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1、成考英语成考英语答题技巧及复习大纲一、试卷题型构成(150分)l语音知识 7.5分l词汇与语法知识 22.5分l完形填空 30分l阅读理解 45分l补全对话 15分l书面表达 30分 语音知识l共5小题,每题1.5分。共7.5分l题目要求题目要求:找出读音不同的选项l答题技巧:答题技巧:记忆单词,记忆拼读规则,但由于单词记忆量大,记忆难度大,建议把时间用在可多拿分的题目上。 词汇与语法知识l共15小题,每题1.5分,共22.5分l题目要求题目要求:选最佳的一项,常说的单选题l答题技巧答题技巧:分析近几年的命题方向,常考的语法有:时态(现在完成时)、部分倒装、固定词组搭配、近义词组辨析和复合句等
2、。掌握以上命题方向和常用的一些词组搭配就可以了。各类词性(P19)l名词名词:人名,地名等 考察点:可数(单复数),所有格 1.可数:复数变换形式(s、es、改y为i加es) 单数用is,复数用are 例:There is a pen on the desk.(桌上有一支笔) There are two pens on the desk.(桌上有2支笔) 2.所有格:变换形式:在名词后加s /s、of +名词 (某人的某样东西) 例: my fathers desk (我爸爸的书桌) my friends bags (我朋友们的包) Lily and Toms book (两人共有) Lily
3、s and Toms books(Lily的书和Tom的书) the window of the house(房子的窗户)冠冠 词词l冠词:a/an , the, /(零冠词) I.加定冠词the的情况:1、人名前 (课本P29短语) 2、地名前 3、乐器前 II.零冠词的情况: 1、三餐前 (课本P31 短语) 2、节日前 3、学科前 4、球类运动,棋类游戏前例:He likes playing the the piano, but he doesnt like playing 不填不填 football.代 词l数词:表示数量的词 基数词:one, two, three, four 序数词
4、:first, second, third, fourth 百:hundred 千:thousand l介词和连词: 介词:in, on, at (课本P75-79) 连词:and, but形容词与副词以以 ly 结尾的多为副词结尾的多为副词l形容词副词的比较级和最高级(形容词副词的比较级和最高级(变换规则:课本P64-69 )l1. 比较级比较级:看到than 一定用比较级 比较级的5种常见形式: More than Much more than More and more. The more, the more As much as l2. 最高级最高级:The most (of) 最高级
5、一定有冠词the 例: 1. He is much harder than anyone else. 2. The house is smaller than yours. 3. The harder you try, the more you get. 4. Amanda is as great as Michael in math. 5. Taylor becomes more and more famous in China. 6. Danny is the tallest boy in the class.完形填空l共15小题,每题2分,共30分l题目要求题目要求:根据内容,选每题的最
6、佳选项。l答题技巧答题技巧:这个题型相对比较难,考察英语的综合应用能力。多数考一些固定短语的搭配。但有时候不会简单将短语呈现,而是添加了一些词来阻扰答题。答题顺序可以是:第一遍是通读;第二遍是边读边选;第三遍是再调整。 阅读理解l共15小题,每题3分,共45分l题目要求:题目要求:根据短文,回答问题l答题技巧:答题技巧:这是个决定分数的重点题型。方法就是先看题目,带着问题去读文章,先找到题目的所在,答案一般来说不是在后两句就是在前两句。这种方法答题,既节省时间,准确率又高。有几个规律大家要掌握:有几个规律大家要掌握:lA如果篇幅长段落多,那么一般是一个题目对应一个自 然段,了解这个规律,迅速定
7、位答案位置,解题没有 问题;如果篇幅短小,则可以先通读全文,再做题。lB.常在第一或者最后一题出现判断主题思想一类的问题, 回答这类题,答案一定不要选择太具体,往往文章 的第一句或最后一段已经点明主题。常常这样提问: What is the passage about? The main idea of this passage? The best title of this passage?lC还有判断正误的题目,如:Which of the following is TRUE(正确正确) of the passage? Which of the following is FALSE(错误)
8、(错误)of the passage? 这个题型必须有 充分的时间和足够的耐心才能保证准确。 补全对话l共5句,每句3分,共15分l题目要求:题目要求:根据提示及上下文,填出相对应的英语常用表达句。l答题技巧:答题技巧:这个题目比较容易。方法就是先通读选项和对话,了解大意。做题时要重点看标点符号,结合大意选出合适的选项,做完后再通读全文,看是否符合对话逻辑。这是个送分的题目,一定要拿下。 书面表达l 共30分l题目要求:题目要求:根据所给内容写文章l答题技巧:答题技巧:针对不同的作文的类型,要不同的复习,比如说怎么样去写书信,近几年专科考试的作文就是书信。书信就要注意开头、结尾、日期等等怎么写
9、,现在降低了难度,出题人已经给出。但无论是写书信还是通知、便条、广告、启示、邀请函等,都会给你简单的汉语提示,你把它翻成英文问题就不大了。方法如下:方法如下:lA. 分析中文提示中需要直接表述和需要拓 展的内容,可以简单的写一个草稿lB. 进行中英语言的转换lC. 进行内容的扩展lD. 短文合成l值得注意的是段首句比较重要。围绕这个主题意思,只要内容不跑,再写简单句就可以了。建议大家简单去练上几个题目,知道怎么写,注意事项等。 二.重点语法 动词l八大时态l被动语态l虚拟语气l非谓语动词八大时态(P95-120)l一般过去时 did 现在时 do / does 将来时 will do / be
10、 going to do l过去完成时 had done 现在完成时 have / has donel过去进行时 was / were doing 现在进行时 be doingl过去将来时 would / should do E.g.lYesterday we went to the park. 一般过去时一般过去时 关键词:关键词:wentlTom gets up early every morning. 一般现在时一般现在时 关键词:关键词:gets (第三人称单数加第三人称单数加S)lTom will help you tomorrow. 一般将来时一般将来时 关键词:关键词:will
11、helplThree days ago he had already finished his homework. 过去完成时过去完成时 关键词:关键词:had finishedlWe have done our homework . 现在完成时现在完成时 关键词:关键词: have done lThe dog was eating a bone. 过去进行时过去进行时 关键词:关键词:was eatinglTom is reading a book. 现在进行时现在进行时 关键词:关键词:is readinglShe said she would play piano the next Su
12、nday. 过去将来时过去将来时 关键词:关键词: said would play the next SundayExercise:lI will tell him as soon as he back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 答案:B 主将从现,第三人称单数lThe boy English on the radio when I his door. A. learned was opening B. was learning opened C. learned opened D. is learning open 答案: B 前后时态应一
13、致,都应该跟过去相关时态有关。 由于开门为短暂性动词,所以只能用一般过去时 opened. 学英语为长久性动作,所以用过去进行时 was learning.lI _ to the cinema. I _ there every Sunday. A. go go B. am goinggo C. goam going D. am goingam going 答案: B 前面为计划将要去电影院,用一般将来时。后面指出每周天都去,表示一个习惯的动作,用一般现在时。 被动语态(P121-123)l基本表达方法:be done (by)l例句: 主动句 I hit the ball. 被动句 The b
14、all was hit by me. Exercise:l21. I promise that matter will _. A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of 答案:B 被动态,后为固定短语,所以of 需保留l22. No permission has _ for anybody to enter the building. A. been given B. given C. to give D. be given 答案:A 现在完成时被动态,被允许l23. I ten minutes to de
15、cide if I should reject the offer. A. gave B. was given C. was giving D. had given 答案:B 被动态,被给时间虚拟语气P124E.g.lIf I had time, I would attend the meetinglIf he had hurried, he could have caught the train.lIf I were to go abroad, I would go to America.Exercise:lIt is advisable that we our competitors to
16、 know anything about our new production line. A. do not permit B. with not permit C. not permit D. have not permit 答案:C 在句型 “It is important (necessary, advisable, strange, natural, impossible) that . ” 中,that后面的从句中的谓语动词用:(should) + 动词原形。否定词应该放在should 的后面,省略should后,则为not +动词原形l If it _another ten mi
17、nutes, the game would have been called off. A. had rained B. would had rained C. have seen D. did see 答案:A 与过去事实相反,根据 would have been called off 可以判断出,所以选择 had rained.l“Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.” “You her last week.” A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have tol
18、d 答案:D should have done 本该做什么却没做非谓语动词l不定式 to do( P130-134)l动名词 doing(P139-145)l分词 doing / done(P149) (前后主语一致用doing, 不一致用done)E.g.lTo be or not to be, that is a question.lSeeing is believing.lWaiting on the station, he meet his friend.lGiven more time, I will finish the job. Exercise:lWe agreed here,
19、 but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 答案: C agreed 之后只能跟 to do,meet 发生在agree之后, 不能用完成时。l home, he began to telephone the hospital. A. Return B. Returned C. Returning D. To return 答案:C 前后主语一致,用doing形式。l_ from the hill, the river looks more beautiful.
20、A. To see B. Seeing C. See D. Seen 答案:D 前后主语不一致, 用done 形式。 三、常用词汇(与语法连用,常用于单选和完型填空)l虚拟语气虚拟语气 宾语从句:order,demand,require,request,direct,command,urge,rule,suggest,advise,vote,propose, move,recommend,prefer,decide,insist,desire,decree 主语从句:vital,important,essential,imperative,obligatory,necessary,unnece
21、ssary,impossible,sad,strange,natural,advisable,fitting,proper,appropriate,desirablel 不定式l通常只接动词不定式作宾语的常考动词:通常只接动词不定式作宾语的常考动词:agree,attempt,claim,decide demand,ask,hesitate,beg ,fail,care,consent,promise,desire,hope,intend,learn,offer,plan,refuse,prepare,pretend,strive,require,appear,arrange,expect,m
22、anage,tend,afford,wish,want,seem ,struggle,swear,threaten,wait,undertake,venture,seek ,resolve,aim,determine,endeavor,apply,claim,pledge,pretend,profess,refuse,volunteer,vow,happen ,guarantee,neglect,proceed,prove,condescend,consent,trouble,bother(negative),care(negative),choose,fail, etcl用于动词用于动词+宾
23、语宾语+不定式结构的常考动词不定式结构的常考动词: force,hire,tell,require,teach,warn ,allow,ask,inform,beg,convince,expect,invite,order,permit,promise,instruct,prepare,urge,remind,want,advise,persuade,dare,forbid,like,challenge,request,get,need ,oblige,encourage,enable,compel,recommend,declare,prove,command,encourage,enabl
24、e,lead,press,etcl 其他l用于用于be+形容词形容词+不定式结构的常考形容词不定式结构的常考形容词: anxious,boring,dangerous,pleased,hard,eager,easy,fortunate,strange,good,ready,usual,prepared,surprised,common,useless,asked,lucky,difficult,likely satisfied,careful,sure,glad,bored,certain,etcl用于名词用于名词+不定式结构的常考名词不定式结构的常考名词:failure,offer,plan
25、,ability,decision,desire,chance,permission,occasion,fun,honor,capacity,wish,pleasure,opportunity,demand,way ,refusal,responsibility,freedom,promise,etc.l后面跟省去后面跟省去“to”的不定式作宾补的常考动词:的不定式作宾补的常考动词:see, watch,notice,observe,hear,listen to,feel ,get,make,have,let ,help,bid,know,look at ,smell,etc简单从句 关系词:
26、When 时间 Where 地点 What 事件/事物 How 方式方法 That 指物/人 Which 哪一个 whose 谁的 who 谁(主语) whom 谁(宾语) why 为什么(表原因)l例句:1.Who is the man you just shook hands with? 刚才跟你握手的男士是谁? 2.When you come into your room, youd better turn on the light at night. 当你晚上进入你房间的时候,你最好把灯打开。 3.My granny found her wallet where she left it
27、. 我奶奶在她掉钱包的地方把钱包找到了。 4.That is the reason why I came to school late. 那就是我迟到的原因。 5. He talks like the man that he was 20 years ago. 他说话的方式像他20年前那样。It 句 型l It 做形式主语 例:It is certain that we shall succeed. 我们要成功,这是可以肯定的事。 It is important for us to protect the environment. 对我们来说,保护环境是很重要的。 It 做形式宾语 例:We
28、found it necessary to buy a map. 我们发现买个地图是很必要的。完型填空例题讲解 p255/ex.11. be born in 出生于, coal 煤炭,mine 煤矿, afford 付得起, ashamed 羞耻的2. from then on 从那时起, in the day time 在白天, by the window 靠窗, catch 跟的上, at night 在夜晚, try ones best 尽某人最大努力, sothat 太以至于3. The more he learned, the greater interest he felt. (t
29、he morethe more句型)4. at the back of 在后面, only 仅仅 5. He would have been given the scholarship if he had been a regular boy of the school. 虚拟语气,主过从过 6. as well as 和, diligence 勤奋, librarian 图书管理员阅读理解例题讲解 p262/ex.11. 主旨题,若不能明确的找出答案,可先做其他题目,最后做这类题2. 在文中找到关键词young people,根据文章内容选择。3. 在文中找到关键词older people,
30、根据文章内容选择。4. 在文中找到关键词make a new culture of their own,根据文章内容选择。5. 在文中找到关键词control his own life,根据文章内容选择。阅读理解例题讲解 p262/ex.1 短文包含的短语:短文包含的短语:1. natural 自然的, uncomfortable 不舒服的, out of touch不接触2. strict 严厉的,give sb. a free hand 给某人自由3. win someones trust 赢得某人的信任,tend to 倾向于4. on the spot 在现场, grow up 成长 face difficult situation 面对困难的情况, at least 至少, in the back of 在背后 5. angry with 生气, cause trouble 制造麻烦, cut off from 与隔绝,way of speech 说话方式6. be proud of 因自豪, leave alone 独自一人7. control life 掌握生活, a high sense of responsibility 高度责任感