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1、Section Grammar一二一、用“介词+which”替换下列句子的画线词1.ThedaywhenshearrivedwasThursday.ThedayshearrivedwasThursday.2.JulyandAugustarethemonthswhentheweatherishot.JulyandAugustarethemonthstheweatherishot.3.Wellputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.Wellputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,theweathermaybeb
2、etter.onwhichinwhichbywhich一二4.Thisisthehotelwheretheywerestaying.Thisisthehoteltheywerestaying.5.TheTowerofLondon,wheresomanypeoplelosttheirlives,isnowatouristattraction.TheTowerofLondon,somanypeoplelosttheirlives,isnowatouristattraction.6.ThereasonwhyIcameherewastobewithmyfamily.ThereasonIcamehere
3、wastobewithmyfamily.inwhich/atwhichinwhichforwhich一二二、用适当的“介词+which/whom”填空1.ThereusedtobeatimetheChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedom.2.Helivesinanoldroom,theroofhasbeendamagedinthestorm.3.Inourclassallthefiftystudents,onlyonedidntpasstheexam,tookpartinthefinalexam.4.Thewayonestudentstudiesmightbequite
4、differentfromthatofanotherstudent.5.Canyouseethedeskthereisabookandtwopens?at/duringwhichofwhichofwhominwhichonwhich一二6.ThemanIsharetheroomisayoungteacherfromcollege.7.Heworksinafactory,atthebackthereisariver.withwhomofwhichGrammar:“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是一个难点,也是高考的重要考点。其使用的关系代词一般是which,who
5、m或whose,在句中既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在学习时我们要注意以下几点:1.关系代词的选用在介词后作宾语的关系代词一般只有which,whose和whom。如果先行词是物,引导词用“介词+which”;如果先行词是人,则引导词用“介词+whom”;whose适用于两者。单句填空:Water,withoutmancantlive,isreallyimportant.水真的很重要,没有它人就不能活。答案:whichThisistheshipbyIwenttoShanghai.这是我去上海时所乘坐的船。答案:whichThisisthestudentforIbough
6、tthebook.这是我给买书的那个学生。答案:whomThebossinfirmIworkedfor10yearsretiredyesterday.我供职十年的那家公司的老板昨天退休了。答案:whose2.介词的选用确定“介词+关系代词”中介词的方法主要有以下四种:1)根据定语从句中的谓语或形容词来选用翻译句子:ThefellowtowhomIspokemadenoansweratfirst.(speakto)翻译:答案:和我说话的那个人起先没有回答。TheWestLake,forwhichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.(befamousfor)翻译:
7、答案:西湖是个美丽的地方,杭州以此而闻名。2)根据先行词来确定单句填空:Inhisroom,Isawabigdeskwhichtherewereallkindsofbooks.在他的屋子里,我看见一张上面放着各种书的大桌子。(onthetable)答案:onYesterdaywehadameetingwhichwediscussedmanyproblems.昨天我们开了一个会,会上我们讨论了许多问题。(atthemeeting)答案:at3)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定翻译句子:Air,withoutwhichmancantlive,isreallyimportant.翻译:答案:空气确实太
8、重要了,没有它人类就不能生存。4)有时需要同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和先行词的搭配关系单句填空:Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewallthroughhecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.这个聪明的男孩在墙上挖了一个洞,通过它可以看到屋里面发生的事情。(seesomethingthroughthehole)答案:which3.介词的位置介词若与从句中的动词词组有关,可置于关系代词前,也可置于动词后,但若此介词与动词为固定词组,则此介词一般不前置。翻译句子:11Yesterdaywepaidavisittothehousei
9、nwhichLuXunoncelived.YesterdaywepaidavisittothehousewhichLuXunoncelivedin.翻译:答案:昨天,我们参观了鲁迅的故居。12ThisistheverypenthatImlookingfor.翻译:答案:这就是我正在寻找的那支钢笔。(lookfor为固定词组,介词for不前置)13Thepatientwhomthenurselookedafterwasbecomingbetterandbetter.(lookafter为固定搭配,介词after不前置)翻译:答案:护士照顾的那个病人正在好转。4.在限制性定语从句中,介词前置时,关
10、系代词不能用that,且不能省略;若介词后置,则可以用that,也可以省略。单句填空:14ThisistheschoolIstudied3yearsago.Thisistheschool(which/that)Istudiedin3yearsago.这就是我三年前就读过的那所学校。答案:inwhich5.表示所属关系时,介词应用of,关系代词为which/whom,即n.+of+which/whom,可转换为whose+n.。翻译句子:15Helivesinaroom,thewindowofwhichfaceswest.Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfaceswest.翻译
11、:答案:他住在一个房间里,房间的窗子向西开着。16Thechildwassavedbyaman,thenameofwhomwasnotknown.Thechildwassavedbyaman,whosenamewasnotknown.翻译:答案:这个孩子被一位不知姓名的男子所救。6.表示“整体中的一部分”或“中最的”,介词一般也用of。单句填空:17TheGreenshavetwodaughters,botharecollegestudents.格林夫妇有两个女儿,她们都是大学生。答案:ofwhom18Chinahasmanyrivers,thelongestistheYangtzeRiver.中国有众多河流,最长的是长江。答案:ofwhich
