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1、第8讲八年级(上)Units 78山西专用山西专用1pollute(v.) (n.)污染；污染物2believe(v.) (n.)相信；信仰3disagree(v.) (反义词)同意；赞成；应允 (过去式/过去分词) (现在分词)不同意；持不同意见；有分歧 (n.)意见不一；分歧；争论4fall(v.) (过去式) (过去分词) (现在分词)倒塌；跌倒；掉落5main(adj.) (adv.)主要地；总体上；大致6foreign(adj.) (n.)外国人7able(adj.) (n.)能力；才能 (反义词)丧失能力的；有残疾的8own(adj.& pron.) (n.)物主；主人pollut
2、ionbeliefagreedisagreeddisagreeingdisagreementfellfallenfallingmainlyforeignerabilitydisabledowner9possible(adj.) (反义词)不可能存在或发生的；不可能的 (adv.)可能；或许 (n.)可能；可能性10probable (adj.) (adv.) 很可能；大概11final(adj.) (adv.)最后；最终12shake(n. & v) (过去式) (过去分词) (现在分词)摇动；抖动13add.(v.) (n.)加；增加；加法14peace(n.) (adj.) 和平的；安宁的
3、 (adv.) 平静地；安宁地15danger (n.) _(adj.) 有危险的；不安全的 (n.反义词)安全16Japan(n.) (n.) 日本人；日语 (adj.) 日本的，日本人的；日语的impossiblepossiblypossibilityprobablyfinallyshookshakenshakingaddingpeacefulpeacefullydangeroussafetyJapaneseJapanese17spoon (n.) _(n.) 一匙；一匙的量18salt(n.) (adj.)含盐的；咸的19tradition(n.) (adj.)传统的；惯例的20advi
4、ce(n.) (v.)劝告；建议21experience(n.) (pl.)经历 (adj.)有经验的；有阅历的；有见识的；熟练的22dig(v.) (过去式/过去分词) (现在分词)掘(地)；凿(洞)；挖(土)23travel(v. & n) (过去式/过去分词)_ (现在分词)旅行；游历_ (n.)漂泊者；旅行者；游客spoonfulsaltytraditionaladviseexperiencesexperienceddugdiggingtraveled/travelledtraveling/travellingtraveler/traveller24celebrate(v.) (过去式
5、/过去分词) (现在分词)庆祝；庆贺 (n.)庆祝或祝贺(的活动或场合)25mix(v.) (过去式/过去分词) (现在分词)(使)混合；融合 (n.)混合；混合状态；混合物celebratedcelebratingcelebrationmixedmixingmixture1参与(某事)；发挥作用_2未来，将来_3太空站_4多次，反复地_5醒来，唤醒_6不同意_7突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌_8寻找，寻求_9奶昔_10接通；打开_11把倒入_12取出，拿出_13一片(块，张)_14用装满_play a partin the futurespace stationover and over againw
6、ake updisagree withfall downlook formilk shaketurn onpour.into.take outa piece offill.with.1_ people_money _？“100年后人们还会使用钱吗？”No，_Everything will _“不会。一切都是免费的。”2Will people _200 years old？“人们会活到两百岁吗？”Yes，_“是的，人们会。”3Everyone should _the earth.每一个人都应当尽一份力来拯救地球。4_world peace？“世界会和平吗？”Yes，I _ “会的，我希望如此。”
7、Willusein 100 yearsthey wontbe freelive to bethey willplay a part in savingWill there behope so5Today _already robots _in factories.现在已经有机器人在工厂工作了。6For example，scientist James White thinks that robots _be able to _and know where they are.例如，科学家詹姆斯怀特认为机器人将决不会醒来并知道它们在哪里。7_will look like humans，and _mi
8、ght look like animals.一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像动物。8_a banana milk shake？你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？9_do we need？我们需要多少苹果？10Do you know _ plant a tree？你知道如何种树吗？11Now，_the rice noodles！现在，到了享受米线的时候了！there areworkingwill neverwake upSomeothersHow do you makeHow many appleshow toits time to enjoy作出预测(Make predictions)1Do you
9、 think there will be robots in peoples homes?Yes，there will.I think every home will have a robot.2What will the future be like?Cities will be more polluted.And there will be fewer trees.描述过程和遵循指示(Describe a process and follow instructions)1How do you make a banana milk shake?First，peel the banana.Ne
10、xt，put the bananas in the blender.Then，pour the milk into the blender.Finally，turn on the blender.2How many bananas do we need?We need three bananas.1一般将来一般将来时II(will)(见本本书P194)2祈使祈使语气气(见本本书P201)3可数和不可数名可数和不可数名词(见本本书P157)4how much与与how many(见本本书P202)5副副词的序列的序列(见本本书P181)1Have you finished the poster
11、for the party?Not yet.I _it in two days.(2015，山西21题)Afinish BfinishedCwill finish2Its said that a college student had a _to Tibet with 500 yuan for a month.How surprising！Once you have an idea to go somewhere，do it！(2014，山西17题)Amatch Btravel Cchange CBpaper【典例在线】【典例在线】a piece of paper一张纸；一张纸；two pie
12、ces of paper两张纸两张纸Where are my exam papers？I cant find them.我我的的试试卷卷在在哪哪里里？我我找找不不到到它它们了。们了。【拓展精析】【拓展精析】paper表表示示“纸；纸张”时，为不不可可数数名名词。若若表表示示纸张的的数数量量时，通通常常用用.piece(s) of。paper还可可作作可可数数名名词，意意为“报纸；试卷卷；论文文”等等。其其复复数数形形式式为papers。【活学活用】1)Please pick up the _.Dont keep it on the floor.Apaper Bboxes Cbooks Dbot
13、tles2)Can I help you?Id like to have 100 _.I want my students to draw pictures.Apiece of paper Bpieces of paperCpieces of papers Dpiece of papersABkeep【典例在线】Its our duty to keep the classroom clean.保持教室干净是我们的职责。The clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak.聪明的猴王一直为了帮助弱者而战斗。Sometimes he can
14、make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时他把棒子变得很小以至于能藏在耳朵里。The clocks loud ticking kept me from sleeping last night.昨晚，闹钟的滴答声吵得我睡不着。【拓展精析】keep sb./sth.形容词，使某人或某物保持某种状态。keep sb./sth.介词短语，使某人或某物保留在某地。keep (sb.) doing sth.(使某人)反复地/不停地做某事。keep sb.from doing sth.防止或阻止某人做某事，相当于stop/prevent
15、 sb.from doing sth.。相关短语：keep in touch with保持联系；keep ones cool沉住气，保持冷静；keep.away from避免接近，远离。【活学活用】【活学活用】3)Its our duty to keep the environment _being polluted.Awith Bfrom Cto4)你你认为我我们青少年青少年应该远离网离网络吗？(2015，黄冈黄冈)Do you think we teenagers should _the Internet？(keep)Bkeep away fromfill【典例在线】Please fill
16、 the glass with water.请把杯子装满水。The glass is filled with water.The glass is full of water.玻璃杯里装满了水。【拓展精析】fill动词，意为“(使)充满；装满”，常用于“fill.with.”结构中，意为“用把装满”，强调动作的过程。full为fill的形容词形式，意为“装满的；充满的”。常用短语：be filled withbe full of装满；充满；填满。【活学活用】5)When I heard my baby girl say her first word，my heart was _with joy
17、.Afilled BpreparedCshown DfullAhundreds of【典例在线】They agree it may take hundreds of years.他们一致认为这可能要花几百年的时间。Over two hundred students visited the farm last Sunday.上个星期天有两百多名学生参观了农场。【拓展精析】hundred，thousand，million，billion为数量单位，当与具体的数字连用时，本身不加s，其后加名词复数形式。当表示不确定数目，意为“数以百计、数以千计、数以百万计”时，本身加s，并与of连用，其后也加名词复
18、数形式。【活学活用】6)When he arrived at the airport，Lee Minho found that _(数百) fans were waiting for him there.7)Sam enjoys collecting.He has collected over three _(百) stamps.8)There are _students in our school.(2016，邵阳)Ahundreds Bhundreds of Chundred ofhundreds ofhundredBThere will be less free time.空闲时间将会更
19、少。【典例在线】People will have robots in their homes.人们家里将会有机器人。I think there will be fewer trees.我认为树将会更少。Im going to study math really hard.我打算努力学数学。【拓展精析】一般将来时：will/be going to动词原形，表示“将要做什么”。表有计划性进行或迹象表明通常用be going to。There will be.There is going to be.是there be句型的一般将来时，意为“(某地/某时)将会有”。【活学活用】1)There _a
20、sports meeting in our school next month.(2016，湘潭)Awill be Bwill have Cis going to haveAWill people use money in 100 years？一百年后人们还会用钱(币)吗？【典例在线】Theyll leave for London in two weeks.两周后他们将前往伦敦。Well come back after six oclock.我们将在六点之后回来。She got there after three days.她三天后到达了那里。【拓展精析】in与after都可以表示时间。“in
21、一段时间”，用来表示从现在算起的“过一段时间以后”，常用于一般将来时的肯定句中。通常与go，come，start，arrive，return，finish等表示瞬间动作的终止性动词连用。常用来回答“How soon.？”的问句。“after一段时间”用来表示从过去算起的“过一段时间以后”，谓语动词用一般过去时，不可用一般将来时；“after具体时间或某一具体事项”作时间状语时，谓语动词可用一般过去时，也可用一般将来时。【活学活用】2)Her birthday is _winter，the most beautiful season in a year.(2016，株洲)Ain Bat Con3
22、)The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come _four days.(2015，安徽)Aafter Bfor Cduring DinADmore，fewer与less【典例在线】You can use less water and plant more trees.你可以用更少的水，种更多的树。People will have more free time because there will be fewer things to do.因为会有更少的事情要做，人们将会有更多的空闲时间。【拓展精析】more意为“更多”，是many，much的比较级
23、，既修饰可数名词复数，又修饰不可数名词。fewer意为“更少”，是few的比较级，修饰可数名词复数。less意为“更少”，是little的比较级，修饰不可数名词。【注意】the most意为“最多”，是many，much的最高级；the fewest，the least意为“最少”，分别是few，little的最高级。【活学活用】1)Playing video games is a waste of time.I cant agree more.There are _meaningful things to do.(2016，苏州)Athe most Bthe least Cmore Dles
24、s2)We all like Lucy as she is always thinking _of others than herself.(2016，泰安)Aless Bmuch more Cmuch Dbetter3)Bob is a smart boss!Yes，so he is.He knows how to cut the cost of the project.And he always does the work with _ money and people.(2016，衡阳)Aless；less Bfewer；less Cless；fewerCBCyet与already【典例
25、在线】I have finished reading the book already.我已经读完这本书了。Have you found the book yet？你已经找到那本书了吗？Not yet.还没找到。She hasnt finished her homework yet.她还没有做完她的作业。【拓展精析】already常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”；yet常用于疑问句或否定句中，在疑问句中意为“已经”，在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。【活学活用】4)The 3D Titanic is a moving film.My parents have seen it twice_Ayet
26、Balready Cnever Dalmost5)Have you been to Shanghai _?Yes，Ive been there twice.Aalready；already Balready；yetCyet；already Dyet；yetCBanother与more【典例在线】Add the cabbage，tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上10分钟。There isnt enough meat，we need some more.肉不够，我们需要再多一些。【拓展精析】两者
27、都指在原来的基础上再增加一些，但所处的位置不同：another基数词名词；基词数more名词。【活学活用】6)If you prefer the red evening dress，youll have to pay _(又，再) 30 dollars，because its made of silk.7)Do you have enough students to clean the laboratory?No.I think we need two _students.anothermoreturn down，turn off，turn up与turn on【典例在线】The radio
28、is very loud.Can you turn it down a little，please？收音机声音太大，你能调小一点儿吗？Please turn off/on the radio.请把收音机关上/打开。She sat down and turned up the radio.她坐下来，把收音机的声音调大了。【拓展精析】turn down表示“关小；调低(音量)”；turn off表示“关掉”；turn up表示“开大；调高(音量)”；turn on表示“打开”。turn on与turn off；turn up与turn down均互为反义词组。注意：on，off，up，down这四个词都是副词，在使用过程中，当宾语为代词时，只能置于动词和副词之间；当宾语为名词时，既可置于动词和副词之间，也可置于副词之后。【活学活用】8)Would you like to attend the farewell party next week，Mr.Huang?Sure，Id love to.I have no reason to _your invitation.(2016，黄冈)Aturn down Bturn offCturn up Dturn on A
