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1、Unit 1A land of diversity话题历史文化(2015课标I)假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：1栏目介绍；2稿件内容；3稿件长度：约400词；4交稿日期：6月28日前。【晨背范文】Dear Peter，Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us stu
2、dents.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, and the life of Ameri
3、can high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as its interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.Could we have your article before June 28?Im looking forward to hearing from you.Yours，Li Hua话题词汇1customn习惯；习俗；风俗2conventionn惯例；习俗3traditionaladj.传统的；风俗的4attend a ceremony出席仪式5
4、in memory of为了纪念6make it a rule to do sth.使做某事成为规定话题佳句1The MidAutumn Day is a traditional festival of China, which is actually a day for family reunion.中秋节是中国传统的节日，实际上是家人团聚的日子。2Under no circumstance should we give up our beliefs.无论在什么情况下，我们都不应放弃自己的信仰。3At midnight, we make it a rule to welcome the ne
5、w year by setting off fireworks.在午夜，我们通常放鞭炮来迎接新年。.单词速忆1_ vt.意思是；打算；意味着n.手段；方法2_ vt.&n.租用；雇用3_ vt.& n抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会4_vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n滑动；滑倒mean hire grasp slip 5_ vt.&vi.改革；革新n.改革；改造；改良6_ vi.处于经济迅速发展时期n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣7_ n横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道8_ n行李9_ n海关；关税；进口税10_ n苦难；困苦reform boom crossing luggage customs hardship11_
6、n角；角度12_vi.发生；出现_ (过去式) _ (过去分词)13_vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人_ n选举14_ vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示_n迹象15_ adj.感激的；感谢的_v感谢angle occur occurred occurred elect electionindicate indication thankful thank 16_n处罚；惩罚_ v处罚；惩罚17_ n申请人_vi.申请_ n申请书18_ n大多数；大半_n少数19_n百分比；百分率_ n百分之几punishmentpunishapplicantapplyapplicationmajorityminor
7、itypercentagepercent20_adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的_ adv.显然地；显而易见地21_adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的_n差别；区分；卓著22_ adj.人种的；种族的_ n种族；比赛apparent apparently distinct distinction racial race .短语快译1_坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)2_ 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解3_ 继续存在；继续生存4_ 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等5_ 与合作或一起工作keep up take in live on make a life team up with 6_ 画线；标出界线7_ 申请
8、；请示得到8_ 用办法；借助9_ 许多；很多10_ 背靠背mark out apply for by means of a great/good many back to back .句式仿写1However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(It is likely that很可能)仿写：很可能这个申请人将与你一起在公司工作。_ the applicant will team up with you in the firm.2Th
9、at is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.(Thats why“那就是的原因”)仿写：大部分市民都反对这项改革，那就是政府做出让步的原因。The majority of the citizens object to the reform._ the government gives in.3People from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, stil
10、l immigrate to California.(过去分词作原因状语)仿写：我对这个职位很感兴趣，于是上个月向公司申请得到它。Much_ the position, I applied to the company for it last month.4It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many race
11、s and cultures.(It作形式主语的主语从句)仿写：人们相信沿袭风俗和传统对一个国家的文化很重要。_ keeping up customs and traditions is of great significance to a countrys culture.【答案】1.Its likely that2.That is why3.interested in4Its believed that.单元语法名词性从句用适当的关系词填空1A computer can only do _you have instructed it to do.2It is known _ Tu Youy
12、ou has won the Nobel Prize for Medicine.3The majority of the students are bored with his lessons and that is _ he is upset.4I hate it_ people talk with their mouths full.5_ I want to know is why his nephew quarreled with the conductor.【答案】1.whatever2.that3.why4.that5.What.教材活用根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词
13、)或括号内单词的正确形式California is the third 1._ (large) state and the most multicultural state in the US.This is not 2._(surprise) when you know the history of California 3._ has attracted people from nearly every country in the world.No one really 4._(know) what time the first settlers arrived in 5._we now
14、 know as California.Scientists believe that the Native Americans reached Alaska 6._ means of a land bridge.In the 18th century, California was ruled by Spain.Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men.In 1848, gold 7._(discover) in California and the dream of becoming
15、rich quickly attracted people from all over the world.In fact, few achieved their dream, but most 8._ (remain) in California to make a life for themselves.In more recent decades, California 9._ (become) home to people from Asia.It is believed that before long the mix of 10._(nation) will be so great
16、 that there will be no major racial or cultural groups.【答案】1.largest2.surprising3.which4.knows 5what6.by7.was discovered8.remained 9has become10.nationalities1means n手段；方法【考点激活】This _ that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone.这意味着当他们不知道一个单词的时候，他们将要
17、在大家面前犯错误。(2015浙江) (1)by no means决不；一点也不by all means尽一切办法；一定by means of用；依靠；借助于by this means用这种方法a means of communication一种通讯/交流工具(2)meanv. 意思是；打算mean to do sth.打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事【知识建构】 As pack animals, wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication am
18、ong each other.作为群居动物，狼成群狩猎，并把嚎叫作为一种彼此交流的重要工具。I had meant to help you, but I was too busy.我本来打算帮助你的，但是我太忙了。【易错点津】means 单复数同行。若用作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据句意来确定。前有every，each, one等修饰语时，谓语用单数；前有several, some, many, a few, all等修饰语时，谓语用复数。【即时巩固】语法填空All possible means_(try) so far.Every possible means _(try) so far.用m
19、ean短语的适当形式填空The water may be carried _ a pipe._ will I live on in this way.【答案】meanshave been triedhas been triedby means ofBy no means2majority n大多数；大半【考点激活】For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the majority _(be) over the age of fifty.例如，如果你看看古典音乐会上的听众，大部分人的年龄都在50岁以上。(20
20、14安徽) (1)a/the majority of大多数be in the/a majority构成大部分/大多数(2)minorityn. 少数in the minority占少数(3)majorn. & v. 主修；专业major in主修；以为专业【知识建构】 An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为委员会的大多数成员都表示反对。As far as I know, his brother majored
21、 in history at Stanford last year.据我所知，他的弟弟去年在斯坦福主修历史。【易错点津】the/a majority of名词，表示“大多数”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可；后接不可数名词时，用单数谓语。【即时巩固】语法填空The majority of the customs_ (keep) up till now.The majority of the damage _(be) easy to repair.Now the number of students in the class _(
22、be) 50 and the majority of them _(be) immigrants.【答案】is/arehave been keptisis; are3occur vi.发生；出现【考点激活】Now _ occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.现在他突然想到他的农场有很大的潜力，而且奶牛的死亡算是有点幸运。(2015广东)(1)sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事It occurs to sb.that某人突然想起
23、It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人突然想起做某事(2)occurrencen发生；出现；(偶然)事件【知识建构】 Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.和你奇妙的创新一起，你需要提交一份报告，解释你是怎么想到这个点子的，你用的是什么材料。(2014辽宁)【举一反三】表示“某人突然想到”的常用表达：sth.strikes es to sb.It st
24、rikes /hits es up with an idea/ a thoughtsb.hits on /strikes on an idea/a thought【即时巩固】一句多译我突然想到我们可以和他们一起工作。It _ _ me that we could team up with them.It _ me that we could team up with them.【答案】itoccurred to struck/hit4apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地【考点激活】_,_she didnt like to be ignored.很显然，她不喜欢被人忽视。(2014
25、四川)apparent adj. 显然的，显而易见的Its apparent that显然It is apparent to sb.that某人明白As is apparently shown/stated/indicated in the picture/chart /passage above如上面图片/图表/文字明显展示/陈述/表明的那样【知识建构】 It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。【举一反三】下面单词都有“显然地”的意思：obviously，evidently, cle
26、arly，其形容词均可适用上述句型，即：Its obvious/clear/evident that【即时巩固】完成句子很显然他没有领会这篇文章的写作目的。_ _ _ _ he hasnt grasped the writing purpose of the article.正如上面图表中明确显示的那样，很多人不遵守交通规则。_ _ _ _ in the diagram above, a good many dont obey traffic rules.【答案】ApparentlyIt is apparent/obvious/clear/evident thatAs is apparentl
27、y shown1make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生【考点激活】We make a living by what we get, but we make_ life by what we give.我们靠所得来谋生，但靠给予来创造生活。(1)start/make a new life开始新生活live/lead alife过着生活come to life苏醒；变得活跃come back to life苏醒过来；恢复生气bringback to life使苏醒过来；给活力(2)make/earn a/ones living谋生【知识建构】 All these flowers c
28、ome to life when the rains come.下雨之后，所有花儿都恢复了生机The doctor was able to bring her back to life.医生挽救了她的生命。【即时巩固】完成句子We settled in and_ (习惯新的生活方式) for ourselves.The majority of the people here _(谋生) by growing wheat nowadays.Apparently，they _ (现在过着幸福的生活)【答案】 amade a lifemake/earn a livingare leading/liv
29、ing a happy life now2take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留【考点激活】赏句猜义Dont be taken_in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.()I found it hard to take_in what the teacher had said in class.()I managed to rent a big enough house to take_in a handful of people.()Walls made of adobe take in the heat from
30、 the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowly during cool nights, thus warming the house.()take down拿下；取下；拆卸；记下take up开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理take off脱下(衣服等)；起飞；突然大受欢迎take apart拆开take it easy别紧张；慢慢来take ones time不急；慢慢干take over继承；接收；接管take on承担；从事；呈现【知识建构】 The new magazine has really taken off.这份新杂志
31、真是大受欢迎。When Mr.Green retired, his son took over the business from him.格林先生退休后，由他的儿子接管他的生意。【即时巩固】用take短语的适当形式填空He is said to_ playing football at the age of 7.He isnt reliable.Dont _ by his promises.There is no need for you _ everything the teacher says in class.Dont _ more responsibilities than you
32、can handle.【答案】欺骗理解收留吸收have taken upbe taken into take downtake on1. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而， 美洲土著人很可能在至少15,000年前就住在加利福尼亚州了。句型提炼：It is likely that有可能在该句型中，it 是形式主语，that是真正的主语。类似的句型还有：It is possible that有可能It is pro
33、bable that有可能【句型剖析】 According to Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author discussed his decision with his family.根据第二段可知，很可能作者和他的家人讨论过他的决定。(2014广东)【易错点津】在“sb.is likely to do”这一句型中，不能用possible或probable代替likely。Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future l
34、ife satisfaction.然而，65岁或者年龄更大的成年人更可能低估了对未来生活的满意度。【即时巩固】句型转换这家电脑公司有可能雇佣约翰。Its likely that the computer firm will hire John.John _ _ _ _ _ by the computer firm.【答案】is likely to be hired2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major rac
35、ial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人们认为， 要不了多久， 多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在明显的主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。句型提炼：It is believed that人们认为在该句型中，it 是形式主语，that引导的是真正的主语。类似的句型还有：Its said /known/thought/supposed/reported that此类句型也可转化为“从句主语be过去分词不定式”的形式，即：sb./sth.is said/known/
36、thought/supposed/ reported/believed to do/to have done【句型剖析】 Its generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.普遍认为人的性格和态度决定人的行为。(2014重庆)【举一反三】It作形式主语的用法：(1)Itbeadj.(obvious, true, natural, good, etc.)that从句(2)Itbe名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thi
37、ng, a pity, no surprise, etc.)that从句(3)Itvi.(seem, happen, turn out, appear, etc.)主语从句【即时巩固】完成句子普遍认为原始人没有基本的语言技能。_ _ _ _ primitives lacked basic language skills.难怪你每天都精力充沛。_ _ _ _ _ you are energetic every day.结果证明我们的计算是错误的。_ _ _ _ our calculations were incorrect.【答案】It is believed thatIt is no wonder thatIt turned out that
