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1、第11课时 八年级下册Units 34考点考点一一 以以could开头的表示请求的问句开头的表示请求的问句【课文原句】【课文原句】 Peter, could you please take out the rubbish？彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Sure, Mom.当然能，妈妈。当然能，妈妈。(八下八下P17) (1)could在此不表示过去，而是表示委婉语气，在此不表示过去，而是表示委婉语气，please后接后接动词原形。动词原形。(2)以以could开头的表示请求的问句，肯定回答可以用开头的表示请求的问句，肯定回答可以用“Sure./Of course./Certa
2、inly./My pleasure.”等，也可以用等，也可以用“.can/may”，不能用，不能用“.could”；否定回答可以用；否定回答可以用“Sorry.”并给出理由，也可以用并给出理由，也可以用“.cant/mustnt”，不能用，不能用“.couldnt”。Could you please help me with my homework？你能帮？你能帮我做作业吗？我做作业吗？Sure./Of course./Certainly.当然可以。当然可以。/Sorry, I cant. Im busy now.对不起，我不能。我现在很忙。对不起，我不能。我现在很忙。【注意】【注意】 其否定
3、结构是在其否定结构是在please后加后加not。 Could you please not play computer games？请你不要玩电？请你不要玩电脑游戏了好吗？脑游戏了好吗？(3)take out the rubbish意为意为“倒垃圾倒垃圾”。take out 意为意为“取出；取出；拿出拿出”。out 是副词，这类是副词，这类“及物动词副词及物动词副词”构成的短语可构成的短语可以带宾语，若宾语是名词，放在副词前后皆可；若宾语是以带宾语，若宾语是名词，放在副词前后皆可；若宾语是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。Please take your new b
4、ook out.Please take out your new book.请拿出你的新书。请拿出你的新书。The new books are in your desk, please take them out.新书新书在你的课桌里，请把它们拿出来。在你的课桌里，请把它们拿出来。1(2018湖北孝感中考湖北孝感中考)Could you come and help with our book sale, Alice? _ ANever mind BI think soCSure, Id love to DHave a good timeC考点考点二二 at least的用法的用法【课文原句】【
5、课文原句】 Could I at least finish watching this show？我可以至少看完这个节目吗？我可以至少看完这个节目吗？(八下八下P18)at least意为意为“至少，起码至少，起码”，通常指数量或程度。，通常指数量或程度。 Even if you cannot help him, you can give himencouragement at least.就算你不能帮助他，至少你可以就算你不能帮助他，至少你可以鼓励他。鼓励他。There are at least fifty students in the class.班里至少有五班里至少有五十个学生。十个学
6、生。2(2019预测预测)Anyone who reads Lorens business plan will quickly see some serious problems in it, or _ feel something is not right.Aat least Beven Cin fact DstillA考点考点三三 表示时间、距离等词作主语的用法表示时间、距离等词作主语的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 I think two hours of TV is enough for you！我认为看两个小时的电视对你来说足够了！我认为看两个小时的电视对你来说足够了！(八下八下P18
7、)two hours虽然为复数形式，但表示时间、距离、金额、度虽然为复数形式，但表示时间、距离、金额、度量等的词语作主语时，通常被视作一个整体，谓语动词要量等的词语作主语时，通常被视作一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式，因此这里用了用单数形式，因此这里用了is。 Twenty miles is a long way to walk.二十英里对于步行来说二十英里对于步行来说是一段很长的路。是一段很长的路。Three years is a short time. You have to study hard.三年的三年的时间很短，你要努力学习。时间很短，你要努力学习。考点考点四四 neither的用法
8、的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I整整一个星期她都没有做家务，我也没整整一个星期她都没有做家务，我也没有做。有做。(八下八下P19)(1)“neitherbe动词动词/助动词助动词/情态动词主语情态动词主语”结构，表示前结构，表示前者的否定情况也适用于后者。者的否定情况也适用于后者。(2)neither可作代词，意为可作代词，意为“两者都不两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。词通常用单数形式。Neither of them is a teacher.
9、他们两个都不是老师。他们两个都不是老师。(3)neither作连词时，常用于作连词时，常用于neither. nor.结构，意为结构，意为“既既不不也不也不”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数要与靠近它的主语一致。要与靠近它的主语一致。Neither I nor he knows it.我和他都不知道此事。我和他都不知道此事。3(2018四川达州中考四川达州中考)Why dont you get used to the life in Beijing? _ the crowded traffic _the high living cost. The only
10、reason is the badly polluted air.ANot only; but also BEither; orCBoth; and DNeither; norD4(2018山东东营垦利模拟山东东营垦利模拟)Mr. Smith has never been to Beijing. What about his wife? _ . She hopes to go there with her husband some day.ASo has she BSo is sheCNeither has she DNeither is sheC考点考点五五 as soon as的用法的用法
11、【课文原句】【课文原句】 My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下我妈妈就过来了。我一在电视机前坐下我妈妈就过来了。(八下八下P19)(1)as soon as“一一就就”，引导时间状语从句，相当于，引导时间状语从句，相当于“the minute (that).”。若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一。若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来。般现在时表示将来。Ill write to you as soon as I get there.我一到那里就给你写我一到那里就给你写信。信。(2)as soo
12、n as还有还有“尽快尽快”的意思，最常用的搭配是的意思，最常用的搭配是as soon as possible, as soon as you can。5(2018四川宜宾中考改编四川宜宾中考改编)She stopped talking _ her mother came into the room.Aas soon as Bunless Cthough DuntilA6(2018内蒙古巴彦淖尔模拟内蒙古巴彦淖尔模拟)Will you please show Helen around?Sure, Ill do it _ she arrives here.Auntil Bafter Cbefor
13、e Das soon asD考点考点六六 辨析辨析borrow, lend与与keep【课文原句】【课文原句】 Could I borrow that book？我能借那本书吗？我能借那本书吗？(八下八下P20)【辨析】【辨析】 borrow, lend与与 keep的的“借借”法有别！法有别！7(2018重庆市南模拟重庆市南模拟)Hi, Kate, you have _ my book for two weeks, and Maria needs it. I will_ it to her. Can you give it back now?Akept; lend Bborrow; lend
14、Cborrowed; lend Dkept; borrowA8(2016湖北荆州中考湖北荆州中考)Could you _ me your bike, Tom?OK. And you can _it for a week.Alend; keep Bborrow; lendClend; borrow Dborrow; keepA考点考点七七 while的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.你帮我洗餐具的时候我将完成我的作业。你帮我洗餐具的时候我将完成我的作业。(八下八下P20)(1)w
15、hile是连词，意为是连词，意为“在在期间；当期间；当的时候的时候”，引导，引导时间状语从句。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且常用时间状语从句。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且常用进行时态。进行时态。While I was doing my homework, my father came back home from work.当我正在做作业时，我爸爸下班回家了。当我正在做作业时，我爸爸下班回家了。(2)when引导时间状语从句，既可以表示引导时间状语从句，既可以表示“某一段时间某一段时间”，也，也可以表示可以表示“某一时刻某一时刻”，从句中谓语动词可以是延续性动词，从句中谓语动词可以是延续
16、性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。也可以是非延续性动词。When I arrived in Beijing, it was raining.我到达北京时，我到达北京时，天正在下雨。天正在下雨。Kate read the book when she went along.凯特一边走一边凯特一边走一边看书。看书。(3)当主句和从句都用进行时态时，连词用当主句和从句都用进行时态时，连词用while。My father is watching TV while I am doing my homework.我爸爸正在看电视，我正在做作业。我爸爸正在看电视，我正在做作业。9(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考改编黑
17、龙江齐齐哈尔中考改编)What were you and your father doing at 7：00 yesterday evening?I was doing my homework _ my father was reading newspapers.Awhen Bas soon asCwhile DsoC10(2018山东东营垦利模拟山东东营垦利模拟) _ his mother was cooking in the kitchen, the boy fell asleep in the chair.ASince BWhile CBecause DOnceB考点考点八八 in or
18、der to的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩和考入好的大学，他们应该把时间花在学为了取得好成绩和考入好的大学，他们应该把时间花在学业上。业上。(八下八下P22)in order to意为意为“为了为了”，表示目的，后面跟动词原形。其，表示目的，后面跟动词原形。其否定结构为否定结构为in order not to。He walked around in order to ke
19、ep warm.他来回走动是为他来回走动是为了保持身体暖和。了保持身体暖和。In order not to be late, he got up very early.为了不迟到，为了不迟到，他起床很早。他起床很早。11(2018广西贵港港南三模广西贵港港南三模)His parents work hard _ make more money.Aso that Bin order toCin order that Das a resultB考点考点九九 provide的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 It is the parents job to provide a clean and c
20、omfortable environment at home for their children.父母的父母的职责就是在家里给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境。职责就是在家里给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境。(八下八下P22)(1)Itbeones job/duty to do sth.表示表示“做某事是某人的职责做某事是某人的职责”，it是形式主语，动词不定式是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。短语是真正的主语。(2)provide和和offer的用法区别的用法区别首先在语义上，首先在语义上，provide仅表示仅表示“提供提供”，而，而offer强调强调“主主动提供动提供”。其
21、次在语法和搭配上，其次在语法和搭配上，offer后可跟双宾语，而后可跟双宾语，而provide后不可跟双宾语。后不可跟双宾语。最后在搭配上，最后在搭配上，offer可组成词组可组成词组offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb.; provide可组成短语可组成短语provide sb. with sth./provide sth. For sb.12(2018江苏泰州中考江苏泰州中考)Many tourists prefer fivestar hotels because they think expensive hotels always _ guests with b
22、etter service.Aprevent BprotectCpresent DprovideD13(2016广西玉林中考广西玉林中考)Some people think its the parents job to _ their children _ a clean and comfortable environment at home.Aoffer; to Boffer; withCprovide; with Dprovide; toC考点考点十十 depend on的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 Children these days depend on their paren
23、ts too much.现在的孩子都过度依赖父母。现在的孩子都过度依赖父母。(八下八下P22)(1)depend on意为意为“依靠；信赖依靠；信赖”。The price depends on the quality.价格取决于质量。价格取决于质量。(2)It (all) depends.视情况而定。视情况而定。(口语口语)14(2018湖北宜昌中考湖北宜昌中考)A research suggests that walking helps people live longer.I quite agree, but it _ on when and how they walk.Aremains
24、BseparatesCreturns DdependsD15(2018安徽中考安徽中考)Its said that shopping online is safe. _ . Youd better be careful.AI agree BThat dependsCI think so DNo problemB16(2018山东日照模拟山东日照模拟)Are you going to have a parttime job during the summer vacation?Yes. I think I shouldnt always _ my parents since Ive grown
25、up.Afight against Bdepend onChear from Dargue withB考点考点十一十一 allow的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。(八下八下P25)allow“允许允许”这么用这么用 【注意】【注意】 allow sb. to do sth.中中sb.作宾语，动词不定式作作宾语，动词不定式作宾语补足语；宾语补足语；allow doing sth.中中doing sth.是动名词短语
26、作是动名词短语作宾语。宾语。17(2018黑龙江绥化中考改编黑龙江绥化中考改编)My mother doesnt allow me _ outside too late on school nights.Ato stay BstayCstaying DstaysA18(2018湖北孝感中考湖北孝感中考)Attention, please! Without permission, children are not allowed _ alone here.Ato swim BswimmingCswim DswamA考点考点十二十二 “Why dont you do sth.？”句型句型【课文原句
27、】【课文原句】 Why dont you go to sleep earlier this evening？今晚你为什么不早点儿睡觉呢？今晚你为什么不早点儿睡觉呢？(八下八下P25)“Why dont you do sth.？”常用来向对方提出建议，相当于常用来向对方提出建议，相当于“Why not do sth.？”肯定答语用肯定答语用“Good idea./Good./All right./Sure.”等；否定答语用等；否定答语用“No, I dont think so./Sorry, I cant.”等。等。19(2018重庆模拟六重庆模拟六)Bob, Im not good at En
28、glish. What should I do?Why not _ an English club to practice _English?Ato join; speaking Bjoin; to speakCto join; to speak Djoin; speakingD考点考点十三十三 look through的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.唉，我发现我妹妹昨天翻我的东西。唉，我发现我妹妹昨天翻我的东西。(八下八下P26)(1)look through意为意为
29、“快速查看；浏览快速查看；浏览”。Its a good habit to look through newspapers every day.每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。(2)look与其他介词或副词构成的短语。与其他介词或副词构成的短语。look up查找查找look after照顾照顾look up to尊敬；敬仰尊敬；敬仰 look out小心；向外看小心；向外看20(2018重庆模拟六重庆模拟六)Our teacher often asks us to _ test paper before the listening test begins.Alook out B
30、look afterClook up Dlook throughD21(2018江苏盐城东台模拟江苏盐城东台模拟)Andy, would you please _ the report for me and see if there is any mistake?Of course I will.Alook around Blook throughClook up Dlook afterB考点考点十四十四 get on with的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 My problem is that I cant get on with my family.我的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处。我
31、的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处。(八下八下P27)get on with意为意为“与与相处相处”，也可说，也可说get along with。常。常考句型为考句型为“How are you getting on/along with.？”你和你和相处得怎么样？相处得怎么样？I am sure you can get on very well with him.我相信你一定我相信你一定会跟他相处得很好的。会跟他相处得很好的。考点考点十五十五 instead和和whatever的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 Instead he watches whatever he wants until
32、late at night.然而，他倒是看自己想看的任何节目一直到深然而，他倒是看自己想看的任何节目一直到深夜。夜。(八下八下P27)(1)instead是副词，意为是副词，意为“代替；然而；却代替；然而；却”。He is tired, let me do it instead.他累了，让我代做吧。他累了，让我代做吧。【辨析】【辨析】 instead 和和instead of不可不可“替代替代”！(2)whatever“任何；每一任何；每一”，在该句中作连接代词，连接宾，在该句中作连接代词，连接宾语从句。除了语从句。除了whatever之外，类似的词还有之外，类似的词还有whenever“无论
33、无论什么时候什么时候”；however “无论怎么样无论怎么样”；wherever“无论哪儿无论哪儿”等，这一类词主要用于引导让步状语从句。等，这一类词主要用于引导让步状语从句。You can show whatever you have.你有什么就展示什么吧。你有什么就展示什么吧。Whatever you say, I can not agree with you.无论你说什么，无论你说什么，我都不会同意你的。我都不会同意你的。Wherever you go, you should call me.无论你去哪里，你都无论你去哪里，你都应该给我打个电话。应该给我打个电话。22(2018云南曲靖
34、中考云南曲靖中考)Imagine youre Yu Gong, what could you do _ moving the mountains?Ain the middle of Binstead ofCacross from Dup toB23(2018广东东莞月考广东东莞月考)If you cant get to sleep, then get up and try to do something _ lying in bed.Aand BorCinstead of Dbecause ofC考点考点十六十六 compare的用法的用法【课文原句】【课文原句】 And they are a
35、lways comparing them with other children.而且她们总是将他们与别的孩子做比较。而且她们总是将他们与别的孩子做比较。(八下八下P30)Compare this book with that book.比较一下这本书与那本比较一下这本书与那本书。书。We often compare books to our friends.我们经常把书籍比我们经常把书籍比作我们的朋友。作我们的朋友。24(2018安徽安庆桐城模拟安徽安庆桐城模拟)If you always _ yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.I agree. We should believe in ourselves.Acompare Bcomplain Cconnect DconsiderA
