《UNit11童句型和语法参考.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《UNit11童句型和语法参考.ppt（26页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、市三中市三中 童淑芹童淑芹Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ?句型和语法参考句型和语法参考Asking ways:Excuse me.Wheres the (nearest), please ?Is there a (an) near here?Which is the way to , please ?Could you tell me how to get to?Is this the right way to ?Can you tell me the way to ?I want to go to . Do you know
2、 the way ?Telling ways:Its opposite (across from) the post office.Its just around the corner.Its next to/outside/ in front of/Its on the right/ left of theIts only ten minutes walk from here.Walk along this road/ street.Go straight ahead about 100 meters.Go on until you come to a wide street, then t
3、urn left.Go across the bridge. You cant miss it.The objective clause:1.连词连词:1) 陈述句用陈述句用 that引导引导: He said that his father was fifty years old. 2.主从句时态一致。主从句时态一致。Nobody knew who the old man in the street was.3.不能用疑问句语序。不能用疑问句语序。Do you know when he will come here?2) 特殊疑问句用特殊疑问句用:who, what, which, wher
4、e, when,how等引导等引导Do you know where he lives?3) 一般疑问句用一般疑问句用:if, whether引导引导.Could you tell me if it snows in Australia?宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态当主句谓语是一般现在时当主句谓语是一般现在时, 宾语从句可以宾语从句可以根据需要来使用某种时态根据需要来使用某种时态.当主句谓语是一般过去时当主句谓语是一般过去时, 宾语从句用表宾语从句用表示过去的某种时态示过去的某种时态.当主句谓语是一般过去时当主句谓语是一般过去时, 宾语从句的内宾语从句的内容表示客观真理时容表示
5、客观真理时, 宾语从句中的谓语动宾语从句中的谓语动词不受主句谓语动词的影响词不受主句谓语动词的影响, 应保留一般应保留一般现在时态形式现在时态形式.e.g.e.g. The teacher said that the moon moveThe teacher said that the moon moves s around the sun. around the sun. The objective clause:主从句时态一致主从句时态一致 1 1、Do you know how much hot waterDo you know how much hot water? ? A AMum
6、is neededMum is neededB Bdoes Mum needdoes Mum need C CMum needsMum needsD Ddid Mum needdid Mum need 2 2、Can you tell meCan you tell me? ? A Awhere he is where he is B Bwhere is he where is he C Che is wherehe is whereD Dwhat is hewhat is he 3 3、I didnt know how I didnt know how to London?to London?
7、 A Awould they gowould they go B Bare they goingare they going C Cthey would gothey would go D Dthey are goingthey are going 4 4、I want to know how longI want to know how long A Ahas he been backhas he been backB Bhas he come backhas he come back C Che has been backhe has been backD Dhe has come bac
8、khe has come back 5 5、Do you knowDo you know? ? A Awhat the news arewhat the news areB Bwhat is the newswhat is the news C Cwhat the news is what the news is D Dwhat are the newswhat are the newsCA AC CC CC C合成句子合成句子合成句子合成句子: :1 We dont know. Where can we buy a stamp?1 We dont know. Where can we buy
9、 a stamp?_2 Where is the tea shop? Could you tell me?2 Where is the tea shop? Could you tell me?_We dont know where we can buy a stamp.Could you tell me where the tea shop is?写出同义句：写出同义句：写出同义句：写出同义句：1 I dont know what I shall do next.1 I dont know what I shall do next._2 The students didnt know what
10、 present to give 2 The students didnt know what present to give their teacher for Teachers Day.their teacher for Teachers Day._I dont know what to do next. The students didnt know what present The students didnt know what present they shouldthey should give their teacher for Teachers Day.give their
11、teacher for Teachers Day. 1. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 请你告诉我厕所在哪儿好吗？请你告诉我厕所在哪儿好吗？ Could you？是个句型，是个句型，could在此在此不是过去形式，它此时表示语气婉转、不是过去形式，它此时表示语气婉转、有礼貌。有礼貌。Explanation Explanation 在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中，以及在含有在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中，以及在含有表示建议、请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中表示建议、请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中, 常用常用some和和something
12、，而不用而不用any和和anything。【For example】 （1）Could you lend me your motorbike, please? 请把你的摩托车借给我好吗？请把你的摩托车借给我好吗？ （2）Could you tell me something about yourself 请谈谈你自己好吗？请谈谈你自己好吗？（3）Would you like to have some apples? 你们要吃苹果吗？你们要吃苹果吗？（4）What about saying something about your school? 说说你学校的情况好吗？说说你学校的情况好吗？（5
13、）Will you please give the poor boy something to eat? 请给那可怜的孩子一点吃的东西好吗？请给那可怜的孩子一点吃的东西好吗？2. Can you please tell me where I can get a dictionary? 请你告诉我在哪儿能买到字典好吗？请你告诉我在哪儿能买到字典好吗？ Can you please tell，是个句型，它是个句型，它后面可跟宾语从句，也可跟不定式结构。后面可跟宾语从句，也可跟不定式结构。can可换成可换成could, would, will。3. Take the elevator to the
14、second floor 乘电梯上二楼。乘电梯上二楼。 take在此表示在此表示“搭、乘搭、乘”的意思。的意思。 【For example】 （1）He told me to take an express 他叫我搭乘特别快车。他叫我搭乘特别快车。（2）She takes a bus to work every day 她每天乘公共汽车上班。她每天乘公共汽车上班。4. The drugstore is between the furniture store and the bookstore (1)between prep.“在在两者之间两者之间”，常与常与and连用。连用。例如：例如： Do
15、 you know the difference between the two verbs“bring”and“take”? 你知道你知道bring和和take这两个动词的区别吗这两个动词的区别吗? (2)among prep“在在当中当中”，指三者或，指三者或三者以上之间。三者以上之间。例如：例如： They saw a village among the hills 他们看到群山中有个村庄。他们看到群山中有个村庄。 5. I prefer being outside prefer vt“更喜欢、宁愿更喜欢、宁愿”，其后，其后可可接名词、接名词、-ing形式及动词不定式，还用形式及动词不定
16、式，还用在在“preferto”结构中，表示结构中，表示“喜喜欢欢而不喜欢而不喜欢”。例如：例如：Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶你喜欢咖啡还是茶? He prefers to wait until evening 他宁愿等到天黑。他宁愿等到天黑。 I prefer doing to talking 我喜欢做不喜欢说。我喜欢做不喜欢说。6. They have organized games and the staff dress up as clowns. 他们组织了游戏，并且员工化装为他们组织了游戏，并且员工化装为小丑小丑。 1）staff为一个机
17、构的全体工作人员，为一个机构的全体工作人员，全体职员，全体职员，staff用作集体名词做主语时，用作集体名词做主语时，谓语动词多用复数谓语动词多用复数例：例： The schools staff is / are excellent. 这个学校的教职员是很优秀的。这个学校的教职员是很优秀的。 7.(1) dress用作动词，表示用作动词，表示“穿衣服穿衣服”，宾语常是，宾语常是人人dress sb.给给穿衣穿衣（ 2）dress up 通常指小孩穿别人衣服闹着玩，装扮；乔装打扮通常指小孩穿别人衣服闹着玩，装扮；乔装打扮 to dress up as an astronaut 装扮成宇航员装扮成
18、宇航员 另外，还有穿上礼服，穿上盛装之意。另外，还有穿上礼服，穿上盛装之意。例：例： Dont bother to dress up for the party. 不必为这次聚会穿礼服。不必为这次聚会穿礼服。dress up in穿来穿来打扮打扮（3）dress in和和be dressed in用来形容某用来形容某人的外表。人的外表。 She always dresses in black. 她总是穿黑衣服。她总是穿黑衣服。 Ill be dressed in a red coat. 我将会穿件红色的大衣。我将会穿件红色的大衣。 wear“穿着（衣服）穿着（衣服）”亦表示一种状态。亦表示一种
19、状态。 She always wears black. put on则指穿衣这个动作。则指穿衣这个动作。 例：例： She put on a woolly scarf before she went out. 她出门前带上了羊毛围巾。她出门前带上了羊毛围巾。8. sound / noise / voicesound 的含义最广，凡是能听得见的声音都可以的含义最广，凡是能听得见的声音都可以叫叫sound，包括人的声音，鸟的叫声，机器的声音，包括人的声音，鸟的叫声，机器的声音等，这种声音可能悦耳，也可能是噪音；等，这种声音可能悦耳，也可能是噪音；noise通通常指常指“噪声噪声”；voice专门指
20、人的声音例如：专门指人的声音例如：1.Do you like listening to the sound of the sea?2.The noise outside kept him awake.3.She has a very sweet voice.9. in order to do sth 为了为了它引导的它引导的目的状语可放在句首或句中目的状语可放在句首或句中(1). In order to have a bright future, we need to work hard.(2). He got up early in order not to be late. in orde
21、r not to do sth 为了不为了不so as (not) to 也表目的也表目的一般放在句中一般放在句中(3). He got up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus. 10. While the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. 当孩子们嬉闹的时候，父母可以在海滩当孩子们嬉闹的时候，父母可以在海滩上进行舞蹈课。上进行舞蹈课。 （1）while连词，当连词，当的时候，和的时候，和同时。同时。如：如： They arrived whi
22、le we were having dinner. 他们来的时候我们正在吃晚饭。他们来的时候我们正在吃晚饭。（2）while后面所引导的动词，往往后面所引导的动词，往往是可持续的。是可持续的。 when当当时，持续或非持续性时，持续或非持续性动词都可跟在动词都可跟在when后面。后面。 I jumped up when she called. 她打电话来时，我吓了一跳。她打电话来时，我吓了一跳。 as正当正当的时候，随着，强调同的时候，随着，强调同时发生。时发生。11.I live right next to a supermarket 我就住在超市的隔壁。我就住在超市的隔壁。 right在此
23、起到强调的作用，它是副词，含在此起到强调的作用，它是副词，含义很多，如：义很多，如：“对，顺利，直接地，正好，对，顺利，直接地，正好，完全，非常完全，非常”等。等。 12. Go past the park. 走过公园。走过公园。 （1）past此处为介词，意为此处为介词，意为“越过越过”。例：例： The boys rushed past us. 男孩们从我们身旁越过。男孩们从我们身旁越过。（2）past还可以作为副词用，意为还可以作为副词用，意为“经过经过”。例：例： Days went past without any news. 日子过去了，一点消息也没有。日子过去了，一点消息也没有。
24、 （3）past还可以作为名词来用，还可以作为名词来用，the past以前以前, 过去的事过去的事, 往事往事 In the past he has been a milkman and now hes a farmer. 从前他曾经是送牛奶工人从前他曾经是送牛奶工人, 现在他是现在他是个农场主。个农场主。 在美国和英国，对楼层的说法是不在美国和英国，对楼层的说法是不一样的一样的, 请对比：请对比：美国美国英国英国一楼一楼 on the first floor on the ground floor二楼二楼 on the second flooron the first floor 三楼三楼 on the third floor on the second floor
