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1、动词不定式的基本形式动词不定式的基本形式动词不定式动词不定式否定形式否定形式被动形式被动形式进行时进行时完成时完成时to do not to doto be doneto be doingto have done5.作表语6.作状语不不定定式式3.作宾语补足语1.作主语2.作宾语4.作定语不定式的功能他的梦想是结婚他的梦想是结婚,得到一份工作得到一份工作. His dream is to get a job and get married.“生活中没有什么可怕的东西生活中没有什么可怕的东西, ,只有需要理解的东西只有需要理解的东西.”.”“Nothing in life is to be fe
2、ared; it is only to be understood.”In order to get a good job, I need a university diploma.In order not to let myself down, I must make every effort. 要有好工作要有好工作,我得有张大学文凭我得有张大学文凭.为了不使自己失望为了不使自己失望,我必须尽一切努力我必须尽一切努力.To see is to believe . To lose heart means failure. Its a good habit to get up early.Its
3、 necessary for us to drink water as often as possible.1. 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语( Subject)：注：注：1.1.动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2. 2.如果动词不定式太长，常把如果动词不定式太长，常把itit用作形式主用作形式主语语。hope, wish, want, promise, agree, decide , plan , refuse, manage, determine, fail, hurry2. 动词不定式作宾语：动词不定式作宾语：I find it intere
4、sting to work with him .He felt it a hard task to finish it on time.e.g. I promise to finish the homework on time.want, ask, teach, promise, tell, allow, permit, forbid, advise, persuade; order; invite 3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语：动词不定式作宾语补足语：The teacher advised us to read every morning.注：注：但感官动词但感官动词( (see, obse
5、rve, hear, find .) .)，使役动词使役动词( (make, let, have) )后省略后省略 to to作宾补，在作宾补，在被动语态中加回被动语态中加回toto。I noticed him leave.=He was noticed to leave by me.I have some books for you to read . Please give me a knife to cut with . She is looking for a room to live in .4. 不定式作定语不定式作定语注：注：1 1不定式作定语时，与其修饰的词往往有不定式作定语时
6、，与其修饰的词往往有动宾动宾关系。关系。 2 2不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作。不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作。比较比较: I have some clothes to wash. I have some clothes to be washed.如果句子的主语是不定式的执行者，不定式用主动。如果句子的主语是不定式的执行者，不定式用主动。如果句子的主语不是不定式的执行者，不定式用被动。如果句子的主语不是不定式的执行者，不定式用被动。5.不定式作表语不定式作表语My job is to help the patient .The only thing I can do is to stu
7、dy hard. 6. 6. 动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语 Im saving up to buy a computer.1 表示目的表示目的_ pass the exam，he worked very hard.In order toso as to 不可以置于句首不可以置于句首目的状语还可以用目的状语还可以用in order to或或so as to来表示来表示不定式表示结果常见于下列句型不定式表示结果常见于下列句型2 表示结果表示结果1)only to doHe lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.2)enough to doH
8、e didnt run fast enough to catch the train. 3)too.to doHis eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.4)so.as to doWould you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?5)such.as to doWe are not such fools as to believe him.3.不定式作原因状语不定式作原因状语：通常用来表示情绪方通常用来表示情绪方面的。面的。I am sorry to hear that.I am glad
9、to see you.We were very excited to hear the news1.1.灰心意味着失败灰心意味着失败To lose heart means failure.2.2.分析明显存在的东西需要非凡的头脑分析明显存在的东西需要非凡的头脑It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.3.3.医生预测我只有两年可以活了医生预测我只有两年可以活了The doctor predicted that I had only two years to live.4. 4. 对我而言下一件大事就是娶我
10、爱的那个女孩对我而言下一件大事就是娶我爱的那个女孩The next big thing for me is to marry the girl I love.为了学好英语，我们除了说英语外别无选择为了学好英语，我们除了说英语外别无选择We have no choice but to speak English so as to learn English well.动词不定式考点动词不定式考点1.作作状语状语2.不定式的不定式的主被动主被动形式形式3. it 作形式主语作形式主语/宾语的句型宾语的句型4. 不定式的不定式的省略省略问题问题5.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词加不定式加不定式Do you h
11、ave anything to send?Do you have anything to be sent?如果句子的主语是不定式的执行者，不定式用主动。如果句子的主语是不定式的执行者，不定式用主动。如果句子的主语不是不定式的执行者，不定式用被动。如果句子的主语不是不定式的执行者，不定式用被动。作定语不定式和特殊疑问词不定式和特殊疑问词 who, when， what, which, why 等连用也可在句中作等连用也可在句中作主，宾，表。主，宾，表。The question is how to do the job well.When to leave and where to go have
12、nt been decided.He told me where to find the book.Homework: recite the following sentences1. It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.2. Doctors predicted that he had only one year to live.3. The next big thing for me is to marry the girl I love.4. We have no choice but to s
13、peak English so as to learn it well.5. I find it difficult to recite these sentences.1.-Can the project be finished as planned? -Sure,_ it completed in time, well work two more hours a day. A.having got B. to get C. getting D. get B._(finish) the work in time, we had a good rest. C.2. He hurried to
14、the station _ the train had left.D.only to find B. finding C. found D. to find E.3. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas.F.A. in order to receive B. so as to be receivedG.C. in order to be received D. so as to receive 幻灯片幻灯片 13to getonly to findB CFinishing1.Your work m
15、ust be handed in as soon as possible so as to be corrected in time.2.Reading English aloud every morning seems to me a rule _.A. to never break B. never to be breakingC. never to be broken D. never breaking3.-Mum,what are you doing? -I am doing some washing. Do you have something _(wash) -Oh, I am h
16、ungry. I want to have something _幻灯片 13to be correctednever to be brokento be washedto eatIt is essential to memorize new words and phrasesI find it easy to get on well with you.1.Wand Dong wanted to surf the Internet, but his father told him_.A not to do B. not do it C. do not to D. not to 2.-Would
17、 you like to join us in the game?-Id _. But I have to go to the teachers office.3. -Do you like reading love novels? No, but I _4.To learn English well, we have to speak every day. we could do nothing but wait .not tolike toused tohave no choice but to speak5.Yesterday I heard her sing the English s
18、ong -Love Paradise. ( see/watch/notice/observe sb. do She was heard to sing6.The teachers make you do a lot of practice.have you doMay I ask what I should do next?-May I ask what to do next? When to leave and where to go hasnt been decided.5.不定式作表语不定式作表语My job is to help the patient .作表语的不定式带作表语的不定式
19、带to与不带与不带to:作表语的不定式通常带作表语的不定式通常带to，当主语部分含有实，当主语部分含有实义动词义动词do，不定式作表语可省，不定式作表语可省to。The only thing I can do is (to) wait.All you have to do is (to) press the button.1.一个人不可能一辈子不犯错误，但要尽量少犯错误。(asas possible)2.中国政府决定向艾滋病患者免费提供药品。(suffer)3.你觉得年轻人借钱买汽车是否明智? (feel itsensible)4.那位老科学家呼吁政府采取措施来保护那座古镇。(appeal that)5.每一位消费者应该懂得如何保护自己的合法权益。(how to)6.广州人一般很难适应北方气候，尤其是冬天。(adapt)
