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1、GRAMMARInversion语法精解语法精解1.倒装倒装 Inversions 英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语谓语在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前,就叫就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前前, 叫叫全部倒装全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装部分倒装。 基本语序基本语序natural ordersubject 主主+ predicate 谓谓+object 宾宾 I love English.predicate + subject助动词助动
2、词auxiliary/情态动词情态动词modal verb + subject + v +完全倒装完全倒装full inversion部分倒装部分倒装partial inversionHere came the headmaster.Nerve will I forgive you.全部倒装全部倒装1. 用于用于 there be 句型。句型。 There are many students in the classroom.主语位于谓语主语位于谓语are there之后之后原句自然顺序是：原句自然顺序是：Many students are there in the classroom.2.
3、用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词 + 主语的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。 Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes our turn. Out went the children. 注意：注意：代词作主语时代词作主语时, 主谓语序不变。主谓语序不变。Here it is. In he comes.3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。也常引起全部倒装。South of the cit
4、y lies a big steel factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.Under the tree stands a little boy.划线的均是表示地点划线的均是表示地点状语的介词词组状语的介词词组,并并且是位于句首。且是位于句首。4. 表语置于句首时表语置于句首时, 倒装结构采用倒装结构采用“表语连系动词主语表语连系动词主语”的结构的结构1)形容词连系动词主语形容词连系动词主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many ot
5、her guests.2) 过去分词连系动词主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.3) 介词连系动词主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.5. 为了保持句子结构平衡为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表或为了强调表语或状语语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。或为了使上下文结构紧凑。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. Inside the py
6、ramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.强调状语强调状语保持句子结构平衡保持句子结构平衡1. 用于疑问句用于疑问句 Do you speak English?2. 用于省略用于省略if 的虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.由由 If you had reviewed your lessons 这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。这样一个虚拟条件
7、分句变过来的。部分倒装部分倒装3. 用于“形容词(或名词、动词) as (though)” 引导的让步状语从句。 Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they dont know how to spend it.4. 用于用于no sooner than, hardly when 和和 not until的句型中。的句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until t
8、he teacher came did he finish his homework.5. 用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定词开头的句子里。 Never shall I do this again. At no time can you say “no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.6. 用于用于only开头的句子开头的句子(only位于句首位于
9、句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句) Only in this way can you learn English well. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.7. 用于 so, nor, neither 开头的句子,表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。 He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing.
10、So have I. So he has我也去过。我也去过。是的，他确实去过。是的，他确实去过。8. 在在 so / such that 的结构中的结构中,若若so 置置于句首于句首,则句子部分倒装则句子部分倒装 So difficult a problem is it that I cant work it out. Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人所说的, 主语是名词时, 用倒装结构。主语是代词时, 一般不用倒装结构。 “ Let go,” said the man / he said
11、.用于 某些祝愿的句子。 May you succeed. 1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also配套练习配套练习. Multiple choices.2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers re
12、alize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realized 3. Only in this way _ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 4. Hardly _ when it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive 5. Only when class began _
13、that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made 7. No sooner _ his talk than he _ by the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B
14、. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded near 8. Little _ know about verbs, Franz _ his head. A. did he; dare not lift B. he; dare not lift C. did he; dare not to lift D. doesnt; doesnt dare lift 9. Not only _ a promise, but also kept it.
15、A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes10. I finally got the job. Never in all life_ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt 12. _ a mobile phone can you ring _ you want to talk with anywhere. A. Using; whoever B. Only on; whoever C. With; whoever D. Using; who
16、mever 把下列句子改为倒装。把下列句子改为倒装。1. I have never seen him before. _ I seen him.2. she had hardly gone out when a student came to see her. _ when a student came to see her.Never before haveHardly had she gone out3. I didnt go there. he didnt go there either. I didnt go there, _ _.neither/ nor did he4. A ter
17、rible Genie(妖怪妖怪) stood before the fisherman. Before the fisherman _ _.stood a terrible Genie5. In those days people seldom did experiment to test their ideas. _ to test their ideas.Seldom did people do experiment6. You can learn English well only in this way. _ you learn English well. Only in this
18、way can7. Lu Xun was not only a great writer, but also a great thinker. _ a great writer, but also a great thinker.Not only was Lu Xun 8. It didnt stop raining until midnight. _ it stop raining.Not until midnight did 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。2. _ (我很少听到我很少听到) such beautiful singing.Seldom have I heard4. I think this is the first time that we have met; _ _ (我们以前在哪儿都没见过).5. _ (他刚睡着) than he heard a knock at the door.No sooner had he fallen asleep never have we seen each other before
