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1、中医学术论文写作中医学术论文写作兰凤利兰凤利上海中医药大学上海中医药大学2024/7/251中医学术论文英文写作中医学术论文英文写作n1写作目的写作目的n2论文结构论文结构n3写作要求写作要求n4写作方法写作方法2024/7/2521.写作目的写作目的n发表在国际知名学术期刊，如发表在国际知名学术期刊，如SCI收录期刊。收录期刊。n与中医药有关的与中医药有关的SCI期刊（按期刊（按2005年收录分析）年收录分析）（IF/2004年）：年）：n(1)JournalofAlternativeandComplementaryMedicine（1.401）n(2)ComplementaryTherap
2、iesinMedicine(1.317)(3)AlternativeTherapiesinHealthandMedicine(0.971)(4)AmericanJournalofChineseMedicine(0.593)(5)Acupuncture&Electro-TherapeuticsResearch（0.341）2024/7/2532 论文结构论文结构 (structure/format)n2.1扉页扉页(titlepage)n2.2正文正文(mainbody)n2.3附录附录(appendix)2024/7/2542.1 Title Page 扉页 (TAA)nTitlenAutho
3、rsfullnameandprofessionaladdressnAbstractorSummaryObjective,Method,Results,ConclusionnKeywordsn(Supported/funded/granted/sponsoredbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundation(标书号、标书号、合同号等）合同号等）/AprojectfundedbytheNational“863”Program) 2024/7/2552.2 Main Body 正文(IMRaD)nIntroductionnMaterialsandmethodsnResul
4、ts(and)nDiscussionn(Conclusion)2024/7/2562.3 Appendix 附录nAcknowledgementnReferences2024/7/2573写作要求写作要求(Requirements)nTheUniformRequirementsforManuscriptsSubmittedtoBiomedicalJournals(URMSBJ,5thEd.,1997)formulatedbyTheInternationalCommitteeofMedicalJournalEditors(ICMJE):2024/7/2583.1 Introduction 引言n
5、Thepurposeofanintroductionistobringthereaderintothegeneralareaofyourstudyandthenstatethespecificareaofstudy(movefromthegeneraltothespecific).Theintroductionshowsthescopeofyourinvestigationefforts.2024/7/259Introduction200 wordsn背景背景Statementofgeneralareaorhistoryofproblemn意义意义Statementofimportanceor
6、needn进展进展Statementofpreviousfindings,reportsorstudies(citations)n目的目的Statementofpurposeofcurrentstudyn范围范围Statementofspecificareaofproblemtobestudied2024/7/25103.2 Materials and Methods 材料与方法nReadersmustbeabletoreproduceyourresults,evaluatethevalidityofyourresultsandthesoundnessofyourmethods,andfoll
7、owthelogicinthepaper. 2024/7/2511Materials and Methodsn简要说明研究设计（简要说明研究设计（Studydesign）n详细说明研究对象：详细说明研究对象：Patients,Subjects,healthyvolunteers,animals(sex,age,species,breed,physiologicalstate,etc.)n随机分组方法和选择标准（随机分组方法和选择标准（Methodsofanyrandomassignmentofsubjectstogroupsandcriteriaforadmissiontostudygroup
8、s）n药物（药物（Drug）,激素（激素（hormone）,试剂（试剂（reagent）,其它其它化学品（化学品（otherchemicals）,商标（商标（trademark）,生产厂生产厂家（家（manufacturer）及所在地（）及所在地（location）n简要说明测定方法（简要说明测定方法（Methodofmeasurement）n简要说明统计分析方法（简要说明统计分析方法（Methodofstatisticalanalysis）2024/7/2512Materials and MethodsnApprovalfrom“InstitutionalReviewBoard”(“info
9、rmedconsent”frompatientsandexplanationon“AnimalWelfareAct”)nRandomizedControlledTrial,RCT:JAMA1996;276:637-639或或www.consort-statement.org/statement.HtmnPasttense2024/7/25133.3 Results 结果nThissectiontellsthereaderwhathappenedinyourwork.Remember:letyourresultsspeakforthemselvesanddontembellish(leaveth
10、atforDiscussionsection) 2024/7/2514ResultsnOverviewoftheresultsnStatisticalsignificancenStatisticalsupport, such as figures, tables, pictures, etc.2024/7/2515ResultsnInchronologicalordernIntegrated,clear,pithy,correlated,andlogicalnPasttensen(presenttense:truthorwell-knownfact,e.g.Erectiledysfunctio
11、niscommoninmenwithdiabetes.)nSignificant/significance: 2024/7/2516nPointsforattention: Such expressions as “Theresultstendedtobegreaterthan”,“showednopromisingtrends”,“Itcould/mightbeinhibitedby” should be avoided.2024/7/25173.4 Discussion 讨论nTheauthorshouldtellthereaderwhattheresultsmeanbyplacingth
12、eminthecontextofpreviouspublishedstudiesoftheproblem.2024/7/2518Discussionn简要说明研究背景简要说明研究背景(Background)n简要介绍总的发现简要介绍总的发现(Generalfindings)n介绍具体要点介绍具体要点(Introductionofpoints)n与先有发现与先有发现(若有若有)进行比较进行比较(Comparisoninthecontextofotherstudies)n意义意义(Suggestedmeaning)n结论结论(Conclusion):Weconcludethatn前瞻研究前瞻研究(
13、Futurestudies)2024/7/2519DiscussionnTensen分清实验过程和结果（分清实验过程和结果（pasttense）与）与分析意见（分析意见（presenttense）；）；n他人研究结果（他人研究结果（pasttense或或presentperfect）与本研究结果（）与本研究结果（pasttense）；）；n普遍适用的结论（普遍适用的结论（presenttense）与）与只适用本研究的结论（只适用本研究的结论（pasttense）；）；2024/7/2520DiscussionnTheUseofParenthesis:however,webelieve/thin
14、k/consider,toourknowledge,inourexperience(practice)n避免含糊的倾向避免含糊的倾向：Theseresultsseemtosuggestthatoralsildenafilcouldbeusefulinsomeselectedpopulationsandcertainconditions.2024/7/25213.5 Acknowledgement 致谢nAlwaysgetthepersonsapprovalofyourintentiontomentionhimintheacknowledgementandoftheforminwhichyouw
15、illpresenttheacknowledgement.2024/7/2522AcknowledgementnThisstudywassupportedbyMedicalResearchFundsfromStateAdministrationofTraditionalChineseMedicine.nDr.WangwassupportedbyaNationalResearchCouncilAssociate-ship.nWethankLiYunlongforhisassistancewithtechnicalaspectsofthisstudy.nWearegratefultoMeiMeif
16、or assistanceinpreparingthemanuscript.2024/7/25233.6 References 参考文献nReferencestylesshouldbespecifictoeachjournal. nReferences: Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals www.acponline.org/journals/resource/unifrqr.htmnE.g.2024/7/2524nVegaKJ,PinaI,KreveskyB.Heart transplan
17、tation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease.AnnInternMed1996Jun1;124(11):980-3. (标准杂志文章)nRingsvenMK,BondD.Gerontology and leadership skills for nurse.2nded.Albany(NY):Delmarpublisher;1996. (作者为个人的书或专著) nNormanIJ,RedfernSJ,editors.Mental health care for elderly people.New
18、York:ChurchillLivingstone;1996. (有主编的书或专著)2024/7/2525References 参考文献n在排印中在排印中（InPress/Forthcoming）,e.g.nLeshnerAl.Molecularmechanismsofcocaineaddiction.NEnglJMed.InPress1996.n个人交流个人交流（personalcommunication），尽量避免），尽量避免使用（使用（ICMJE），如确需使用，可采用以下形式：），如确需使用，可采用以下形式：nInaletterreceivedfromRobertJGlynn,MD.in
19、January2005,hestatedthatnInaconversationinMarch2006,DenisAEvans,MDreportedthatnOurfindingsinthisaspectofthestudyagreewiththoseofPaulAScherr,PhD(writtencommunication,September2005)2024/7/25263.7 others 其它n插图说明：插图说明：Typeorprintoutlegendsforillustrationsusingdoublespacing,startingonaseparatepage.n插图：插图
20、：Designyourfiguresfortheappropriatereduction.n表格：表格：Atableshouldbetotallyself-containedunitofinformation.2024/7/25274英文写作英文写作n4.1论文写作论文写作ABCn4.2论文标题的撰写论文标题的撰写n4.3论文摘要的翻译与写作论文摘要的翻译与写作2024/7/25284.1写作写作ABCn4.1.1 Passive or active?nPatientswereinstructedontheuseoforalsildenafil.Bloodlevelsweremonitored
21、everyfourhours.nWeinstructedeachpatientonuseoforalsildenafilandshowedpatientshowtorecordbloodglucosevalueseveryfourhours.2024/7/2529n4.1.2WeorI?(singleauthor)n“ResolvetotakethegreatleapandsayI.Everybodyshouldbynowrecognizethatamaskismoreconspicuousthanaface.” Wilson Follett, Modern American UsagenTh
22、eauthor(I)nThisstudy,thisreport,thisresearch,thisthesis(I)2024/7/2530n4.1.3 写作写作ABCnPrewriting:toselectajournal,andread“InstructionstoAuthors”;nSimpleoutliningonthebasisofyourresearchmaterials;nFromInteriortoExterior:writing“materialsandmethods”,“results”,and“discussion”first,thenwriting“introductio
23、n”,“abstract”and“title”.2024/7/25314.2论文标题的撰写论文标题的撰写nTitlesaretobewrittentobeunderstoodbythoseinyourfield,tellingthemexactlywhatyouhavedoneinyourwork. 2024/7/25324.2.1 文题的一般要求nTitlesshouldbeshort,clear,andamenabletoindexing.(JAMA)n1)shortandconcise:Writeinoneline(notasentence),notcontaininganactivev
24、erb,notexceeding25wordsor120-140lettersandspaces,noabbreviationsorchemicalsymbolsexceptthosethataregenerallyaccepted,e.g.DNA,RNA,AIDS,CT;n(Cvcouldbeexplainedascardiovascularorcostovertebral,etc.)2024/7/2533n2)Informative:Stateexactlywhatyouwantthereadertoknowaboutyourpaperandyourwork;n3)Indexing:Pac
25、kasmanykeywordsorindexingtermsaspossibleintothetitlewithoutoverloadingit,keywordsnotinthetitlewillbeintheabstractorcangointhe“KeyWords”sectionofthepaper,keywordsareusuallyinthebeginningorendingofthetitle.2024/7/25344.2.2简洁简洁副标题的使用副标题的使用n副标题的作用副标题的作用nA.突出病例数突出病例数nGallstoneIleus:AReviewof40CasesnB.突出重
26、点内容突出重点内容nAcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome:DiseaseCharacteristicsandOralManifestationsnBalancing:TreatmentofGynecologicalDiseases2024/7/2535nC.突出研究方法突出研究方法nUrineCannabinoidAnalysis:AnIntegratedMultimethodApproachnD.突出同位关系突出同位关系nAcademicDismissals:DueProcess 2024/7/2536nE.解释性用词解释性用词nPancreatitisinSys
27、temiclupuserythematosus(SLE):AcasereportandreviewoftheliteraturenExamplesofPairedMedicinals:ExperiencesinCompatibilityDevelopedbyDifferentSchools2024/7/2537nF.提问或选择提问或选择nIschronicabdominalpainasurgicalsymptomorapsychiatricsymptom?nChronicabdominalpain:asurgicalorpsychiatricsymptom?2024/7/25384.2.3 介
28、词的使用 researchonnmanagementfornobservationonnexperienceinnintroductiontoncontrastbetweennsurgeryfor2024/7/25394.2.4 格式n1)词组式词组式nSomeAspectsofRenalTumorsnEffectsofGlucoseonNeuroblastomainVitroandinVivonPatternIdentificationandTreatmentofDysmenorrheanExperiencesinTreatingInfantileHighFevernTreatmentofG
29、lobusHystericus(Plum-PitQi)withIntegrativeMedicine2024/7/2540n2)主谓式主谓式nLetsDoAwaywithSmallpoxnDietaryCholesterolAsCarcinogenicforHumanColonCancer2024/7/2541n(3)疑问式疑问式nCanProstatectomyBeImproved?nMustWeSpecializeHerniorrhaphyforBetterResults?nDoesDangguiSiniDecoctionContainFreshGinger?nWhatAretheIndi
30、cationsofScutellariaDecoction?2024/7/25424.3论文摘要的翻译与写作论文摘要的翻译与写作n4.3.1论文摘要的作用论文摘要的作用n4.3.2论文摘要的分类论文摘要的分类n4.3.3论文摘要中时态的应用论文摘要中时态的应用2024/7/25434.3.1 论文摘要的作用n“Thefunctionoftheabstractofascientificpaperistoprovideanoverviewofthepapersothatthereadersknowthemainstoryandafewessentialdetailsofyourworkwithou
31、treadingthewholetextofthepaper.Theabstractshouldmakesensebothwhenreadaloneandwhenreadwiththepaper.”-URMSBJ2024/7/25444.3.2论文摘要的分类论文摘要的分类AbstractIndicativeInformativeNon-structuredStructured2024/7/2545nIndicativeAbstract（通报性或指示性摘要）：只（通报性或指示性摘要）：只通报主题，不介绍研究的材料、方法和结果，一般通报主题，不介绍研究的材料、方法和结果，一般用现在时表达，如：用现
32、在时表达，如：Freetransferoftwoundamagedfingersfromanon-replantableleftarmtoamutilatedrighthandina16-year-oldboyisreported.本文报道将一无法再本文报道将一无法再植的左臂上的两个未受损伤的手指移植给一植的左臂上的两个未受损伤的手指移植给一16岁男岁男孩被切断的右手。孩被切断的右手。nInformativeAbstract（资料性摘要）：告诉读（资料性摘要）：告诉读者研究的总体情况，使他们了解研究的目的、材料、者研究的总体情况，使他们了解研究的目的、材料、方法、结果、结论以及存在的问题。方法
33、、结果、结论以及存在的问题。2024/7/2546论文摘要的分类论文摘要的分类AbstractNon-StructuredStructuredObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusion2024/7/25474.3.3论文摘要中时态的应用论文摘要中时态的应用n1)Objective/Purpose/AimnBackground:presenttenseorpresentperfectnObjective:presenttenseorpresentperfectorpasttensen2)Materials,methodsandresults:pasttensen3)Conclusion:pasttense,orpresenttense2024/7/2548nThank you for your attention!兰凤利兰凤利2024/7/2549
