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1、七选五阅读七选五阅读答题指导答题指导2014届高考英语专题复习一、高考大纲要求一、高考大纲要求阅读七选五主要考察学生的英语逻辑思维能力，阅读七选五主要考察学生的英语逻辑思维能力，也就是对上下文之间，也就是对上下文之间，层次层次之间之间逻辑逻辑关系的关系的判断能力。判断能力。l试题模式试题模式：给出一篇缺少给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。l考查重点：考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及
2、上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）l选项特点：选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容） 过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构） 注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）解题步骤与技巧解题步骤与技巧3)3)重新阅读相关词句重新阅读相关词句 重点做刚才没做出的题或不确定的题，此时可将选出的答案代重点做刚才没做出的题或不确定的题，此时可将选出的答案代入原文，利用排除法。同时检查核对已选出的答案，看文章从内入原文，利用排除法。同时检查核对已选出的答案，看文章从内容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上是否通顺连贯、具
3、有一致性、容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑。如果所选的答案可以满足上述标准，则表明各个问题合乎逻辑。如果所选的答案可以满足上述标准，则表明各个问题的答案基本正确。的答案基本正确。1)1)快速阅读全文要点词句，了解大意快速阅读全文要点词句，了解大意但是由于文章中空缺了五处，因此在短时间内掌握文章要点或逻但是由于文章中空缺了五处，因此在短时间内掌握文章要点或逻辑思路是很困难的。如果感觉困难而且收获不大，可直接进入第辑思路是很困难的。如果感觉困难而且收获不大，可直接进入第二步，即一开始就边阅读边分析做题。二步，即一开始就边阅读边分析做题。2)2)边读边做题，先易后难
4、边读边做题，先易后难 重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。细节类题型解题技巧细节类题型解题技巧1)词汇复现法词汇复现法复现，是保
5、证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对置对同一个概念同一个概念进行进行重复重复描述。复现关系，描述。复现关系，主要是指主要是指同义词复现同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词近义词复现、反义词复现复现等。等。 双保险：上下文再核实一下双保险：上下文再核实一下Ex1 By 2020,Dr. David Davis believes ,car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road,whatever the weather co
6、nditions,by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen._Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar(牵引杠）牵引杠）to the car in front to form “roadtrains”.A.Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.B.The car will automatically speed up,or slow down,to match the speed of
7、the car in front.C.And it will not be owned by one individual.D.And by 2030,cars will travel in line,linked to each other electronically.2)同词出现法同词出现法词汇同现是指属于词汇同现是指属于同一词汇同一词汇或者或者跟此词汇跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达在文章中共同出现，达到到语义衔接的目的语义衔接的目的。你可以。你可以在选项中找到与在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般。一般来
8、说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密（如：衔接关系越紧密（如： Ex2.half of shoppers refused to queue for more than five minutes in a high street shop. The Internet,which allows shoppers to buy more goods,with just a click of the mouse,is one of the reason why peoples patience appears to be thin._ A.It wa
9、s typical in the past. B. But it would seem we are no longer prepared to wait in line. C.More people prefer to click the mouse for shopping at home D. As a result,food and drink sellers are having to find new ways to deliver good customer service.Ex3On the other hand ,the advantages of going oversea
10、s may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However,there ma
11、y be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.3)代词线索代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。地解题。Ex4._It is a very happy day for many
12、 boys and girls.Before the terms ends in some schools,the children act a nativity（基督诞生）（基督诞生）or “birth” play,showing how Jesus was born in a stable(马厩）。马厩）。A.People are often busy going shoppingB.Now the Chinese people also celebrate Christmas.C. The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten.D.Christmas Da
13、y falls on the twentyfifty of December.Ex5That happens in the 1980s. And, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement._They represent many races,regions and political beliefs.A.They are mainly rich peopleB.Parents choose homeschooling for several reasons.C.Most often,their
14、parents are their teachers.D.She says these include rich people and poor people.(a)并列与递进关系：因果关系并列与递进关系：因果关系4)逻辑关系线索逻辑关系线索Ex.7_ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs. Others say it provides more time for the family to be together.They say home offers a better place for learning. Some pare
15、nts. A. So a number of parents began home-schooling B. Home schooling is not accepted by all the people C. Parents choose home schooling for several reasons D.Most often, their parents are their teachers(c)转折让步关系：转折让步关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, on the other hand, unfortunately, despite, i
16、n spite of等等Ex.8This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired ._However,coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. A. So, whats a good sleep? B. A bedtime drink
17、 can also help C. Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.篇章结构类题解题方法篇章结构类题解题方法根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果如果问题在段首问题在段首 通常是段落主题句通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题2)如果问题在段尾如果问题在段尾 通常是通常是结论、概括性语句
18、结论、概括性语句。注意在。注意在选项中查找选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如，如therefore, as a result, thus, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语等词语，选项中也可选项中也可发现前文的同义词句发现前文的同义词句。 Ex.10 _ Every day ,when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework,sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cle
19、aning the furniture,and putting everything in order. She seems to be busy all the time. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself,but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. A. she enjoys listening to class music. B.She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meal
20、s. C. My mother is hardworking and never wastes money. D. As a mother,she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.选五阅读理解题的解题技巧选五阅读理解题的解题技巧: :速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系, ,找出关键词找出关键词运用上下文所运用上下文所重复的关键词重复的关键词推断推断 利用同义词和近义词关系利用同义词和近义词关系 利用词的上下义关系利用词的上下义关系 利用反义词、过渡词关系利用反义词、过渡词关系 理清结构理清结构与与逻辑关系逻辑关系，确定答案，确定答案
