(
15、2021 年广东中考)-What do you think of the new foreign teacher Thomson?-Pretty good, I think he _ a great job so far.A. doesB. didC. has doneD. was done【答案】C题型二：完成句子题型二：完成句子【例 4】抽烟对你的健康有害。Smoking is _ _ your health.【答案】harmful to【例 5】是时候采取行动保护环境了。 Its time to _ _ to protect the environment.【答案】take action
16、【例 6】那种动物位于食物链的顶端？Which animal is _ _ _ _ the food chain?【答案】at the top of【例 7】当地政府已经制定了法律来保护这些濒危的动物。The local government _ _ _ to protect the endangered animals.【答案】has developed laws【例 8】他喜欢参加户外活动。 He likes to _ _ _ outdoors activities.- 6 -【答案】take part in随堂练习I. 选择方框中适宜的单词填空soalthoughifbutwhen1.
17、Many people do not realize they are killing a whole shark _ they enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup.2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, _ if their numbers drop, the oceans ecosystem will be in danger.3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, _ they are wrong.4. _ there are no sc
18、ientific studies to support this, a lot of people believe that shark fins are good for health.5. Sharks may disappear one day_ we do not do something to stop the sale of shark fins.答案：1-5 when, so, but, Although, ifII. 按要求完成句子1.“Dont park your car here,the man told me. (改为间接引语)The man told me _ _ _
19、my car there.2.Tom left Shanghai two weeks ago because of his new job. (改为同义句)Tom _ _ _from Shanghai for two weeks because of his new job.3.He has cleaned the room.(改为被动句)The room _ _ _ by him.4.He used to drink too much cola.(改为否认句)He _ _ _ drink too much cola.5.To protect the environment, they dec
20、ided not to throw rubbish into the river.( 改为同义句)- 7 -_ _ _ protect the environment , they decided not to throw rubbish into the river.答案：1.not to park2.has been away3.has been cleaned4.didnt use to5.in order toIII. 补全对话A: Hi, Wang Ning! I didnt see you yesterday. _1._?B: Oh, I went to the cinema an
21、d saw a film.A: _2._?B: Its about animals.A: _3._?B: It was wonderful. But it also made me very sad.A: Did you learn a lot from the film?B: _4._. I learned a lot about the endangered(濒临灭绝的) animals. We cant seemost of them on earth today.A: Sorry to hear that.B: I think we should do something to sav
22、e them. Lets join the Love Animal Club first.A: _5._. I think the club must be helpful and interesting.B: Then we should do it as soon as possible.A: OK.答案：1.Where did you go?/What did you do?2.Whats it about?/What does it talk about?3.What do you think of it?/How do you like it?4.Yes, I did./Yes. /
23、Yes, of course.5.Good idea./I agree./All right./OK./Why not?8.2词汇运用三,知识梳理词汇运用之动词的时态和语态- 8 -考点 1：动词时态一般现在时时间状语：now, everyday, often, sometimes, once a week 结构：主语+dodoes+其他一般过去时时间状语：last, ago, just now结构：主语+did+其他现在进行时时间状语：now, look ,listen结构：主语+amisare+doing+其他过去进行时时间状语：while结构：主语+waswere+doing+其他一般将
24、来时时间状语：in the future, in +段时间;主将从现结构：主语+will+do+其他现在完成时时间状语：already, just, yet, so far, up to now , up till now, for + 段时间, since +点时间,in the last/past years, over the years, twice, many times结构：主语+havehas+done+其他考点 2：被动语态一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done一般过去时被动语态was/were done一般将来时被动语态will be done含情态动词的被动语态ca
25、n/ could/ should be done- 9 -典例分析典例分析题型一：动词时态题型一：动词时态【例 1】 When I was a child, I often _ (play) football in the street.【答案】played【例 2】If you_ (come) this afternoon, well have a meeting.【答案】comes【例 3】Actually , you _(feel) more relaxed if you talk with them face to face.【答案】will feel【例 4】Since then h
26、er life _(change) greatly.【答案】has changed【例 5】The students _ (write)busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left inthe office.【答案】were writing题型二：被动语态题型二：被动语态【例 1】She wanted to kill herself but _(save) by a doctor.【答案】was saved【例 2】If you dont know when and where you should _(look) after b
27、y yourself,you wont be able to stay away from illness.【答案】be looked【例 3】Although no return _(need),we should do something for parents.【答案】is needed【例 4】You can cheer yourself up and your time can _(save) in the following ways.【答案】be saved【例 5】Wechat provides safer and more convenient communication w
28、ays than QQ or Weibo.So it _(love) by many people.- 10 -【答案】is loved随堂练习随堂练习词汇运用sharksharmfallbringgroupespeciallystrongdiestopcatchtellwantMany have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is 1._popular in southernChina. But do you realize that youre killing a whole shark each time
29、you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?When people catch 2._, they cut off their fins and throw the shark back into the ocean. This methodis not only cruel, but also 3._to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly4._. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecos
30、ystem. If their numbers drop too low, it5._danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the6._in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks 7._ and traded in this industry everyyear. The numbers of some kinds of sharks 8._by over 90 percent
31、 in the last 20 to 30 years.Environmental protection 9._around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching thepublic about “finning. they have even asked governments to develop laws 10._the sale of shark fins.So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so w
32、hy eat them? Help save the sharks!答案：1.especially 2.sharks 3.harmful 4.dies 5.will bring 6.strongest 7.are caught 8.have fallen 9.groups 10.tostop课内检测课内检测根据材料内容选择最正确答案Were dinosaurs (恐龙) warm-blooded or cold-blooded? According to a new study, scientists have found thatthey were somewhere in the midd
33、le. This new study shows that dinosaurs were very different from most of todaysanimals that are either warm or cold-blooded.6- 11 -“I think we were all surprised by this,said Felisa Smith from the University of New Mexico. “The ideacertainly took some getting used to.The last dinosaurs lived on the
34、earth more than 60 million years ago. However, there is always more todiscover about these ancient animals.A study by a team of scientists led by John M. Grady of the university studied many different kinds ofdinosaurs in their research. They looked at growth rate ( 比率), body temperature and body si
35、ze of different kindsof dinosaurs.How are warm-blooded animals different from cold-blooded animals? Warm-blooded animals like humanscan control their body temperature. They eat a lot, and burn calories ( 卡路里) quickly. They have a more activelifestyle than cold-blooded animals. While cold-blooded ani
36、mals such as snakes do not control their bodytemperature. Instead, they must use sunlight to keep warm, and they move much more slowly. Cold-blooded animalsdo not need to eat very much. Their bodies slow down in colder temperatures.Dinosaurs were in the middle because they didnt completely control t
37、heir body temperature, but their bodytemperature didnt only depend on the environment either. This helped dinosaurs and allowed them to live for somany years.Besides dinosaurs, there are other animals that are not completely warm-blooded or cold-blooded, such asgreat white sharks.()1. According to t
38、he new study, _.A. dinosaurs were cold-bloodedB. dinosaurs were warm-bloodedC. dinosaurs were not completely warm-blooded or cold-bloodedD. some dinosaurs were warm-blooded and some were cold-blooded()2. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means that _.A. its bad news to get the ideaB. its good n
39、ews to get the ideaC. the idea is the same as what scientists predictedD. the idea is different from what people usually think()3. John M. Grady and his team studied many things about different kinds of dinosaurs EXCEPT their _.A. body sizeB. eating habit- 12 -C. growth rateD. body temperature()4. W
40、arm-blooded animals _. live an active life eat a lot need sunlight to keep warm dont control their body temperatureA. B. C. D. ()5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Great white sharks are cold-blooded.B. Most of todays animals are either warm or cold-blooded.C. Cold-blo
41、oded animals move slowly in colder temperatures.D. Dinosaurs body temperature didnt only depend on the environment.答案：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.A课后作业书面表达地球是我们的家园。作为地球的主人，我们应该好好保护它。假设你们学校下星期要举行一次演讲比赛，主题为“如何保护地球。请你根据以下提示，写一篇演讲稿。提示：1. 节约用水、用电；2. 节约纸张；3. 不乱丢杂物；4. 回收利用废品。要求：1. 根据提示内容进行写作，可适当发挥；2. 90 词左右。演讲稿的开头和结
42、尾已给出，不计入总词数。Hello, everyone!The earth is our home, so we should protect it well. To do this, we should do the following things in our dailylife._- 13 -_Thanks for listening!参考范文：Hello, everyone!The earth is our home, so we should protect it well. To do this, we should do the following things in our
43、daily life.First, save water and electricity. When you wash your hair, why not turn off the shower? When you leave theclassroom, turn off the lights. Second, I think saving paper is necessary. All used textbooks should be recycled, sofewer trees will be cut down. Thirdly, dont throw litter everywher
44、e and keep our environment clean. Lastly,every one of us should learn to recycle waste and cut down pollution.I believe if everyone plays a part in saving our environment, it will be more pleasant.Thanks for listening!文化视角文化视角世界最濒临灭绝的 12 种动物 1.北部白犀牛(Sumatran rhinocerous) 2.白鳍豚 3.苏门答腊虎4.奥里诺科鳄鱼 5.僧海豹(monk seal) 6.小嘴狐猴(Mouse lemur) 7.兰.坎皮海龟(L.Kemps Ridley Turtle)8.奥瑞纳克鳄鱼(Orinoco Crocodile9.泰国猪鼻蝙蝠(Kittis Hog-nosed Bat) 10.夏威夷蜗牛(genusAchatinella) 11.斯比克斯鹦鹉 12.微型猪(pigmyhog- 14 -
