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1、 名词性从句名词性从句Noun Clauses高三语法专题复习高三语法专题复习名名词词性性从从句句从句简介，知识回放从句简介，知识回放强化考点，走出误区强化考点，走出误区巩固加强，真题演练巩固加强，真题演练1.名词：名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?The boy is Li Ming.I相关概念相关概念主语主语表语表语Mr.Wang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish .主语主语同位语同位语宾语宾语3.什么是名词性从句什么是名词性从句?在英语的句子结构中，本来该
2、由名词充当的主语、宾在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就这个句子就叫名词性从句。叫名词性从句。1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Shewontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句名名词性从句的种类词性从句的种类II.名词性从句的引导词：名词性从句的引
3、导词：1.从属连词从属连词 ：that、if、whether不作成分不作成分无意义无意义2. 连接代词连接代词 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which3. 连接副词：连接副词： when、 where、why、how“是是否否”作状语作状语作主作主/宾宾/表表Thats_animalsshouldbekeptinthezoo.Thats_theirhabitatcanbedestroyed.whybecause考点一：区别考点一：区别that , what与与which考点二：区别考点二：区别whether 与与if 考点三：区别考点三：区别 what, whatever
4、, 与与 no matter what .考点四：考点四：it 作形式主语或形式宾语作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：名词性从句的语序考点五：名词性从句的语序考点六：名词性从句中的虚拟问题考点六：名词性从句中的虚拟问题考点七：定语从句与同位语从句考点七：定语从句与同位语从句名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳 :考点考点1：连接词：连接词：that与与what 的区别的区别Whathesaidmakesmehappy.Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。且
5、在宾语从句中有时可省。what既既起起连接作用连接作用,又在从句中作又在从句中作主语主语,宾语宾语,表表语语(且在名词性从句中只有且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）可作表语）1._hesaidsomadeusangry._hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.2.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.（01全国）全国）3.中国不再是过去的样子了。中国不再是过去的样子了。4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）天津）A.whatB.whichC.
6、thatD.whereThatWhatChinaisnolonger_itusedtobe.whatwhatB:what(什么什么)/which(表选择表选择,哪一个哪一个) 1.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?（01北京春季）北京春季）whatwhichwhichWhat 无范围；无范围；Which有范围有范围解析解析1）_youdontlikehimisnone
7、ofmybusiness.（1992)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether高考题选萃高考题选萃2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.whichD.Thematter3)Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.(2002）A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what考点考点2.区别区别if与与whetherv1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.v2.Idontknow_ornotIllbef
8、reetomorrow.v3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.whether/ifwhetherwhetherv4.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.v5._theycandoitmatterslittletous.v6._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.whetherWhetherIf请你归纳请你归纳a. a. 主语从句主语从句b. b. 表语从句表语从句c. c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f. f. 直接加动词不定式只能用直接加动词
9、不定式只能用whether（todo）g g whetherornot 直接连用时不用直接连用时不用if只能使用只能使用whether的情况：的情况：请你归纳请你归纳1._the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where高考题选萃高考题选萃that 表肯定意义表肯定意义whether表疑问表疑问There is no doubt_ he wil
10、l win the first place .thatv _等引导的等引导的名词性从句名词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义，相，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而当于名词后加一个定语从句，而v_等引导的名词性从等引导的名词性从句句含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。请你归纳请你归纳whoever,whateverWho,what考点考点3.what,whatever,who,whoeverWho will take the position isnt decided.v1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.v2._weneedismoretime.v3._hastakenawaym
11、ybagisunknown.v4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverAnyonewho高考题选萃高考题选萃1.-Couldyoudomeafavour?-Itdependson_itis.(06)A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever2._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(99)A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever高考题选萃高考题选萃3.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo_Ic
12、antosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever高考题选萃高考题选萃4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.(NMET97)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever高考题选萃高考题选萃Nomatterwhodestroystheforestwillbepunished.（ 误误 ）解析解析no matter 只能引导状语从只能引导状语从句，句，ever既可引导状语从句既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句又可以引导名词性从句.nomatt
13、erwho/what与与whoever/whateverWhoeverdestroystheforestwillbepunished.（ 正正 ）1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_isapity.2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。_doesntmatter.ItdoesntmatterwhetherThathemadesuchamistakeItisapitythat考点考点：it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语形式宾语it作形式主语作形式主语WhetherhewillcomeornotItisreported/thought/saidthatItisclear/n
14、ecessary/certainthatItisapity/ashame/anhonorthatItdoesntmatterwhetherItseemsthatIthappensthat Can you understand them?1.ThisisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.2.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.forIt(2)it指代后面从句所叙述的内容指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用常用like/dislike/love/
15、hate/appreciate/make+it+if或或when从句从句it作形式宾语作形式宾语(1)make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that/todoIhateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.1. Ivegottomakeclearthathetoldalie.2.Ilike_intheautumnwhenthe3.weatherisclearandbright.(2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.他发现很难使别人理解他他发现很难使别人理解他.Hefound_.ititdifficulttomak
16、ehimselfunderstooditv1. Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.v2.Itdoesntinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.v3.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.v4.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.v It 作形式主语和作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较引导强调句的比较考点考点5 5 语序问题语序问题1.Thephotographswillshowyou_（MET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourv
17、illagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike从句一定用陈述语序从句一定用陈述语序v2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.vA.howhewasexcitedvB.howwasheexcitedvC.howexcitedhewasvD.hewashowexcited3.Heasked_foraviolin.（92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid1.在在 think, belie
18、ve, suppose, expect, guess 等等动词后的否定转移问题。动词后的否定转移问题。 I dont think this dress fits you （我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）2.在在 hope, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, think, expect, tell, say, fear 以及以及 be afraid 等词语后，可用等词语后，可用 so 代替一个宾语从句代替一个宾语从句(指代上指代上文涉及之事文涉及之事)。3. I dont know whats wrong /whats the mat
19、ter with him. 其它需要注意的几个问题其它需要注意的几个问题4.出现插入语时的语序出现插入语时的语序1. Do you suppose where the accident happened?2. Where do you suppose the accident happened? 3. Where do you suppose did the accident happen?v1.在在order，suggest，demand，advise，desire, insist, require, recommend , request等所接的等所接的宾语从句宾语从句中用中用should
20、 型虚型虚拟语气。拟语气。should 常省略常省略。v2.在在order，suggestion, advice, desire等等名词后名词后同位语从句，表语从句同位语从句，表语从句中用中用should 型型虚拟语气，可省略虚拟语气，可省略shouldv3.在在as if，as though引导的引导的表语从句表语从句中，在中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题：名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题：5. wish后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步，即步，即 wish that 过去时过去时(跟现在相反跟现在
21、相反)would +v. (跟将来相反跟将来相反had done (跟过去相反跟过去相反)How I wish it werent raining now.I wish that I had met that film star yesterday.4. 在主语从句中在主语从句中: It is necessary/important/strange/natural/-that- 1.Hissuggestion_tovisittheTempleofHeaveninterestedhiswholefamily.A.thattheygoB.whichtheyshouldgoC.thattheywou
22、ldgoD.whentheywouldgo2.Allofthemthoughtitnecessarythathe_themeetingA.attendB.wouldhaveattendedC.attendedD.wastoattend3.Hisattitudesuggeststhathe_reallyinterestedinit.A.notbeB.isntC.benotD.wasntv一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处1、两种从句都可以译成定语、两种从句都可以译成定语 1)The news that our team has won the final mat
23、ch is encouraging. （同位语从句） 我们队取得决赛胜利的我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。2)The news that you told us is really encouraging.（定语从句） 你告诉我们的你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句v2、两种从句都可以用、两种从句都可以用that引导引导v 1)Thesuggestion that students should learn something practical isworthconsidering. （同位语从句）同位语从句）学生应该学些
24、实用的东西的学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。建议值得考虑。2)The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.（定语从句）（定语从句）值得考虑的值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。 二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1、从句的作用不同：、从句的作用不同： 同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。定语从句用来修
25、饰、限定前面的名词。 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。我们队取得了决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而非来而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同： that引导同位语从句
26、时是一个纯连词，不充引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeaCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest. （that 不充当任何成分）不充当任何成分）2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语）又在从句中充当主语）v引导同位语从句的名词主要有引导同位语从句的名词主要
27、有 fact, news, promise, idea, truth, hope,question,belief, suggestion, thought, order, problem, fear, doubt ,etc.v连接词用连接词用that(不能省不能省)不用不用 which，v还用还用how, when, where, why, whether（不不用用if） etc.高考题演练：高考题演练：1.1989Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoe
28、sourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.1992WordhascomesomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourschoolnextweek.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.when3.04上海卷上海卷AfterShenzhouVsucceededincirclingtheearth,_ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how4.2006-Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecis
29、ion?-Theyalwaysletmedo_IthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what5.2004Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how6.2005浙浙 江江 Daniel left word with my secretary_hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which7.1999IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where8.04湖南湖南IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_Ivebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how Thank you
