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1、 The special usa of “It”! 要点解读要点解读1.作人称代词和非人称代词的用法作人称代词和非人称代词的用法2. 作先行代词用法作先行代词用法3. 作引导词的用法作引导词的用法能力解读能力解读在正确运用在正确运用itit的基础用法上的基础用法上, ,重点掌握重点掌握: :1.1.作形式主语作形式主语2.2.作形式宾语作形式宾语并能在所给题干提示的语境和逻辑关系中灵活运用并能在所给题干提示的语境和逻辑关系中灵活运用. .基本概念和用法基本概念和用法 It It 是一个特殊的代词，是一个特殊的代词，它有两重意义。一是作它有两重意义。一是作为代词，另一个是当作为代词，另一个是当作
2、连接词连接词( (引导词引导词) )。它可以用来代替事物和前面提它可以用来代替事物和前面提到过的事到过的事, ,也可以用来表示时也可以用来表示时间间, ,天气等天气等. .还可以用作先行代还可以用作先行代词及引导次词及引导次. .具体用法具体用法一.一.作代词作代词: :1. 1. 指代事物或前面提到过的指代事物或前面提到过的事物事物: :What is this ?It is a picture.It is a lovely and cute panda, isnt it?Yeah. I wont forget it!2. 2. 指代时间和天气指代时间和天气How is the weathe
3、r?It is rainy.Whats the time? It is twenty past two.3. 3. 指代距离指代距离How far is it from your home to your school?It is only five minutes walk.4. 4. 表示情况或代替表示情况或代替this, that:this, that:How is it going on with the girl? It must go on with her very well. She is very happy.Whats this ? It is a cute dog. P5
4、5 A Answer these questions using it as the subject.1.Whats the weather like today?2.Whats the time now?3.What is the date today?4.What is the season now?5.How far is your home from school? P56 B Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences.1.now/ for supper/ it/ time / is2.autumn/
5、 in Australia/ now/ it/ is3.about five kilometres/ it/ is/ to the park4.windy/ was/ it/ yesterdayIt is time for supper now.It is autumn in Australia now.It is about five kilometres to the park.It was windy yesterday.1.1.itit作形式主语作形式主语。英语中不定式、动名词、英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时主语往往显得很长，使主语从句在作主语时主语往往显得很长，使整个句子看
6、上去有点整个句子看上去有点 头重脚轻，这样就借头重脚轻，这样就借助助“it”it”来作形式上的主语，而把真正的主来作形式上的主语，而把真正的主语移到句子后边去，使全句看上去平稳一些。语移到句子后边去，使全句看上去平稳一些。 “itit”没有实际的意义。没有实际的意义。 1)It + be+ adj. / n. +to do 2)It is easy to climb the hill.3)It is his duty to solve the problem.1.2) It + be + no use / good + gerund (动名词动名词)做某事是没用的。做某事是没用的。It is
7、no using arguing with him.做某事是没好处的。做某事是没好处的。I t is no good going there. 2.2.作形式宾语。作形式宾语。这种情况通常只用于能这种情况通常只用于能带以名词或形容词作宾语补语的动词后带以名词或形容词作宾语补语的动词后面。常用于下列句型面。常用于下列句型: :feel; think; make; find+it adj. / n. +to do E.g. I found it not easy to get on with Jim. We all think it important to learn English well.
8、It It 句型句型: :1.It + is/was/ has been +一一段时间段时间 + since+过去时过去时自从我上次见到他已经有两年了。自从我上次见到他已经有两年了。 It is two years since I last saw him.我离开学校五年了。我离开学校五年了。 It has been three years since I left the school.It It 句型句型: :2. It takes/took sb some time to do sth 花费某人花费某人多少时间做某事多少时间做某事他们花了他们花了3年时间盖这栋大楼。年时间盖这栋大楼。 I
9、t took them 3 years to build the skyscraper.我用了三天读完这本书。我用了三天读完这本书。 it took me three days to finish reading the book.3. It + seems / appears that好像。好像。 好像不久有选举。好像不久有选举。 It seems that there will be an election soon. 看来要下雨了。看来要下雨了。 It appears that its going to rain. 4. It + be + done ( reported / said
10、/ told / known) + that 据报道、据据报道、据说、据获悉。说、据获悉。 据说他已经出国学习了。据说他已经出国学习了。 It is said that he has studied abroad. 大家都知道这座大桥要提前完工。大家都知道这座大桥要提前完工。 It is well known that the bridge will be completed ahead of time.5. 1）It + be + for sb. + to do sth.做某事对于某人来说怎么样做某事对于某人来说怎么样 如果不定式的逻辑主语是由如果不定式的逻辑主语是由forfor引起，主句引
11、起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易度等情况的形容词，常见的有：繁程度，难易度等情况的形容词，常见的有：important, safe, common, difficultimportant, safe, common, difficult等。等。 做做这项工作工作对我我来来说很很难。 It It s difficult for me to do this work.s difficult for me to do this work.5. 2） It + be + of sb. + to do sth.某某人做某事某人怎么样人做某事
12、某人怎么样 如果不定式的逻辑主语是由如果不定式的逻辑主语是由ofof引起，引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示主语特征主句中的形容词必须是能表示主语特征的形容词。常见的有：的形容词。常见的有：bad; brave; bad; brave; careless; clever; foolishcareless; clever; foolish 等，这个等，这个句型可以改写为：句型可以改写为：sb. + be + adj. + sb. + be + adj. + to do. to do. 你这么说太好了。你这么说太好了。 Its kind of you to say so.Its kind of yo
13、u to say so.=You are kind to say so.=You are kind to say so. C Write a sentence using it and a to-infinitive under each picture below.1.calm/stay/ fire/ important2.Its important to stay calm in a fire.2. forest/ start/ fire/ dangerousIts dangerous to start fire in the forest.C Write a sentence using
14、 it and a to-infinitive under each picture below.3. take/ umbrella/ good ideaIts a good idea to take an umbrella.4. have/ park/ picnic/ niceIts nice to have a picnic in a park.D Put the words in brackets in the correct order to complete the conversations.1.S1: Look at the sky. There are many dark cl
15、ouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.2.S2: 3.(it/ seems/a typhoon/ that/ coming/ is)4.2. S1: Is your father going to Beijing today?5.S2: No. 6.(it/ appears/ has been cancelled/ the flight/ that)It seems that a typhoon is coming.It appears that the flight has been cancelled.D Put the words in brack
16、ets in the correct order to complete the conversations.1.S1: Mary looks very sad.2.(it/ seems/ something bad/ her/ that/ has happened to)It seems that something bad has happened to her.一选择填空一选择填空( ) 1.Have you seen my watch? Yes, _is on the desk.A. ItB. thisC. itD. that( ) 2. -I hear the Whites have
17、 a new baby. - Oh, is _ lovely?A. heB. sheC. theyD. it( ) 3. - There is a knock at the door. _? - It is me.A. Who is he B. Who is that C. Who is it D. Who is sheCCD一选择填空一选择填空( ) 4. What is the weather like today? _ is very hot, isnt it?A. it B. It C. Weather D. Its( ) 5. How far is _ from here to th
18、e railway station? _ about ten minutes walk.A. it; ItB . it; Its C. It; It D. it; Its( ) 6. Is that a pen or a pencil? _ is a pencil.A. This B. ThatC. It D. TheyBBC( ) 7. What is the date today, the 18th or the 19th?Neither. _ the 20th. A. It B. That C. ThisD. Its( ) 8. I bought a knife and lent _ t
19、o him.A. it B. that C. oneD. ones( ) 9. _ is very difficult to remember all their names.A. That B. It C. This D. ItsDAB( ) 10. I found _ very difficult to get to sleep last night.A. its B. it C. thats D. this( ) 11. _ was Bob _ I met in your room yesterday.A.It, whom B. That, who C. It, that D. This
20、, who( ) 12. _ was in your room _ I met Bob yesterday.A. It, who B. It, that C. That, who D. That, that BCB二完成下列句子二完成下列句子：1从深圳到广州大约两个小时的车程。从深圳到广州大约两个小时的车程。 _ _ _ _ from Shenzhen to Guangzhou.2这里的气候是冬暖夏凉。这里的气候是冬暖夏凉。 _ _ in winter while hot _ _.3请问谁在敲门。是我。请问谁在敲门。是我。 Who is knocking at the door? _ _. ItstwohoursdriveItswarmin summerIts me二完成下列句子二完成下列句子：4学好英语是不容易的。学好英语是不容易的。 _ not easy _ _ _ _.5我们发现打猎很有趣。我们发现打猎很有趣。 We found _ interesting _ _ _. 6TOM就是那个帮助老师的人。就是那个帮助老师的人。 _ _ Tom _ _ _ _.Itsto learn English wellitto go huntingIt waswhohelped ourteacher
